The effect of the Aerobic, Non-aerobic and Relaxation Exercises on Anxiety and Stress among Female Students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences

Background: The purpose of this study was to study the effects of aerobic, non-aerobic and relaxation exercises on reducing anxiety and stress in female students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on female students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences during the academic year 2016-2017. A total of 60 students were randomly divided into the three groups (n=20) of aerobic exercise, non-aerobic exercise and relaxation and exposed to 8 weeks training programs (3 sessions a week with a minimum of 45 minutes). Before and after the intervention, subjects were asked to fill out the anxiety and stress questionnaire (DASS-21) that the validity and reliability of its Persian version had been previously confirmed. One-way ANOVA was used to test the study hypotheses. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 software. Results: Between the three groups of aerobic exercise, non-aerobic exercise and relaxation there were significant differences in the rates of stress reduction (P≤0.01), and anxiety (P≤0.05). Stress and anxiety had become less in the aerobic and relaxation groups. Conclusion: Relaxation and aerobic exercise activities can reduce stress and anxiety in students. Keywords: Physical activity, Relaxation, Female, Anxiety, Stres

Participant barriers of Kerman province’s wheel chaired people in recreational activities

Background Physical activity in leisure time can increase life expectancy and cause enthusiasm, communication with others, participation in community activities and prevent withdrawal and malaise. This research studies the barriers of Kerman province’s wheel chaired people in participating in recreational activities. Methods: This study was cross-sectional. The statistical population contained all wheel chaired people of Kerman province and the sample was 276 that were chosen by convenient sampling method. The instrument was an author made questionnaire of “Participant barriers of Kerman province’s wheel chaired people” and the face and content validity (CVI=0.91) was confirmed by sport management professors. For validity exploratory factor analysis was used. Cronbach alpha and test retest was used to determine the reliability. Results: All leisure activities were lower than average. The mean of personal barriers effecting leisure time physical activities was lower than the average significantly. Prioritising personal barriers effecting physical activity showed a significant difference between the rankings of personal barriers and employment conditions was significantly more than other factors. The mean of structural barriers effecting physical activity in leisure time was lower than average. Ranking structural barriers showed that physical access was more than others. The mean of socio-cultural factors was significantly more than average and the view of friends, colleagues and acquaintances was significantly more than other factors. Conclusion: Wheelchaired people think most of the barriers are in relation with the attitudes of the society, coworkers and family. There are not considerable personal and structural barriers for participation in physical activity. Keywords: Physical activity, participation barriers, recreation, wheelchaired, disabled, Kerman province