Molecular identification and evaluation of antibiotic resistance of coagulase negative Staphylococcus isolated from Neonatal Sepsis hospitalized at Gharazi Hospital in Sirjan, Kerman

Background and aims: Sepsis is one of the serious infectious diseases in the neonates and infants that is potentially life threatening. The aim of the current study was to identify coagulase negative Staphylococcus and their antibiotic resistance patterns in Neonatal Sepsis in the neonates and infants hospitalized at Ghrazi Hospital, Sirjan. Methods: In the cross-sectional study, 140 blood samples were obtained from neonates and infants hospitalized in a period of time from June to November 2015 in the Sirjan, Kerman and then evaluated based on many items such as: BC(blood culture)/sex/age/admission date/weight/type of birth/admission ward/clinical findings/predisposing factors. All of these informations were acquired from patients profile. All of the isolated S. epidermidis strains were confirmed by PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by disk diffusion method. Results: of 140 blood samples, 10 CoNS strains were isolated. Evaluation of EDTA tube and molecular identification confirmed that 6 isolates were S. epidermidis. The results of disk diffusion test showed that most of them were susceptible to vancomycin and novobiocin and the most of them were resistance to cefixime, ceftriaxone and Cephalexin. In the work, half of strains (50%) were resistance to oxacillin. So, they were methicillin resistance S. epidermidis (MRSE). Conclusion: Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (S. epidermidis) is most common cause of sepsis. The specificity and sensitivity of PCR for detection of this strains in the emergency condition was useful

Genetic Causes of Mental Retardation in Golestan Province

Objective: About 70 percent of mental retardation can be attributed to genetic causes. Whereas the recognization of genetic causes of mental retardation causes better programming and more precision council for prevention and control of mental retardation, so the aim of this study is to investigate the genetic causes of mental retardation in Golestan province. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive research which is a cross-sectional and applied study, fifty families with two or more affected children from different parts of Golestan province were collected with cooperation of Golestan state welfare organization and by simple sampling method. Mental retardation of affected people had been previously proved by physicians. Blood samples of patients and controls in the family were prepared. Patients were investigated for dysmorphism and microcephaly. Cytogenetic study, metabolic test, fragile X test, and linkage analysis for seven gene loci known for autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) was carried out. Results: Chromosomal abnormalities were not observed in any family. One out of fifty families revealed fragile X syndrome and ten were affected to MCPH. Five out of ten microcephaly families were linked to MCPH (autosomal recessive primary microcephaly) loci. Conclusion: Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH)make up about 20% 0f all mental retardation in Golestan province. This prevalence is very remarkable