33 research outputs found
Diseño de un seguro de ingresos de toda la granja para cultivos agrícolas en la provincia de Zanjan de Irán
[EN] The purpose of this article is to design and empirically evaluate the Whole Farm Insurance (WFI) over the conventional insurance programs in Zanjan province of Iran. Historical farm-level and county-level data were used to estimate yield and price density functions. Both parametric and non-parametric methods were applied for predicting the future values and the PQH simulation method was utilized to calculate premium rates. Results revealed that loss ratios of the WFI are lower for farmers who insured more than one crop. Additionally, utilizing WFI reduces premiums. Moreover, premiums obtained from nonparametric method are relatively lower compared to the parametric approach.[ES] El propósito de este artículo es diseñar y evaluar empíricamente el Seguro Agrario Integral (SAI) con respecto a los programas de seguros convencionales en la provincia de Zanjan de Irán. Se usaron datos históricos a nivel de explotación y de comarca para estimar las funciones de rendimiento y de densidad de precios. Se aplicaron métodos paramétricos y no paramétricos para predecir los valores futuros y se utilizó el método de simulación SAI para calcular las tasas de primas. Los resultados revelaron que los índices de pérdida del SAI son más bajos para los agricultores que aseguraron más de un cultivo. Además, la utilización del SAI reduce las primas. Las primas obtenidas del método no paramétrico son relativamente más bajas en comparación con el enfoque paramétrico.Ghahremanzadeh, M.; Mohammadrezaei, R.; Dashti, G.; Ainollahi, M. (2018). Designing a whole-farm revenue insurance for agricultural crops in Zanjan province of Iran. Economía Agraria y Recursos Naturales - Agricultural and Resource Economics. 17(2):29-53. doi:10.7201/earn.2017.02.02SWORD295317
Impacto a nivel económico de las exportaciones de la industria de procesamiento de alimentos en Irán
[EN] This paper aims to analyze the economy-wide impact of an increase in the export of food processing industry in Iran and to compare it to the same increase in oil and gas exports as the main eco-nomic sector. It uses both demand-driven and supply-driven mixed Input-Output models referred to as 2011 SAM framework purposely designed by authors. The results show that an increase in the food pro-cessing industry promotes the production of other sectors and, increases factor employment and house-hold income. The significance of this impact is comparable to a similar shock in the oil and gas sector.[ES] Este documento tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto en la economía de un aumento en la exportación de la industria de procesamiento de alimentos en Irán y compararlo con el mismo aumento en las exportaciones de petróleo y gas que es el principal sector económico. Utiliza modelos mixtos input-output basados en la demanda y en la oferta, denominados marco SAM 2011 diseñados específicamente por los autores. Los resultados muestran que un aumento en la industria de procesamiento de alimentos promueve la producción de otros sectores y aumenta el empleo de factores y los ingresos de los hogares. La importancia de este impacto es comparable a un shock similar en el sector de petróleo y gas.Ghahremanzadeh, M.; Sassi, M.; Javadi, A.; Javanbakht, O.; Hayati, B. (2020). Economy-Wide Impact of Food Processing Industry Exports in Iran. Economía Agraria y Recursos Naturales - Agricultural and Resource Economics. 20(1):131-148. https://doi.org/10.7201/earn.2020.01.06OJS13114820
Analysis of Factors Affecting Canola Plantation Development in Tabriz and Marand Counties, Iran
This study identifies and analyzes factors influencing canola
plantation development in Tabriz and Marand Counties.
The Censored Model was used to analyze cross-sectional data
collected from 372 farmers using a questionnaire. Due to the
weakness of the Tobit model in separating factors affecting the
adoption decision of farmers and factors affecting the rate of
adoption, the Heckman Model was employed to separate the
contributions made by these factors. The results of estimated
Probit model in the first stage of the Heckman Approach showed
that machinery ownership had an important effect on canola
adoption, as a 1% increase in machinery ownership had led to
0.158% increase in canola adoption probability. Contact with
extension agents, farm income proportion, education, and farmers’
experience influenced canola plantation probability positively,
and the age and number of fragmentations had a negative impact
on it. The significance of inverse Mill’s ratio indicates that the
factors affecting the decision to start planting and the amount of
canola plantation are not the same. The Heckman’s second step
estimation results indicated that the loan amount, canola relative
benefit, and family labor had a positive effect, and that machinery
cost and farm distance from the road had a negative effect on
canola acreage. Relative benefit was the most effective element,
as 1% increase in relative benefit results in a 0.342% increase in
canola plantation
Estimating the Value of Improvement in Lake Urmia’s Environmental Situation Using Choice Experiment
The Lake Urmia and its satellite wetlands have been selected
as a demonstration site for the United Nations Development
Program/Global Environment Facility/Department of Environment
Conservation of Iranian Wetlands Project. This project
aims to demonstrate reduction of the major threats of this
wetland protected area coordinated through an integrated management
plan. A choice experiment was developed to examine
public preferences and elicit their willingness to pay on improvements
in lake’s indicators toward good environmental
status. A pilot choice experiment study was administered in
Urmia municipality and the data were analyzed using a random
parameter logit model. The results revealed that residents of
this municipality might strongly prefer improvement in water
quantity and were willing to pay significant amounts to promote
current water level to the highest level. Furthermore, water
quality, numbers of flamingos and Artemia stock were identified
as the next important issues which warranted additional management
attention
Recommended from our members
Marketing Margins in War-Water and Cold-Water Cultured Fish of Mazandaran Province
Abstract only
Seasonal Forecasting of Agriculture Gross Domestic Production in Iran: Application of Periodic Autoregressive Model
Agriculture as one of the major economic sectors of Iran, has an important role in Gross Domestic Production by providing about 14% of GDP. This study attempts to forecast the value of the agriculture GDP using Periodic Autoregressive model (PAR), as the new seasonal time series techniques. To address this aim, the quarterly data were collected from March 1988 to July 1989. The collected data was firstly analyzed using periodic unit root test Franses & Paap (2004). The analysis found non-periodic unit root in the seasonal data. Second, periodic seasonal behavior (Boswijk & Franses, 1996) was examined. The results showed that periodic autoregressive model fits agriculture GDP well. This makes an accurate forecast of agriculture GDP possible. Using the estimated model, the future value of quarter agricultural GDP from March 2011 to July 2012was forecasted. With consideration to the fair fit of this model with agricultural GDP, It is recommended to use periodic autoregressive model for the future studies
Food Price Change and its Welfare Impact on Iranian Households
I
ran has experienced high food prices in recent years. This
paper examines the welfare impacts of rising major food
groups' prices on Iranian urban households using Quadratic
Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) approach. The
elasticity coefficients derived from QUAIDS are used to
estimate Compensated Variations (CV).The study uses Iranian
Household Expenditure and Income Survey (HEIS) raw data,
encompassing both low and high price periods. Prices of all
food and agricultural products increased during the entire
survey period of 2004 to 2012. Based on our estimates, the
food groups of cereals, dairy products, vegetable and pulses,
Potables and Spices are necessary goods, as their budget
elasticity is positive and below one at the same time. Meat,
edible oils, fruits and dried fruits and Sugary products are
luxury goods, with income elasticity above one. We find that
the remarkable increases in food prices resulted in severe
erosion of purchasing power for the Iranian urban households
and they need to be compensated on average about 48% of
their initial income for the food price changes they faced
during the 2004 and 2012. In addition the high share of cereals
in year 2012 implies that urban households shift their consumption
to cheaper calorie source. This figure is confirmed with the
decline in the share of meat, dairy Products, fruits and dried
fruits, vegetables and pulses and potables expenditure
Food Price Change and its Welfare Impact on Iranian Households
Iran has experienced high food prices in recent years. This
paper examines the welfare impacts of rising major food
groups' prices on Iranian urban households using Quadratic
Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) approach. The
elasticity coefficients derived from QUAIDS are used to
estimate Compensated Variations (CV).The study uses Iranian
Household Expenditure and Income Survey (HEIS) raw data,
encompassing both low and high price periods. Prices of all
food and agricultural products increased during the entire
survey period of 2004 to 2012. Based on our estimates, the
food groups of cereals, dairy products, vegetable and pulses,
Potables and Spices are necessary goods, as their budget
elasticity is positive and below one at the same time. Meat,
edible oils, fruits and dried fruits and Sugary products are
luxury goods, with income elasticity above one. We find that
the remarkable increases in food prices resulted in severe
erosion of purchasing power for the Iranian urban households
and they need to be compensated on average about 48% of
their initial income for the food price changes they faced
during the 2004 and 2012. In addition the high share of cereals
in year 2012 implies that urban households shift their consumption
to cheaper calorie source. This figure is confirmed with the
decline in the share of meat, dairy Products, fruits and dried
fruits, vegetables and pulses and potables expenditure
An Application of the Two-Regime Threshold Vector Error Correction Model to Analyze Asymmetric Price Transmission of Milk in Zanjan Province of Iran
In this paper asymmetric price transmission mechanism and nonlinear adjustment between producer and retail prices of milk were examined in Zanjan Province of Iran. For this purpose, a Two-Regime Threshold Vector Error Correction Model (TVECM) and a Sup-LM Test developed by Hansen and Seo (2002) were employed for checking presence of a threshold effect. Application of unit root tests indicated that both wholesale and retail prices are I (1), and Johansen test verified cointegration of the series in the long-run. Results of the Sup-LM test confirmed threshold adjustment of product price towards the long-run equilibrium. Furthermore, results obtained from TVECM revealed that the coefficient of ECT is significant only in the first regime of retailing equation implying that retailers significantly respond to the decreasing deviations from the long-run equilibrium. While adjustment coefficient is not significant for wholesale equation in both regimes to imply that there is not significant inclination to react to deviations from the long-run equilibrium among the wholesalers despite the retailers
Measuring the Technical Efficiency of Canola Farmers and Determining the Effective Factors in Tabriz County, Iran
The purpose of this study was to measure the technical efficiency of canola farmers and determine the underpinning factors. Required data were collected using stratified random sampling method and questionnaire survey. In this context, 157 canola farmers from Tabriz County, Iran, were asked to fill out the questionnaire in 2012-2013 growing season. The technical efficiency was evaluated using stochastic frontier approach. The results of inputs production elasticity indicated that all inputs were consumed in economic area. In addition, the highest (0.504) and lowest (0.095) elasticity rate was related to water consumption and education level, respectively. The estimated technical efficiency demonstrated that the highest and lowest technical efficiencies were 25 and 95% with an average of 80%. It should be noted that the highest efficiency was observed in the farms with the area covering 3-4 hectares. Furthermore, the estimated inefficiency model indicated that education level, training course number, and cultivated area negatively affected the inefficiency. By contrast, age of farmer had a positive effect on inefficiency. As the results show, educating and training farmers for the optimum use of inputs as well as improving their knowledge as to promote agricultural products should be taken into account