Psychotic experiences in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder. A cross sectional clinical study

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with heterogeneous and diverse symptoms. A diagnosis is challenging when patients experience psychotic symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the pattern of psychotic symptoms in patients with OCD. Methods: Using semi-structured clinical interviews, 185 patients meeting the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for OCD were selected. The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and the Scale for the Assessment of Positive/Negative Symptoms (SAPS/SANS) were used to measure the OCD severity and insight levels and the pattern of psychotic symptoms, respectively. Characteristics of patients with and without psychotic experiences were compared. Results: A total of 38 patients (20.5%) displayed psychotic symptoms. Delusions were observed in 63.2% of these patients, while in 13.2% of them, delusions were accompanied with negative symptoms. Men, those aged between 18 and 34 years, less educated, and singles displayed significantly higher rates of psychotic symptoms. The mean Y-BOCS score (26.42 +/- 5.07) was significantly higher in patients with psychotic symptoms than in those without (24.97 +/- 6.38). Conclusion: The results showed that in OCD patients, psychotic symptoms are more common in young

Lifetime Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders among Parents of Children with Bipolar I Disorder: Parental Difference

Background. Evaluation of family system is an important area in the context of child and adolescent mental health. This study aimed to estimate psychiatric disorders in parents of children and adolescents with bipolar I disorder (BID). Methods and Materials. In this cross-sectional study, during 2012-2013, all of the children and adolescents diagnosed with BID based on Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version were included. All of the parents (both mother and father) were evaluated by Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR. Statistical Analysis. Prevalence rates are reported and independentsample t-test and chi-square test were used when appropriate. Results. A total of 108 families were interviewed. 25% of mothers and 33% of fathers met the criteria for at least one psychiatric disorder, with major depressive disorder, BMD, and cluster B personality disorder being more prevalent. Fathers were more likely to receive a dual psychiatric diagnosis. Cluster B personality disorder and substance dependence were more prevalent among fathers while major depressive disorder was more prevalent among mothers. Conclusion. This study confirmed a higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders in parents of children with BID and emphasizes parental evolution

The Comparison of Job Stress among Dental Professionals of Dentistry Faculty Members of Tabriz University

Several studies have so far focused on occupational stress among dentists and the results have shown that many factorscan cause stress. However, the level of stress among experts in the fields of dentistry has not yet been studied in Iran.The aim of this study is to examine the causes and levels of job stress among dental professionals in Tabriz University ofMedical Sciences. This cross-sectional study included all dental professionals of Dentistry Faculty; an overall of 55 subjectsin Tabriz were studied in this research and their level of stress was evaluated using “The Health and Safety ExecutiveManagement Standards Indicator Tool” (HSE stress questionnaire) from September up to October 2014. The level of stressin each dental specialty was examined descriptively (mean, standard deviation). Statistical analysis was performed usingSPSS 20. The findings of the study showed that the highest stress among dental professionals from different fields wasobserved in the field of oral and maxillofacial radiology; fields of oral medicine, endodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgeryand pediatric dentistry ranked later. The lowest stress was seen among orthodontics specialists. Based on the results of thepresent study, the rate of job stress varied significantly among dental professionals

Prevalence of Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Adult ADHD): Tabriz.

Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults (adult ADHD) is gaining more attention nowadays. Nevertheless, very few studies have addressed this issue in Iran. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of adult ADHD in Tabriz, North-West of Iran. Methods: Four hundred urban inhabitants of Tabriz- with a n age range of 18 to 45 years were selected through the probability proportional to size cluster sampling in 2009. The screening was performed by Conner's Adult ADHD Rating Scale, and the definite diagnosis of Adult ADHD was performed via clinical interview according to DSM-IV-TR andWender Utah criteria. Results: The prevalence of adult ADHD was estimated to be 3.8%. Men when compared with women were more likely to have ADHD (5.5 % in men versus 2 % in women). Marital status, birth order, educational level and occupational status showed no significant association with adult ADHD. History of psychiatric treatment, alcohol drinking and smoking had similar relative frequency in subjects with and without adult ADHD. Conclusion: The prevalence of adult ADHD in this region of Iran seems to be substantially higher than expected or treated. This would require more attention to be drawn by health sector managers in order to improve the knowledge of the general population and the knowledge of the health care professionals about the disorder

A comprehensive survey into the role of microRNAs in ovarian cancer chemoresistance; an updated overview

Ovarian cancer (OC), a frequent malignant tumor that affects women, is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in this group of individuals. For the treatment of ovarian cancer, systemic chemotherapy with platinum-based drugs or taxanes is the first-line option. However, drug resistance developed over time during chemotherapy medications worsens the situation. Since uncertainty exists for the mechanism of chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer, there is a need to investigate and overcome this problem. miRNAs are engaged in various signaling pathways that contribute to the chemotherapeutic resistance of ovarian cancer. In the current study, we have tried to shed light on the mechanisms by which microRNAs contribute to the drug resistance of ovarian cancer and the use of some microRNAs to combat this chemoresistance, leading to the worse outcome of ovarian cancer patients treated with systemic chemotherapeutics

A comprehensive review about the utilization of immune checkpoint inhibitors and combination therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma: an updated review

A pharmacological class known as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been developed as a potential treatment option for various malignancies, including HCC. In HCC, ICIs have demonstrated clinically significant advantages as monotherapy or combination therapy. ICIs that target programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1), as well as cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), have made significant advances in cancer treatment. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), several ICIs are being tested in clinical trials, and the area is quickly developing. As immunotherapy-related adverse events (irAEs) linked with ICI therapy expands and gain worldwide access, up-to-date management guidelines become crucial to the safety profile of ICIs. This review aims to describe the evidence for ICIs in treating HCC, emphasizing the use of combination ICIs

Comparison of edema and ecchymosis in rhinoplasty candidates after lateral nasal osteotomy using piezosurgery and external osteotomy

Rhinoplasty is done with external and endonasal methods. One of the main stages of rhinoplasty in both external and endonasal methods is the lateral nasal osteotomy. Lateral nasal osteotomy is the main cause of edema and ecchymosis after rhinoplasty, which is annoying and unpleasant for patients. Piezosurgery is a new method that uses electronic-ultrasonic waves to perform nasal osteotomies. The aim of this study was to compare of edema and ecchymosis after lateral nasal osteotomy using piezosurgery with external osteotomy in rhinoplasty candidates. In this clinical trial, 66 experimental patients for rhinoplasty surgery were selected from Imam Reza hospital in Tabriz, Iran. After examination, the patients were randomly divided into two groups. One group of patients had lateral nasal osteotomy by using the piezosurgery technique, and the other group had a lateral osteotomy with the conventional method of external subcutaneous. On the third and 7 days after the operation, the level of edema and ecchymosis in the patients were examined as per the Gökalan questionnaire (adopted by Yucel) by two persons who were not aware of the goals of the study, and then, they evaluated and scored the questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed by the SPSS 19 software. The highest level of edema and ecchymosis was observed 3 days after surgery in both groups. Meanwhile, the findings revealed a significant difference between the two groups in the amount of edema and ecchymosis on day 3 after surgery. Furthermore on day 7, the amount of edema and ecchymosis compared to that of the 3rd day was statistically significant for both groups. In general, in all studied groups, edema, and ecchymosis decreased in 7 days compared to 3 days and also piezosurgery is more promising and effective than osteotomy

A comprehensive survey into the role of microRNAs in ovarian cancer chemoresistance; an updated overview

Abstract Ovarian cancer (OC), a frequent malignant tumor that affects women, is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in this group of individuals. For the treatment of ovarian cancer, systemic chemotherapy with platinum-based drugs or taxanes is the first-line option. However, drug resistance developed over time during chemotherapy medications worsens the situation. Since uncertainty exists for the mechanism of chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer, there is a need to investigate and overcome this problem. miRNAs are engaged in various signaling pathways that contribute to the chemotherapeutic resistance of ovarian cancer. In the current study, we have tried to shed light on the mechanisms by which microRNAs contribute to the drug resistance of ovarian cancer and the use of some microRNAs to combat this chemoresistance, leading to the worse outcome of ovarian cancer patients treated with systemic chemotherapeutics