Effects of construction delays on construction project objectives

Delays can be defined as the late completion of works as compared to the planned schedule on the contract. Delays can be avoided or minimized only when their causes are identified. When delay occurred in to our project, it will have adverse consequences on project objectives in terms of time, cost and quality. The aim of the study reported in this paper was to identify the effects of delays that could threat project objectives in construction projects. A comprehensive literature review from various sources through books, conference proceedings, the internet, and civil engineering journals was made to carry out the study. According to delay categories that were contractor related, client related, consultant related, labor related and external related, the results of this study identified the six major effects of delay that were time overrun, cost overrun, dispute, arbitration, total abandonment, and litigation. The study also revealed that time and cost overruns were the frequent effects of delay. It is hoped that this study will become the foundation of further research in the area of project delays and mitigation measures

Hierarchical Design Based Intrusion Detection System For Wireless Ad hoc Network

In recent years, wireless ad hoc sensor network becomes popular both in civil and military jobs. However, security is one of the significant challenges for sensor network because of their deployment in open and unprotected environment. As cryptographic mechanism is not enough to protect sensor network from external attacks, intrusion detection system needs to be introduced. Though intrusion prevention mechanism is one of the major and efficient methods against attacks, but there might be some attacks for which prevention method is not known. Besides preventing the system from some known attacks, intrusion detection system gather necessary information related to attack technique and help in the development of intrusion prevention system. In addition to reviewing the present attacks available in wireless sensor network this paper examines the current efforts to intrusion detection system against wireless sensor network. In this paper we propose a hierarchical architectural design based intrusion detection system that fits the current demands and restrictions of wireless ad hoc sensor network. In this proposed intrusion detection system architecture we followed clustering mechanism to build a four level hierarchical network which enhances network scalability to large geographical area and use both anomaly and misuse detection techniques for intrusion detection. We introduce policy based detection mechanism as well as intrusion response together with GSM cell concept for intrusion detection architecture.Comment: 16 pages, International Journal of Network Security & Its Applications (IJNSA), Vol.2, No.3, July 2010. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1111.1933 by other author

Chemical and biological investigations of Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf.

U radu je opisana izolacija pet sastojaka petroleterske i diklormetanske frakcije metanolnog ekstrakta kore biljke Delonix regia: lupeol (1), epilupeol (2), β-sitosterol (3), stigmasterol (4) i p-metoksibenzaldehid (5). Nadalje, testirano je antimikrobno djelovanje različitih ekstrakata difuzijskom metodom na disku (15 μg mm2). Zone inhibicije za sastojke topljive u petroleteru, tetraklormetanu i diklormetanu bile su 914 mm, 1113 mm, odnosno 920 mm, dok je zona inhibicije standarda kanamicina bila 2025 mm. U biološkom pokusu smrtnosti morskih kozica najveću toksičnost pokazali su spojevi topljivi u tetraklormetanu (LC50 = 0,83 μg mL1), dok je topljivost sastojaka topljivih u petroleteru i diklormetanu bila LC50 14,94, odnosno 3,29 μg mL1, a standarda vinkristin sulfata 0,812 μg mL1. Ovo je prvo izvješće o izolaciji sastojaka, antimikrobnom djelovanju i citotoksičnosti biljke D. regia.In this study five compounds, lupeol (1), epilupeol (2), β-sitosterol (3), stigmasterol (4) and p-methoxybenzaldehyde (5) were isolated from the petroleum ether and dichloromethane fractions of a methanolic extract of the stem bark of Delonix regia. Antimicrobial screening of the different extracts (15 μg mm2) was conducted by disc diffusion method. The zones of inhibition demonstrated by the petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride and dichloromethane fractions ranged from 914 mm, 1113 mm and 920 mm, respectively, compared to kanamycin standard with the zone of inhibition of 2025 mm. In brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the carbon tetrachloride soluble materials demonstrated the highest toxicity with LC50 of 0.83 μg mL1, while petroleum ether and dichloromethane soluble partitionates of the methanolic extract revealed LC50 of 14.94 and 3.29 μg mL1, respectively, in comparison with standard vincristine sulphate with LC50 of 0.812 μg mL1. This is the first report on compounds separation from D. regia, their antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity

Upacara Seren Taun Di Cigugur, Kabupaten Kuningan, Jawa Barat: Tradisi Sebagai Basis Pelestarian Lingkungan

Seren Taun Ceremony at Cigugur, Kuningan District, West Jawa: TraditionalCeremonial For Environment Conservation. Human being couldn\u27t be separatedfrom the environment, but in reality the damage of the land is precisely caused by humanbehavior. The reason of this is that people don\u27t have good relationship with the surroundingenvironment. Following this logic, with participatory observation I have done it in February4 until 15th, 2004, the indigenous people with their tradition have their own way toconserve the land. They have a ritual tradition that can be used as a means of educationfor their adherent. Furthermore, ritual traditions also show the nearness of emotionalrelationship between human and the environment

Gambar Anak Autis di Slb Negeri Jombang

Autis merupakan gangguan sistem saraf dan perkembangan sensor motorik anak yang menyebabkan anak memiliki gangguan dalam kehidupan sosialnya. Kreativitas yang minim merupakan hal yang umum terjadi pada anak autis. Beberapa kekurangan yang umum terjadi pada anak autis menyebabkan mereka kesulitan untuk mengekspresikan imajinasi mereka. Padahal di era sekarang, gambar anak merupakan perwujudan perkembangan yang di alami anak,tentang bagaimana cara mereka menggambarkan imajinasi yang ada di pkiran dan seberapa besar pengaruh lingkungan terhadap presepsi mereka dalam suatu hal. Penelitian ini mengkaji beberapa hal terkait tentang gambar anak autis rumusan masalah meliputi, (1) bagaimana proses menggambar siswa autis di SLB Negeri Jombang? (2) bagaimana perwujudan (unsure visual )gambar siswa autis di SLB Negeri Jombang? Mengkaji proses dan hasil gambar siwa siswi autis di SLB Negeri Jombang merupakan tujuan dari penelitian. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan membuktikan jika mengesampingkan teknik yang seharusnya ada dalam gambar. Siswa siswi autis merupakan pembelajar visual yang baik namun keterbatasan sistem motorik maupun sistem imajinasi mereka menghalangi untuk mengungkapkan melalui lisan. Tampak mereka hanya menyontoh gambar tanpa mengembangkan apa yang di instruksikan, proses menggambar mereka juga banyak di bantu oleh pihak lain. Selain itu beberapa ada 4 siswa yang tidak menuruti apa yang di instruksikan untuk menggambar apa yang dicontohkan. Kata Kunci:Gambar, Autis, Visua

LOCAL AREA NETWORK MANAGEMENT (Case Study at Assessment and Development Information Technology Units Brawijaya University Malang)

The purpose of this study was to know the management local area network at Assessment and Development Information Technology units, furthermore this study focusing on network management functions that applied by Assessment and Development Information Technology Units. This study will explain about the implementation of network management functions in the local area network management. The research method employ in this research is by using descriptive qualitative method by study case approach. The results of this study was in the implementation of network management functions Assessment and Development Information Technology units already applied all five network management functions in the local area network management. Each functions represented as a network management components in managing Assessment and Development Information Technology units local area network. Since the network management functions represented as a network management components it needed improvement in each network management functions policies and measurements

Analisis Tipologi Saham Syariah di Bursa Efek Indonesia Berdasarkan Nilai Return dan Resiko (Value At Risk) Pasca Krisis Global 2008

Since the signed memorandum of understanding between BAPEPAM with Dewan Syariah Nasional-Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN-MUI) on the principle of Islamic capital market in 2003, the Islamic capital market in Indonesia has developed significantly. In each investment, including Islamic capital market investment, there are 2 (two) fundamental things that always accompany it, the return and risks. This paper discusses the analysis of return and risk of sharia stocks that always go in Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) after the global crisis in 2008, risk analysis tools using Value at risk (VaR) approach to model the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional  Heteroscedastic (GARCH), then proceed with the analysis of the typology to determine the characteristics of these stocks. The results that shares sharia can be grouped into 4 (four) :  6 (six) shares entering the low return and low risk (TLKM, UNVR, SMGR, AALI, ELSA, and SGRO), 3 (three ) shares into group of low-return but high risk (INCO, ANTM, and TINS), 3 (three) shares enter the group of low risk but high return (PTBA, LSIP, and KLBF), and 4 (four) shares enter the group high return but high risk (ITMG, ASII, INTP, and BMTR)

Pengaruh Jalur Penerimaan Mahasiswa dan Asal Sekolah terhadap Prestasi Mahasiswa di Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jalur penerimaan mahasiswa dan asal sekolah terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa di Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Sunan Kalijaga. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ex post facto dengan desain faktorial 3 x 2. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa : (1) jalur penerimaan berpengaruh terhadap prestasi mahasiswa, dimana prestasi mahasiswa yang diterima melalui jalur eksternal lebih baik dari jalur internal, (2) asal sekolah berpengaruh terhadap prestasi mahasiswa dimana prestasi mahasiswa yang berasal dari SMU/K lebih baik dari MA/P, dan (3) tidak terdapat interaksi antara kedua faktor tersebut dalam mempengaruhi prestasi mahasiswa