The Nature of Ambiguity across Languages

Ambiguity is a universal phenomenon in processing natural language which is present at phonological, lexical, and grammatical linguistic levels in languages in general and in Arabic and English in particular. A breakdown of communication may take place because of the different interpretations of ambiguous sentences. This paper investigates the interpretations of some Arabic ambiguous sentences in relation to their linguistic content of both English and Arabic languages and it is also an attempt to trace the common ambiguous patterns. It is hypothesized that similar structures of ambiguous sentences may have serious consequences in the intercultural communication. This paper examines Arabic sentences with lexical and structural ambiguity in order to know exactly how the speakers[1] understand these sentences. It is also an attempt to idealize the pragmatic functions of these sentences. Results are evident that factors causing ambiguity are shared among languages, and ambiguity is transferable[2].   [1] of both Arabic and English [2] Arabic and English in this cas

The order of Cardinal, ordinal and multiplicative Adjectives in English and Arabic: A comparative study

It is noticed that Arabic speakers of English and English speaker of Arabic encounter some difficulty in the order of the adjectives especially when there are numerals. This study aims to compare and contrast the construction, behaviour and order of the different types of numeral adjectives among the other adjectives in the languages in question. In order to achieve the objectives of the study and find out answers to the questions under investigation, the study follows the prescriptive method. It examines analytically the similarities and differences in order to find out what is linguistic specific for Arabic and for English with regard to the order of numerals and other adjectives. It is hoped that the study will contribute in enriching the morpho-syntactic field and computational linguistics. Definitions, structures and current examples including numerals and other adjectives in English and in Arabic are presented and analysed structurally. The data are compared and contrasted in order to find out reasons behind the problems and difficulties that face Arabic and English speakers in the order of numeral and other adjectives. Results and recommendations will set the remedies needed for these major challenges towards the perfection of the linguistic knowledge.PSAU-2022/02/19983 Deanship of Scientific Research at Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz Universit

The Role of the Faculties of Shariah in Jordanian Public Universities in Promoting Moderate Ideologies Among Students

The present study aimed to explore the role of the faculties of Shariah in Jordanian public universities in promoting moderate ideologies among students. It aimed to explore this role in several areas: (teaching, scientific research, curricula, and training programs &student activity). It aimed to explore that from the graduate students’ perspective. The researchers selected a simple random sample consisting from 334 female and male students. This sample was selected from the faculties of Shariah in three Jordanian universities; the University of Jordan, Yarmouk University and Mu’tah University. The researchers developed a forty eight (48) item questionnaire that sheds a light on four (4) areas. It was found that the faculties of Shariah in Jordanian public universities play a moderate role in promoting moderate ideologies among students, because the total mean is 3.44. The curricula area is ranked first due to showing a mean of 3.73 which is high. The teaching -curricula is ranked second, due to showing a mean of 3.50 which is moderate. The scientific research area is ranked third due to showing a mean of 3.44 which is moderate. The (training programs &student activity) area is ranked fourth due to showing a mean of 2.87 which is moderate.  In the light of the study’s results, several recommendations were suggested. For instance, the researchers recommend activating the role of the faculties of Shariah in Jordanian public universities in promoting moderate ideologies among students. Such activation must involve several areas: (teaching, scientific research, curricula, and training programs &student activity).The researchers recommend increasing the cooperation between the faculties of Shariah in Jordanian universities in order to suggest practical solutions for addressing the problems hindering those universities from promoting moderate ideologies among students. Keywords: moderate ideologies, Faculty of Shariah DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-3-17 Publication date: January 31st 202

Youth and telecentres in community building in rural Peninsular Malaysia

This paper aims to investigate the factors that affect telecentres in community building in the perspective of youth in rural Peninsular Malaysia. The perspective of youth on developing a model for telecentres in community building is important as: 1) youth are at the forefront of adoption of new technology, 2) youth as a group are the highest number of users of telecentres, and 3) youth are tasked with the responsibility of building up the community in the near future. This paper employed a cross-sectional survey method to achieve the study objectives. Data collected were from 313 youth randomly selected from the users of Medan Info Desa (MID) and Program Internet Desa (PID) telecentres in rural Peninsular Malaysia. The results of the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analyses show that the proposed model explains 47% variability on the influence that telecentres have in community building from the point of view of youth. Furthermore, all independent variables including information, telecentre and community characteristics were significantly related to the influence telecentres have in community building; characteristics related to information form the more powerful predictor. Possible measures that the government and donor agencies can implement as implied from these findings are also discussed

Design of an integrated sub-6 GHz and mmWave MIMO antenna for 5G handheld devices

The authors appreciate financial support from Universidad Carlos III de Madrid and the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant Agreement No 801538. As well as, this work was partially supported by the Antenna and Wireless Propagation Group (https://sites.google.com/view/awpgrp/home accessed on 16 June 2021) and from the Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP-2021/58), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Deep Sequence Models for Text Classification Tasks

The exponential growth of data generated on the Internet in the current information age is a driving force for the digital economy. Extraction of information is the major value in an accumulated big data. Big data dependency on statistical analysis and hand-engineered rules machine learning algorithms are overwhelmed with vast complexities inherent in human languages. Natural Language Processing (NLP) is equipping machines to understand these human diverse and complicated languages. Text Classification is an NLP task which automatically identifies patterns based on predefined or undefined labeled sets. Common text classification application includes information retrieval, modeling news topic, theme extraction, sentiment analysis, and spam detection. In texts, some sequences of words depend on the previous or next word sequences to make full meaning; this is a challenging dependency task that requires the machine to be able to store some previous important information to impact future meaning. Sequence models such as RNN, GRU, and LSTM is a breakthrough for tasks with long-range dependencies. As such, we applied these models to Binary and Multi-class classification. Results generated were excellent with most of the models performing within the range of 80% and 94%. However, this result is not exhaustive as we believe there is room for improvement if machines are to compete with humans

Predictor factor of telecentres outcome from the users perspectives in rural communities

Problem statement: Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in developing countries is considered as a fundamental strategy of community development. In this regard, the government of Malaysia and developing agencies considered telecentres as a tool for providing the potential and benefits of ICTs for rural and remote community in order to make value and offer equal ICT access to all Malaysians and to transform Malaysia into a value based Knowledge Society by the year 2020. However, the lack of success and sustain ability is a common problem for telecentre projects that cause increasing necessity for paying more con sideration to extract lessons learned of projects, with particular attention to factors influence tele centre outcomes which is the aim of this study. Approach: the main purpose of this study was to define the predictor factors of telecentres outcomes from user’s perception in rural communities in Malaysia. A cross sectional survey method was employed in the study and data were collected from 360 respondents who were randomly selected from the Pusat Internet Desa (PID) and Medan InfoDesa (MID) centers. For the purpose of analysis, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) by AMOS software was used. Result: The results of the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analyses show that individual characteristics, telecentres characteristics, information characteristics and leadership competency variables had significant contribution toward the prediction of telecentre outcome. Also the results showed that the information characteristic variable had better contribution toward the prediction of telecentre outcomes in rural community. Conclusion: based on highest contribution of the information characteristics among investigated factors, it could be concluded that any efforts must be made to improve service quality and provide relevant content to respondent needs in local language. Thus, access to local and relevant content can play a critical role in stimulating the users in rural community to have a continuous connection with telecentres and finally achieving desire outcome

Predictor factors of telecentres outcome from the users perspectives in rural communities

Problem statement: Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in developing countries is considered as a fundamental strategy of community development. In this regard, the government of Malaysia and developing agencies considered telecentres as a tool for providing the potential and benefits of ICTs for rural and remote community in order to make value and offer equal ICT access to all Malaysians and to transform Malaysia into a value based Knowledge Society by the year 2020. However, the lack of success and sustainability is a common problem for telecentre projects that cause increasing necessity for paying more consideration to extract lessons learned of projects, with particular attention to factors influence telecentre outcomes which is the aim of this study. Approach: the main purpose of this study was to define the predictor factors of telecentres outcomes from user’s perception in rural communities in Malaysia. A cross sectional survey method was employed in the study and data were collected from 360 respondents who were randomly selected from the Pusat Internet Desa (PID) and Medan InfoDesa (MID) centers. For the purpose of analysis, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) by AMOS software was used. Result: The results of the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analyses show that individual characteristics, telecentres characteristics, information characteristics and leadership competency variables had significant contribution toward the prediction of telecentre outcome. Also the results showed that the information characteristic variable had better contribution toward the prediction of telecentre outcomes in rural community. Conclusion: based on highest contribution of the information characteristics among investigated factors, it could be concluded that any efforts must be made to improve service quality and provide relevant content to respondent needs in local language. Thus, access to local and relevant content can play a critical role in stimulating the users in rural community to have a continuous connection with telecentres and finally achieving desire outcome

Social sustainability of information and communication technology (ICT) telecentres in rural communities in Malaysia

The main purpose of this paper was to determine factors that influence social sustainability of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) telecentres in rural communities in Malaysia. A cross sectional survey method was employed in the study. Data were collected from 360 respondents who were randomly selected from users of the PID and MID telecentres and analyzed using AMOS and SPSS software. Results of the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analyses show that the information characteristic variable had better contribution than individual and telecentre characteristics to predict the social sustainability of ICT project. The findings of this study provide practical implication and lesson for governments and donor agencies involved with telecentres development

Predictor factor of telecentres outcome from the users perspectives in rural communities

Problem statement: Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in developing countries is considered as a fundamental strategy of community development. In this regard, the government of Malaysia and developing agencies considered telecentres as a tool for providing the potential and benefits of ICTs for rural and remote community in order to make value and offer equal ICT access to all Malaysians and to transform Malaysia into a value based Knowledge Society by the year 2020. However, the lack of success and sustain ability is a common problem for telecentre projects that cause increasing necessity for paying more con sideration to extract lessons learned of projects, with particular attention to factors influence tele centre outcomes which is the aim of this study. Approach: the main purpose of this study was to define the predictor factors of telecentres outcomes from user’s perception in rural communities in Malaysia. A cross sectional survey method was employed in the study and data were collected from 360 respondents who were randomly selected from the Pusat Internet Desa (PID) and Medan InfoDesa (MID) centers. For the purpose of analysis, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) by AMOS software was used. Result: The results of the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analyses show that individual characteristics, telecentres characteristics, information characteristics and leadership competency variables had significant contribution toward the prediction of telecentre outcome. Also the results showed that the information characteristic variable had better contribution toward the prediction of telecentre outcomes in rural community. Conclusion: based on highest contribution of the information characteristics among investigated factors, it could be concluded that any efforts must be made to improve service quality and provide relevant content to respondent needs in local language. Thus, access to local and relevant content can play a critical role in stimulating the users in rural community to have a continuous connection with telecentres and finally achieving desire outcome