Optical studies of bonding in coevaporated amorphous silicon-tin alloys

International audienc

Diagnosing and managing diabetic somatic and autonomic neuropathy

The diagnosis and management of diabetic neuropathy can be a major challenge. Late diagnosis contributes to significant morbidity in the form of painful diabetic neuropathy, foot ulceration, amputation, and increased mortality. Both hyperglycaemia and cardiovascular risk factors are implicated in the development of somatic and autonomic neuropathy and an improvement in these risk factors can reduce their rate of development and progression. There are currently no US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved disease-modifying treatments for either somatic or autonomic neuropathy, as a consequence of multiple failed phase III clinical trials. While this may be partly attributed to premature translation, there are major shortcomings in trial design and outcome measures. There are a limited number of partially effective FDA-approved treatments for the symptomatic relief of painful diabetic neuropathy and autonomic neuropathy

Comparative survey of native species culture (Penaeus semisulcatus and Fenneropenaeus indicus) with non-native species (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Hele site of Bushehr province

The culture of three species green tiger prown (Penaeus semisulcatus) ,white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and Indian white shrimp (Fenneropenaeus indicus) were grown in 7 ponds (0.4 and 0.25 hectare) for 110 days at a stocking density of 25 shrimp/m2 on Hele Research Station. The average of temperature and salinity was 30 degrees centigrade and 46-48 ppt .At the end of the culture mean weights of L.vannamei 18.68±2.6 was higer than the P.semisucatus 7.77±1.49 and F.indicus 14.66 ±2.1 also results demonstrated that there was a significant relation (P<0.05) between mean weight. Final yield were 3114, 1983 and 848 Kg for L.vannamei, F.indicus and P.semisucatus.The FCR was better for L.vannamei (1.28) than F.indicus (1.48) and P.semisucatus (2.15)

Collection, genotyping and virus elimination of cassava landraces from Tanzania and documentation of farmer knowledge

Open Access Journal; Published online: 17 Aug 2021Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) has been a vital staple and food security crop in Tanzania for several centuries, and it is likely that its resilience will play a key role in mitigating livelihood insecurities arising from climate change. The sector is dominated by smallholder farmers growing traditional landrace varieties. A recent surge in virus diseases and awareness in the commercial potential of cassava has prompted a drive to disseminate improved varieties in the country. These factors however also threaten the existence of landraces and associated farmer knowledge. It is important that the landraces are conserved and utilized as the adaptive gene complexes they harbor can drive breeding for improved varieties that meet agro-ecological adaptation as well as farmer and consumer needs, thereby improving adoption rates. Here we report on cassava germplasm collection missions and documentation of farmer knowledge in seven zones of Tanzania. A total of 277 unique landraces are identified through high-density genotyping. The large number of landraces is attributable to a mixed clonal/sexual reproductive system in which the soil seed bank and incorporation of seedlings plays an important role. A striking divergence in genetic relationships between the coastal regions and western regions is evident and explained by (i) independent introductions of cassava into the country, (ii) adaptation to prevailing agro-ecological conditions and (iii) farmer selections according to the intended use or market demands. The main uses of cassava with different product profiles are evident, including fresh consumption, flour production, dual purpose incorporating both these uses and longer-term food security. Each of these products have different trait requirements. Individual landraces were not widely distributed across the country with limited farmer-to-farmer diffusion with implications for seed systems

Dar-es-Salaam usiende

Indigenous musi

Nimechoka kusubiri

Love song accompanied by a guita

Further Obervations on the Use of the Medicinal Plant, Vernonia amygdalina (Del). By a Wild Chimpanzee, Its Possible Effect on Parasote Load, and Its Phytochemistry

This is the second detailed case study of the use of V. amygdalina (Del) by a wild chimpanzee suffering from gastrointestinal upset (flatulence and diarrhea). The female, who was followed for approximately 5 hours over a two-day period, recovered from her symptoms by the afternoon of the second day. Laboratory examination of two decal samples, one collected approximately 1 hour and another 20.5 hours after ingestion of the plant's bitter pith, revealed a notable drop in the degree of parasitic infection by a Ternidens sp. Bioassay of the plant consumed by the female confirmed that the two most abundant and bioactive constituents, vernodalin and vernonioside B1, were present. Vernonioside B1 was found to occur at significant levels in both the leaves and pith, but the cytotoxic vernodalin was found only in the leaves. This suggests that vernonioside B1 and its naturally occurring aglycones are likely to be the bioactive constituents ingested by chimpanzees. The estimated amount of vernonioside B1 ingested by this female was found to be approximately equal to the amount contained in a traditional Tongwe medicinal preparation from a cold water extract of the leaves to treat similar gastrointestinal disorders in adult human patients. This report provides new evidence for the effectiveness of medicinal plant use in primates and strongly supports the current hypothesis regarding the use of V. amygdalina for the control of symptoms from parasitic and gastrointestinal illness by wild chimpanzees

The in-Human Host and in-Mosquito Dynamics of Malaria Parasites With Immune Responses

Research Article published by New Trends in Mathematical SciencesIn this study, a mathematical model for the in-human host and in-mosquito dynamics of malaria parasite with immune responses was formualeted and analyzed. A positive invariant region of the model was established, and a basic reproduction number R0, of the model was computed. Existence and stability of two non-negative equilibrium points: malaria free equilibrium (MFE) and malaria infection equlibrium (MIE) were established. We, also proved that MFE is locally asymptotically stable if R0 < 1 and globally asymptotically stable (GAS) if R0 ≤ 1. Numerical simulations prove that MIE exists and is GAS. Moreover, our results revealed that immunity has significant influence on lowering malaria infection at blood and mosquito stages. However, an insignificant effect of immunity on both cells and parasites at liver stage infection was observed. Furthermore, the model depicts that infection decreases as lifespan of immune cells increases. The impact of immune cells to suppress production of merozoites is noted to be higher than that of antibodies to block invasion of sporozoites and merozoites

Dar-es-Salaam Usiende (Don't go to Dar-es-Salaam

Topical song accompanied by guitar and gourd rattle