Using games to learn vocabulary in Arabic as a foreign language classroom: A study of teacher and student beliefs

Vocabulary has been always neglected in most of foreign language classrooms. Many strategies, techniques and activities were suggested to make vocabulary acquisition easier and sustained. Games are one of these tools offered to help in learning and teaching vocabulary. Since beliefs are the core of every discipline that deals with learning and behavior. It is important to understand what teachers and students think of games, in other words what are their beliefs towards games. This study explored student and teacher beliefs about using games in learning vocabulary in the Arabic as a Foreign Language classroom. The study aimed to answer three research questions. The first investigated students’ beliefs towards the use of games in learning vocabulary in the AFL classroom. The second explored teachers’ beliefs towards the use of games in teaching vocabulary in the AFL classroom. And the third aimed at detecting any variations between students’ and teachers’ beliefs. The study adopted a mixed-methods applied design. The research involved 97 participants; 88 students from different disciplines learning Arabic and 9 teachers teaching Arabic in the 2015 spring semester at University of California, Berkeley. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected through their responses to a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire, close-ended questions, and open-ended questions. Results of this study showed that students and teachers share many general beliefs about using games in learning vocabulary. However, student and teacher beliefs also differed at times. The study discusses the importance of addressing the mismatch of student and teacher beliefs about this pedagogical practice. The research also suggests that there may be a gap between beliefs and actual practice. Findings and pedagogical implications are discussed

Students\u27 participation in private tutoring activities in Egypt in Egyptian lower primary schools: A qualitative investigation

This research investigates the phenomenon of private tutoring in the lower primary stage in public schools in Egypt by examining the views and experiences of teachers and parents. The phenomenological qualitative approach is used in this study to present a rich and vivid portrait of the phenomenon that may contribute to a better understanding of its nature. The analysis depends on semi-structured interviews to serve the methodological essence of the qualitative approach. The outcomes of the research uncovered a rich perception of how the phenomenon of private tutoring at this early age occurs. The participants were 15 teachers and 20 parents in three different primary schools in Cairo. The teachers teach Arabic, Math, and English to grades 1, 2, and 3. They were different in gender and age. The parents were 18 females and 2 males, most of them were in their thirties of age. Findings revealed that parents realized the serious defect in the public schooling system in Egypt which made them lose trust in its significance and used private tutoring as an alternative. The main drive for being involved in this phenomenon was that they believe Education is a public good and the main path for their children to have a better future. Parents pay money for private tutors seeking foundation for their children. They think that if their children have competence in the basic language and numerical literacy at this early age, they would go through the next educational phases more smoothly. Teachers revealed their own reasons for being involved in the phenomenon. The financial factor appears to be the only drive. Private tutoring is the only way for fulfilling their financial needs as they are severely underpaid and the gap between their salaries and needs is huge. They sometimes expressed it plainly saying, we need money, other times they mixed it with anger and agony. There is a prevailing sense of despair and mistrust among public school teachers on increasing their salaries. They feel negligence, marginalization, and a lack of a serious intention to improve their financial status. Teachers see that they should be the Ministry of Education\u27s priority to reform education in Egypt. They claim that the huge sums of money spent on developing new curriculums, assessment tools, and professional development programs are of no use as long as their salaries remain the same and their voices are unheard. Keywords: Private tutoring, education in Egypt, education reform in Egypt, foundation, financial drive, social justice

THE STUDY OF THE STRIPPING PROPERTIES OF BITUMINOUS MIXTURES CONTAINING DIFFERENT AGGREGATE TYPES

This report present an experimental study to establish the properties of stripping in the bituminous mixtures by using different types of aggregates. Two types of aggregate were used with varying chemical and moisture sensitivity characteristics. Stripping is considered as a common issue that is caused from water exposure to the highway pavement that might lead to different issues such as fatigue and traffic damages. Such issues will lead to full repair of the damaged area, which is very costly, therefore a correct material selection is vital to obtain a good quality of highway pavement that is more resistant to stripping

Novel Process for Designing Topology Optimized Femoral Stems Printable by Metal Additive Manufacturing

Total hip arthroplasty faces an issue of the high cost and risks of revision surgeries. Studies show that more than 50% of the revision surgeries are the consequence of the aseptic loosening of the implant. The cause of the loosening is the bone resorption during the bone remodeling due to poor load transfer to the bone because of the stiff metal used for the implant. The aim of this work is illustrating a novel process of designing topology optimized femoral stems printable by additive manufacturing to increase the load transfer. The proposed manual penalization process is used to produce the required stems followed by a multiple simulations process to select the optimum stem extraction iso-surface threshold value. The results show printable stems that increased the strain energy in the bone by 20% and had better micromotions uniform distribution resulting in more uniform bone growth

Use of Omental Flap in the Management of Postoperative Mediastinitis

Introduction: Post sternotomy infections are a dreadful havoc of modern cardiac surgery.General complications of wound healing include hypertrophic and keloid scars, sterna wires sinus and failure of healing in the form of mediastinal dehiscence and infections. Methodology: This study was conducted in National Heart Institute, Imbaba, and Cairo Egypt in the period between January 2006 to January 2009. During that period, we faced repeated problems of sternal wound infection after open heart surgery, some of them were serious and the majority were resolving and self limiting. We used Omental flap in 7 patients with life-threatening Mediastinitis, 4 of them were females and three were males of age range 54-68 years. All of the patients were diabetics type II and all females had body mass index more than 35. One of the male patients was of body mass index 33 and the other was 30.The primary operation was CABG in all patients and we used LIMA in all of them. We didn't use bilateral mammary in any patient. Results: In this study two patients died, one male patient died 48 hours after the flap procedure and the other was a female patient who died after two weeks from the procedure. The rest of the patients were in good health and were discharged and being followed up now for a period of 18 months. Conclusions: Omental flap is a useful relatively easy procedure that can be invaluable in the treatment of advanced mediastinitis following open heart procedures utilizing median sternotomy

Construction project of multi-storey building in Dnipro city

Qualification work: 57 pages, 7 tables, 3 figure, 12 sources. ARCHITECTURAL - PLANNING SOLUTION, CALCULATION OF BUILDING STRUCTURES, CHOICE OF PILE, METHOD STATEMENT, BUDGET ESTIMATE. The object of Multi story house in the city of Dnipro. The purpose of the work is to design a residential building using progressive methods of construction production, to develop a technology map of the ha implementation of the selected technological process, to perform a set of drawings, to calculate the selected design. Methods of work – drawing, technical calculations, determination of economic indicators using software. Results and their novelty – Selected and substantiated basic three-dimensional - planning and design solutions . and the corresponding calendar schedule. A technological map for concreting a monolithic reinforced concrete foundation with the help of an auto botom pump has been developed. Scope – technologies of mining of civil construction objects. Practical importance of work – improvement of technical, economic, cultural and social aspects of civil constructio

THE STUDY OF THE STRIPPING PROPERTIES OF BITUMINOUS MIXTURES CONTAINING DIFFERENT AGGREGATE TYPES

This report present an experimental study to establish the properties of stripping in the bituminous mixtures by using different types of aggregates. Two types of aggregate were used with varying chemical and moisture sensitivity characteristics. Stripping is considered as a common issue that is caused from water exposure to the highway pavement that might lead to different issues such as fatigue and traffic damages. Such issues will lead to full repair of the damaged area, which is very costly, therefore a correct material selection is vital to obtain a good quality of highway pavement that is more resistant to stripping

Advancements and Challenges in Arabic Optical Character Recognition: A Comprehensive Survey

Optical character recognition (OCR) is a vital process that involves the extraction of handwritten or printed text from scanned or printed images, converting it into a format that can be understood and processed by machines. This enables further data processing activities such as searching and editing. The automatic extraction of text through OCR plays a crucial role in digitizing documents, enhancing productivity, improving accessibility, and preserving historical records. This paper seeks to offer an exhaustive review of contemporary applications, methodologies, and challenges associated with Arabic Optical Character Recognition (OCR). A thorough analysis is conducted on prevailing techniques utilized throughout the OCR process, with a dedicated effort to discern the most efficacious approaches that demonstrate enhanced outcomes. To ensure a thorough evaluation, a meticulous keyword-search methodology is adopted, encompassing a comprehensive analysis of articles relevant to Arabic OCR, including both backward and forward citation reviews. In addition to presenting cutting-edge techniques and methods, this paper critically identifies research gaps within the realm of Arabic OCR. By highlighting these gaps, we shed light on potential areas for future exploration and development, thereby guiding researchers toward promising avenues in the field of Arabic OCR. The outcomes of this study provide valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and stakeholders involved in Arabic OCR, ultimately fostering advancements in the field and facilitating the creation of more accurate and efficient OCR systems for the Arabic language

Endobronchial Lipoma: A Case Report

Endobronchial lipoma is a benign tumor of the large bronchi occurring in middle-aged men. The symptoms are those of obstructive pneumonitis mimicking bronchogenic carcinoma, and the result of delayed therapy may be bronchiectasis. Treatment includes local resection through a bronchoscope or a bronchotomy incision, or removal, if necessary, of the obstructed lobe or lung at thoracotomy. Smoking may be important in the pathogenesis of this tumor. Case:A 37 years old man presented with symptoms of asthma. X-ray showed unilateral inflation of the left lung. Flexible bronchoscope showed well circumscribed rounded mass in left main bronchus .CT scan raises the possibility of a benign intrabronchial mass. Surgical excision of the mass and subsequent histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of endobronchial lipoma. Discussion: Bronchoscopic resection should be considered as the first choice of treatment for endobronchial lipoma; however, surgical therapy is indicated for patients who show the possibility of a complicated malignant tumor, who have destructive peripheral lung disease, who have extrabronchial growth, or who may have technical difficulties during the bronchoscopic procedur