Recepció crítica del pensament de Löwith

En aquest article es repassen les recepcions que s'han fet del pensament de Karl Löwith. En elles es veu que el pensament de l'autor alemany va ser rebut amb diferents accents, entre els quals hi eren presents des dels prejudicis més evidents fins a la crítica més sincera i oberta d'aquest filòsof, que sobten per la seva gran distància entre elles, que sovint s'allunyen del context i de la situació personal de l'autor que considerem.In this study we are trying to oversee the different ways Karl Löwith’s philosophical ideas have been received. In fact, they have been read very differently: with a lot of biased opinions and with objective and open critique altogether. The reviews are far away one from the other, in such a way that may surprise the reader. Really very often they do not take the personal and the cultural environment of the german thinker ino account

Visceral leishmaniasis patients display altered composition and maturity of neutrophils as well as impaired neutrophil effector functions

Immunologically, active visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is characterised by profound immunosuppression, severe systemic inflammatory responses and an impaired capacity to control parasite replication. Neutrophils are highly versatile cells, which play a crucial role in the induction as well as the resolution of inflammation, the control of pathogen replication and the regulation of immune responses. Neutrophil functions have been investigated in human cutaneous leishmaniasis, however, their role in human visceral leishmaniasis is poorly understood. In the present study we evaluated the activation status and effector functions of neutrophils in patients with active VL and after successful anti-leishmanial treatment. Our results show that neutrophils are highly activated and have degranulated; high levels of arginase, myeloperoxidase and elastase, all contained in neutrophils’ granules, were found in the plasma of VL patients. In addition, we show that a large proportion of these cells are immature. We also analysed effector functions of neutrophils that are essential for pathogen clearance and show that neutrophils have an impaired capacity to release neutrophil extracellular traps, produce reactive oxygen species and phagocytose bacterial particles, but not Leishmania parasites. Our results suggest that impaired effector functions, increased activation and immaturity of neutrophils play a key role in the pathogenesis of VL

Phenotypic Alteration of Neutrophils in the Blood of HIV Seropositive Patients

We have recently identified a novel population of activated low-density granulocytes (LDGs) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HIV seropositive patients. LDGs have a similar morphology to normal density granulocytes (NDGs), but are phenotypically different. Here we measured the expression levels of different phenotypic markers of granulocytes in the blood of HIV seropositive patients at different stages of HIV infection to determine whether the phenotype of NDGs and LDGs are affected by disease severity. Our results reveal that the phenotype of NDGs, but not that of LDGs, varies according to the severity of the disease

Radiocirugía estereotáctica para el tratamiento de la epilepsia, el temblor esencial, la enfermedad de Parkinson, la neuralgia del glosofaríngeo y del trigémino: síntesis de su eficacia, efectividad, seguridad y eficiencia

Radiocirugia estereotàctica; Tractament; EficàciaRadiocirugía estereotáctica; Tratamiento; EficaciaStereotactic radiosurgery; Treatment; EffectivenessEl objetivo principal del informe es evaluar la seguridad, la eficacia, la efectividad clínica y el costeefectividad de la radiocirugía estereotáctica frente al tratamiento habitual para la epilepsia, el temblor esencial, el temblor asociado a la enfermedad de Parkinson y las neuralgias del glosofaríngeo y del trigémino. Se consideran cuando estas patologías son farmacorresistentes/refractarias.The aim of this report is to evaluate the safety, efficacy, clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of stereotactic radiosurgery versus standard treatment for epilepsy, essential tremor, tremor associated with Parkinson’s disease, and glossopharyngeal and trigeminal neuralgias, when these pathologies are drug-resistant/refractoryL’objectiu d’aquest informe és avaluar la seguretat, l’eficàcia, l’efectivitat clínica i el cost-efectivitat de la radiocirurgia estereotàctica davant del tractament habitual per a l’epilèpsia, el tremolor essencial, el tremolor associat a la malaltia de Parkinson i les neuràlgies del glossofaringi i del trigemin, quan aquestes patologies són farmacoresistents/refractàrie

Steinert's syndrome presenting as anal incontinence: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Myotonic dystrophy (MD) or Steinert's syndrome is a rare cause of chronic diarrhea and anal incontinence. In the presence of chronic diarrhea and fecal incontinence with muscle weakness, neuromuscular disorders such as myotonic dystrophy should be considered in the differential diagnosis.</p> <p>Case Presentation</p> <p>We present the case of a 45-year-old Turkish man with Steinert's syndrome, who was not diagnosed until the age of 45.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>In clinical practice, the persistence of diarrhea and fecal incontinence with muscle weakness should suggest that the physician perform an anal manometric study and electromyography. Neuromuscular disorders such as myotonic dystrophy should be considered in the differential diagnosis.</p