INFLUÊNCIA DE UM PROGRAMA DE TREINAMENTO FUNCIONAL SOBRE APTIDÃO CARDIORRESPIRATÓRIA E A CAPACIDADE FUNCIONAL EM INDIVÍDUOS COM SÍNDROME DE DOWN: UM ESTUDO PILOTO

Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have a sedentary lifestyle and, consequently, a low cardiorespiratory fitness and functional capacity, which can often negatively influence their daily activities. The objective was to verify the influence of an eight-week functional training program (TF) on functional capacity and cardiorespiratory fitness in individuals with DS belonging to the APAE school in the city of Tomazina-PR. The work was approved by CEP 1.215,776 five individuals with DS, aged between 17 and 35 years participated in the study, in which an intervention program was applied over an eight-week period consisting of ten functional physical exercises worked in the form of a circuit. The data were treated using non-parametric statistics and Gross Delta and percentage Delta (?%) of each variable. The level of significance adopted to verify changes between the pre and post intervention moments was (P> 0.05). The results indicated that after the TF program, there was an increase in the distance covered by all participants through the six-minute walk test (WT6m), with an average increase of 3.1% in the distance covered after the intervention. In relation to the Timed “Up and Go” (TUG) functional test, there was an average reduction in time of -12.66%, when compared to the pre-intervention moment. It`s possible conclude that the TF program presented itself as an accessible and viable tool, contributing to the improvement of the cardiovascular system and the functional mobility of individuals with DS.   Received on: 04/06/2020 Reformulated on: 06/142020 Accepted: 06/15/2020Indivíduos com síndrome de Down (SD), apresentam um estilo de vida sedentário e, consequentemente, uma baixa aptidão cardiorrespiratória e capacidade funcional, podendo muitas vezes influenciar de maneira negativa nas suas atividades de vida diária. Objetivou verificar a influência de um programa de treinamento funcional (TF) de oito semanas sobre a capacidade funcional e aptidão cardiorrespiratória em indivíduos com SD pertencentes à escola APAE da cidade de Tomazina-PR. O trabalho foi aprovado pelo CEP 1.215.776, participaram do estudo cinco indivíduos com SD, com idades entre 17 e 35 anos, nos quais foi aplicado um programa de intervenção no período de oito semanas constituído por dez exercícios físicos funcionais trabalhados em forma de circuito. Os dados foram tratados por meio de estatística não paramétrica e Delta Bruto e Delta percentual (?%) de cada variável. O nível de significância adotado para verificar alterações entre os momentos pré e pós intervenção foi de (P>0,05). Os resultados indicaram que após o programa de TF, verificou-se um aumento na distância percorrida por todos os participantes através do teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6min), com aumento médio de 3,1% na distância percorrida no momento pós intervenção. Em relação ao teste funcional Timed “Up and Go” (TUG), houve uma redução média no tempo de -12,66%, quando comparados ao momento pré-intervenção. Conclui-se que o programa de TF se apresentou como uma ferramenta acessível e viável, contribuindo para melhora do sistema cardiovascular e da mobilidade funcional dos indivíduos com SD.   Recebido em: 06/04/2020 Reformulado em: 14/06/2020 Aceito em: 15/06/2020 &nbsp

EFEITO DO TREINAMENTO FÍSICO SOBRE A FORÇA MUSCULAR DE JOVENS COM SÍNDROME DE DOWN

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar o efeito do treinamento resistido sobre a força muscular de jovens com Síndrome de Down (SD). Participaram 25 jovens SD, divididos em: Grupo controle (GC n=10) e Grupo treinamento resistido (GTR n=15). O treinamento teve duração de 12 semanas para o GTR, duas sessões semanais. Foram realizados antes e após o programa testes de 1-RM de remada alta e de cadeira extensora e teste de preensão manual. Foi feita estatística descritiva, comparações intra e entre grupos (teste t-Student) e correlação de Spearman. Os jovens apresentaram indicadores antropométricos preocupantes para uma boa saúde. O treinamento resistido provocou efeitos positivos na força muscular, sendo uma alternativa segura e benéfica para jovens com SD.

Blood Pressure and Hemodynamic Adaptations after a Training Program in Young Individuals with Down Syndrome

Background: Cardiovascular diseases affect people worldwide. Individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) have an up to sixteen-time greater risk of mortality from cardiovascular diseases. Objective: To evaluate the effects of aerobic and resistance exercises on blood pressure and hemodynamic variables of young individuals with DS. Methods: A total of 29 young individuals with DS participated in the study. They were divided into two groups: aerobic training (AT) (n = 14), and resistance training (TR) (n = 15). Their mean age was 15.7 ± 2.82 years. The training program lasted 12 weeks, and had a frequency of three times a week for AT and twice a week for RT. AT was performed in treadmill/ bicycle ergometer, at an intensity between 50%-70% of the HR reserve. RT comprised nine exercises with three sets of 12 repetition-maximum. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean blood pressure (MBP) and hemodynamic variables were assessed beat-to-beat using the Finometer device before/after the training program. Descriptive analysis, the Shapiro-Wilk test to check the normality of data, and the two-way ANOVA for repeated measures were used to compare pre- and post-training variables. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated to correlate hemodynamic variables. The SPSS version 18.0 was used with the significance level set at p < 0.05. Results: After twelve weeks of aerobic and/or resistance training, significant reductions in variables SBP, DBP and MBP were observed. Conclusion: This study suggests a chronic hypotensive effect of moderate aerobic and resistance exercises on young individuals with DS

Influence of skeletal maturation on physical fitness of young people with Down syndrome

Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) tend to prematurely reach the skeletal maturation period. In&nbsp;addition, young people with this condition have poor physical fitness and few opportunities to practice&nbsp;physical activity when compared to those without disabilities. The aim of this study was to investigate&nbsp;the skeletal maturation of young people with Down syndrome and its influence on the behavior of physical&nbsp;fitness related to health, after aerobic and resistance training programs. Forty people with DS, with an&nbsp;average age of 15.4 (± 2.6) years, were divided into three groups for a 12 weeks intervention program,&nbsp;AT - aerobic training group (3 times/week; 50 minutes/session), RT - resistance training group (twice/week ; 50 minutes/session) and CG - control group, 9 participants. Determination of skeletal age (EA)&nbsp;was performed using the Greulich-Pyle method. Anthropometric variables, muscle strength and peak&nbsp;VO2 were measured pre and post intervention. It was found that skeletal maturation influenced the&nbsp;effects of training, only being significant for body weight and strength in the upright row variables. In&nbsp;addition, the muscle strength of upper and lower limbs increased significantly after 12 weeks of aerobic&nbsp;or resistance training. Then, we can conclude that the effects of physical training on physical fitness of&nbsp;young people with Down syndrome appear to improve as the bone age increases

Effects of aerobic and resistance training on the cardiorespiratory fitness of young people with Down Syndrome

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of aerobic and resistance training on the maximal and submaximal cardiorespiratory fitness of young people with Down Syndrome (DS). Forty-one individuals of both sexes with Down syndrome (age, 15.51±2.70 y) were divided into three groups: CG (control group) with 10 participants; ATG group (aerobic training group) with 16 participants; and RTG (resistance training group) with 15 participants. The training program lasted 12 weeks, with frequency of 3 days a week for ATG and two RTG, and duration of 50 minutes per session. Aerobic training consisted of exercise on a treadmill/bike at intensity between 50 and 70% of reserve heart rate, while resistance training was composed of nine exercises performed on three sets of 12 maximum repetitions for each exercise. Aerobic and resistance training were not able to increase peak oxygen uptake. However, there was an increase in the maximum ventilation and a decrease of submaximal heart rate only for groups who participated in the training program. Moreover, the aerobic group increased work capacity after training. Training programs led to an improvement in cardiac efficiency during submaximal activities and increased maximum ventilation, which demonstrates a cardiorespiratory improvement