Impact du report des travaux routiers sur les coûts aux usagers de la route

Le présent mémoire doit être interprété comme une contribution aux efforts actuels dirigés vers une politique des investissements routiers à forte efficacité socio-économique. La contribution susmentionnée est constituée par une revue bibliographique et une analyse comparative, quand aux conséquences aux usagers, de travaux identiques réalisés sur un même tronçon de route à des moments différents, fine revue exhaustive de tous les outils existants permettant d'effectuer ce type d'analyse, le choix et la justification de l'outil retenu et son adaptation pour une affectation locale à l'autoroute Bonaventure et enfin la mise en oeuvre de cette analyse de travaux de réhabilitation identiques, réalisés à des moments différents, font l'objet de ce mémoire. En ce qui concerne les travaux identiques il s'agit de travaux de planage et pavage sur un kilomètre d'autoroute très circulée, plus précisément l'autoroute Bonaventure à Montréal. De point de vue moments différents, on a analysé trois options, à part celle de base, caractérisées par des moments de déclenchement des travaux différents. La première option, celle de base, constitue juste l'entretien de routine. La deuxième option constitue des travaux de planage pavage déclenchés dés que l'indice international de rugosité (IRI) atteint la valeur 5, les deux autres options représentant les mêmes travaux déclenchés au moment où l'IRI atteint la valeur de 3.2 respectivement 3.83. Le choix de ces valeurs de l'IRI est expliqué dans les chapitres 4 et 5. La durée choisie pour l'étude des trois options a été fixée à 15 ans afin de déterminer les effets sur les usagers à moyen ou long terme. L'outil retenu a été mis au point pour la Banque Mondiale, il s'agit du logiciel HDM-4, le choix retenu étant détaillé dans le chapitre 1. Les modèles de dégradation de chaussées sont ceux utilisés par défaut dans le logiciel HDM-4. Les données d'entrée sur la section étudiée sont réelles mais n'ont pas été acquises dans la même période, des différentes hypothèses étant prises et exposées dans les chapitres 4 et 5. Les deux derniers chapitres présentent les résultats ainsi qu'une interprétation à travers des tableaux et graphiques conçus d'une telle manière à rendre visible l'impact du retard des travaux sur les usagers. L'impact d'intervenir plus tôt, au bon moment, se traduit par une économie de l'ordre de 28 % sur les coûts aux usagers par rapport à l'option de base. D'autre part, les différences énormes des efforts budgétaires pour arriver à des résultats quasi-similaires de point de vue réduction des coûts aux usagers sont tout à fait surprenantes

Observaţii asupra entomofaunei din culturile de grâu colectată la capcanele de sol

The increase grain production is possible through the application of technology that involves the use of varieties with high yield, soil fertilization to provision according to their requirements, full mechanization of work and measures to prevent and combat specific pests and weeds. Regarding pests of grain crops grasses, they can cause annual havoc 13.8% compared to 11.6% produced by pathogens and weeds due to 9.5%. This paper presents the research on the epigenous entomofauna of wheat crops in 2016, in Focsani area used the traps type Barber and collecting biological material was conducted from May to July. The collection of the biological material was performed periodically on the following dates: 23.05; 07.06; 23.06; 07.07 using 18 traps belonging to the three experimental variants: •Variant 1 - wheat after sunflower; • Variant 2 - wheat after wheat; • Variant 3 - wheat after rape.The most commonly species found in this period are following the order: Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Orthoptera, Heteroptera, Diptera, Colembolla etc. They were collected in addition to insects, and species belonging to the Crustacea class with the Isopods order, and the Arachnida class with the Araneae order

Лапароскопическое хирургическое лечение эхинококковой кисты печени. Клинический случай: эхинококковая киста печени

Rezumat. Chistul hidatic hepatic este o parazitoză cauzată de stadiile larvare ale cestodului Echinococus granulosus, care este cea mai frecventă formă de hidatioză chistică umană. Boala hidatică este răspîndită în mai multe zone geografice ale lumii, însă o incidență mai mare a patologiei sînt țările mari crescătoare de ovine și caprine. În Republica Moldova datorită faptului că oieritul ocupă un loc important în economia națională, iar măsurile de profilaxie sunt precare, incidența patologiei este înaltă în toate regiunile, însă cea mai afectată fiind populația din raioanele de sud ale republicii unde acest indice depășește media pe țară de 3-4 ori. Scopul articolului este de a analiza rezultatele tratamentului chirurgical miniminvaziv laparoscopic. În acest articol este prezentat un caz clinic a unei paciente în vîrstă de 47 ani din mediul urban al zonei de centru al țării diagnosticată cu Boală hidatică a ficatului segmentul V-VI și tratată prin intervenție cu utilizarea instrumentarului laparoscopic fiind efectuată Echinococectomie laparoscopică cu perichistectomie laparoscopică. Pacienta a fost operată cu o evoluție postoperatorie favorbilă care a decurs fără complicații.Summary. Hepatic hydatid cyst is a parasitosis caused by the larval stages of the cestode Echinococus granulosus which is the most common form of human cystic hydatiosi. Hydatid disease is spread in several geographical areas of the world, but a higher incidence of the pathology is in large sheep and goat breeding countries. In the Republic of Moldova, due to the fact that mutton occupies an important place in the national economy, and the prevention measures are poor, the incidence of the pathology is high in all regions, but the most affected population is the population in the southern districts of the republic, where this index exceeds the national average of 3-4 times. The purpose of the article is to analyze the results of minimally invasive laparoscopic surgical treatment. This article presents a clinical case of a 47-year-old female patient from the urban environment of the center of the country diagnosed with hydatid disease of the liver segment V-VI and treated by intervention with the use of laparoscopic instruments, laparoscopic echinococcectomy with laparoscopic pericystectomy being performed. The patient underwent surgery with a favorable postoperative evolution that proceeded without complications.Резюме. Эхинококковая киста печени — это паразитоз, вызываемый личиночными стадиями цестоды Echinococus granulosus, которая является наиболее распространенной формой кистозного гидатиоза человека. Эхинококковая болезнь распространена во многих географических зонах мира, но наиболее высокая заболеваемость отмечается в странах где развито овцеводство. В Республике Молдова, в связи с тем, что производство баранины занимает важное место в народном хозяйстве и антипаразитарные меры профилактики слабые, заболеваемость патологией высока во всех регионах, но наиболее пораженным является население южных районов республики, где этот показатель превышает среднестатестический в 3-4 раза. Цель статьи - проанализировать результаты малоинвазивного лапароскопического лечения. В статье представлен клинический случай больной 47 лет из городской среды с диагнозом эхинококковая болезнь V-VI сегмента печени, оперировоная лапароскопическим методом и произведена эхинококкэктомия с лапароскопической перикистэктомией. Больная оперирована с благоприятным послеоперационным течением, протекавшим без осложнений

Опухоли почек у детей - опухоль Вильмса

Renal tumours represent between 4.4 and 6.3% of all malignant tumours of the children, which requires a thorough knowledge of the types of tumours that can appear at this age group with the purpose of diagnosing and adequately treating these pathologies.Tumorile renale reprezintă între 4,4% și 6,3% din formațiunile tumorale maligne ale populației pediatrice1, ceea ce face necesară o cunoaștere a tipurilor de formațiuni tumorale ce pot apărea la aceasta categorie de vârsta în scopul unui diagnostic si tratament adecvat.Опухоли почек составляют от 4,4 % до 6,3 % злокачественных опухолй в педиатрической популяции, что делает необходимым знание типов опухолей, которые могут возникать в этой возрастной группе, для правильной диагностики и лечения

TRUNK WITH FOLDING CROSSBARS, PATENT OSIM – RO NR. 130559/2019 PROPOSED FOR INSTALLATION ON THE DACIA – DUSTER CAR

The work presents a manner of implementation of an existing Romanian patent (OSIM - Ro Patent no. 130559/2019 which refers to a car trunk with folding crossbars), for its adaptation to the Dacia-DUSTER car, as a SMART trunk. The novelty element is that the trunk is designed in such a way that it can fold / hide inside the longitudinal bars when it is not used (leading to fuel savings), and respectively, it can be extended by folding to be put in a working position, when it becomes active. In addition, the trunk has possibilities of adjustment depending on the types / dimensions of the luggage transported and is integrated more harmoniously with the shape of the car's body, compared to the existing universa

К вопросу политики в здравоохранении по адаптации к экстремальным температурам окружающей среды в контексте изменения климата

The article discusses the principles and approaches of the development of health policies on adaptation to extreme air temperatures – high and low. Information on the heat and cold effects on health in the European region and the Republic of Moldova is provided as an argument for the development and implementation of a national action plan. An overview of the recommendations and developed policies in Europe and analysis of the national efforts to address the problem are given. The results of the literature review and of the national study show the necessity to address and solve the problem at the national level with specific and nonspecific measures of adaptation to extreme temperatures. It is concluded that it is necessary to create the early warning system, training of health professionals, collaboration with other sectors of the economy, as well as economic assessment of social damage as a result of these meteorological phenomena.В статье рассматриваются принципы и подходы по разработке политик в здравоохранении по адаптации к экстремальным температурам воздуха – высоким и низким. Приводятся сведения по воздействию жары и холода на здоровье населения в европейском регионе и в Республике Молдова как аргументация для разработки и внедрения Национального плана действий. Представлен обзор рекомендаций и уже разработанных политик в Европе и дан анализ национальных усилий по решению этой проблемы. Результаты библиографического обзора и проведенного исследования показывают необходимость рассмотрения и решения проблемы на национальном уровне с внедрением специфических и неспецифических адаптационных мер в условиях экстремальных температур. Заключается, что для адаптации к экстремальным температурам необходимо создание системы раннего предупреждения, обучение медицинских специалистов, сотрудничество с другими отраслями экономики, а также экономическая оценка социального ущерба в результате этих метеоявлений

Acute idiopathic polyradiculoneuritis with secondary arterial hypertension in a 5-year-old male Siberian Husky

Acute canine idiopathic polyradiculoneuritis (ACIP) is one of the most common generalised neuromuscular diseases affecting dogs. In this report, we describe a 5-year-old, 25-kg, male, intact, Siberian Husky dog with ACIP with secondary induced arterial hypertension fsystolic blood pressure [mean (m) ± standard deviation (sd)], 214 ± 19mmHg; mean blood pressure (m ± sd), 164 ± 6.36mmHg; and diastolic blood pressure (m ± sd), 137 ± 0.7mmHgg and sinus tachycardia. Heart rate variability analysis indicated decreased vagal activity (low root-meansquare values of successive RR interval differences and percentages of the RR intervals differing by more than 50ms in the entire recording) and predominance of sympathetic activity. Arterial hypertension was treated with amlodipine but remained greater than the upper limit for 51 days until the dog recovered ambulation. This is the first case report of ACIP and secondary arterial hypertension in a dog. Routine blood pressure measurements should be included in the monitoring of patients with ACIP if arterial hypertension might interfere with patient prognosis