5 research outputs found
A Heterogeneous Parallel Non-von Neumann Architecture System for Accurate and Efficient Machine Learning Molecular Dynamics
This paper proposes a special-purpose system to achieve high-accuracy and
high-efficiency machine learning (ML) molecular dynamics (MD) calculations. The
system consists of field programmable gate array (FPGA) and application
specific integrated circuit (ASIC) working in heterogeneous parallelization. To
be specific, a multiplication-less neural network (NN) is deployed on the
non-von Neumann (NvN)-based ASIC (SilTerra 180 nm process) to evaluate atomic
forces, which is the most computationally expensive part of MD. All other
calculations of MD are done using FPGA (Xilinx XC7Z100). It is shown that, to
achieve similar-level accuracy, the proposed NvN-based system based on low-end
fabrication technologies (180 nm) is 1.6x faster and 10^2-10^3x more energy
efficiency than state-of-the-art vN based MLMD using graphics processing units
(GPUs) based on much more advanced technologies (12 nm), indicating superiority
of the proposed NvN-based heterogeneous parallel architecture
DeePMD-kit v2: A software package for Deep Potential models
DeePMD-kit is a powerful open-source software package that facilitates
molecular dynamics simulations using machine learning potentials (MLP) known as
Deep Potential (DP) models. This package, which was released in 2017, has been
widely used in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, and material science
for studying atomistic systems. The current version of DeePMD-kit offers
numerous advanced features such as DeepPot-SE, attention-based and hybrid
descriptors, the ability to fit tensile properties, type embedding, model
deviation, Deep Potential - Range Correction (DPRc), Deep Potential Long Range
(DPLR), GPU support for customized operators, model compression, non-von
Neumann molecular dynamics (NVNMD), and improved usability, including
documentation, compiled binary packages, graphical user interfaces (GUI), and
application programming interfaces (API). This article presents an overview of
the current major version of the DeePMD-kit package, highlighting its features
and technical details. Additionally, the article benchmarks the accuracy and
efficiency of different models and discusses ongoing developments.Comment: 51 pages, 2 figure
Electrical-field-induced magnetic Skyrmion ground state in a two-dimensional chromium tri-iodide ferromagnetic monolayer
Using fully first-principles non-collinear self-consistent field density functional theory (DFT) calculations with relativistic spin-orbital coupling effects, we show that, by applying an out-of-plane electrical field on a free-standing two-dimensional chromium tri-iodide (CrI3) ferromagnetic monolayer, the Néel-type magnetic Skyrmion spin configurations become more energetically-favorable than the ferromagnetic spin configurations. It is revealed that the topologically-protected Skyrmion ground state is caused by the breaking of inversion symmetry, which induces the non-trivial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) and the energetically-favorable spin-canting configuration. Combining the ferromagnetic and the magnetic Skyrmion ground states, it is shown that 4-level data can be stored in a single monolayer-based spintronic device, which is of practical interests to realize the next-generation energy-efficient quaternary logic devices and multilevel memory devices