Interviewer Variation in Third Party Presence During Face-to-Face Interviews

The presence of a third person in face-to-face interviews constitutes an important contextual factor that affects the interviewee\u27s responses to culturally sensitive questions (Aquilino, 1997; Casterline and Chidambaram, 1984; Mneimneh et al., 2015; Pollner and Adams, 1994). Interviewers play an essential role in requesting, achieving, and reporting on the private setting of the interview. Our recent work has shown that the rate of interview privacy varies significantly across interviewers; while some interviewers report high rates of privacy among their interviews, others report low rates of privacy for the interviews they administered (Mneimneh et al., 2018). Yet, there is a lack of understanding of what explains such interviewer variation in interview privacy. Do certain interviewer characteristics such as experience, socio-demographics, and attitudes towards privacy explain such variations? What about the measurement quality of the privacy observation measures interviewers collect? Is it possible that section-specific measures (where the interviewer collects such observations right after questionnaire sections) show less interviewer variation than end-of-the-interview measures (the commonly used method of collecting interview privacy data) because of potential differential recall across interviewers? This paper explores these research questions for the first time using data from a national mental health survey conducted in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A total of 4000 face-to-face interviews were completed using a computer assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) mode. Interviewers were required to record their observations regarding the presence of a third person at the end of several questionnaire sections throughout the interview, in addition to recording this information about the overall presence of a third person at the conclusion of the interview. We use these two types of observations and measure the contribution of interviewer variation to these estimates. We then compare predictors of interview privacy for each of the two types of observations using a series of multilevel models focusing on the effect of interviewer-level characteristics (while controlling for respondent and household level characteristics). Findings from this paper will have important practical implications related to training interviewers on requesting, maintaining, and reporting information on the private setting of the interview

Chapter 9: Why do Interviewers Vary in Achieving Interview Privacy and Does Privacy Matter? Appendix 9

Appendix 9A Table A9A.1 Description and univariate distribution of measures used in models Appendix 9B Table A9B.1 Random Intercept Two Level Logistic Regression Model Predicting Third-party Presence during the Intervie

The Saudi National Mental Health Survey: Sample design and weight development

ObjectivesTo describe the sample design and weighting procedures used in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey (SNMHS).MethodsA multistage clustered area probability design was used to select the SNMHS sample with one male and one female KSA citizen ages 15- 65 surveyed in each sample household.ResultsA design representative of the household population was developed and modified iteratively to adjust for unanticipated field complications. These modifications, along with variation in within- household probabilities of selection and geographic- demographic variation in response rates were accounted for through survey weights. Design- based estimation methods were used to adjust for the effects of these weights and of geographic clustering. Design effects were estimated and simulations were carried out on bias- variancetrade- offs in weight trimming to evaluate the implication of design features for precision of estimates.ConclusionsThe multiple purposes of the survey will require the use of different weights for different types of analyses, including household and person weights as well as weights for proxy reports about household members whose disabilities prevented them from participating in the survey. It will be important to use these different weights appropriately in the diverse analyses that will be undertaken with the SNMHS data.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/162744/2/mpr1829.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/162744/1/mpr1829_am.pd

Outcome of Depression and Anxiety After War: A Prospective Epidemiologic Study of Children and Adolescents

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/106884/1/jts21895.pd

Hawkinsinuria With Direct Hyperbilirubinemia in Egyptian-Lebanese Boy

Tyrosinemia type III is the rarest type of tyrosinemia, because of a mutation in 4-OH-phenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPD). This causes two different types of diseases with different modes of inheritance: tyrosinemia type III and hawkinsinuria. Hawkinsinuria is an autosomal dominant disease, which presents a failure to thrive and metabolic acidosis; however, the liver is not affected. P.A33T heterozygous mutation was reported by Tomoeda et al. to cause hawkinsinuria. This case report will present the first case of an Egyptian-Lebanese male who developed direct hyperbilirubinemia and was found to have tyrosinemia type III, due to elevated tyrosine levels in the blood and tyrosine derivatives in the urine, but genetic testing revealed a P.A33T heterozygous mutation, a cause of hawkinsinuria

Implementing the TRAPD model for the Saudi adaptation of the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0

Abstract Background The World Mental Health-Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) 3.0, originally in English, is a fully-structured interview designed for the assessment of mental disorders. Although Arabic translations of CIDI from countries like Lebanon and Iraq exist, a Modern Standard Arabic translation was developed to suit the Saudi population. While the translation model used in the present paper has been used to translate instruments in Asian and European languages, there is no study to the best of our knowledge which has used this specific model to translate a validated instrument from English to Arabic. Case presentation This paper describes the Saudi adaptation of CIDI 3.0. The TRAPD team translation model—comprising of translation, review, adjudication, pretesting and documentation—was implemented to carry out the Saudi adaptation of CIDI 3.0. Pretests involving cognitive interviewing and pilot study led to translation revisions which consequently confirmed that Saudi respondents had a good understanding of various items of the instrument. The adaptation procedures for the Saudi CIDI 3.0 were well documented and the instrument was linguistically validated with the Saudi population. Conclusion The TRAPD model was successfully implemented to adapt the CIDI 3.0 to be used as the main survey instrument for the Saudi National Mental Health Survey, findings of which will provide health policy makers mental health indicators for health decision making and planning.https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/148144/1/13033_2019_Article_267.pd

The Saudi National Mental Health Survey: Methodological and logistical challenges from the pilot study

Several challenges exist in carrying out nationâ wide epidemiological surveys in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) due to the unique characteristics of its population. The objectives of this report are to review these challenges and the lessons learnt about best practices in meeting these challenges from the extensive piloting of the Saudi National Mental Health Survey (SNMHS), which is being carried out as part of the World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative. We focus on challenges involving sample design, instrumentation, and data collection procedures. The SNMHS will ultimately provide crucial data for health policyâ makers and mental health specialists in KSA.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138907/1/mpr1565.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138907/2/mpr1565_am.pd

The Saudi National Mental Health Survey: Survey instrument and field procedures

ObjectivesTo present an overview of the survey and field procedures developed for the Saudi National Mental Health Survey (SNMHS).MethodsThe SNMHS is a face- to- face community epidemiological survey of DSM- IV mental disorders in a nationally representative sample of the household population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) (n = 4,004). The SNMHS was implemented as part of the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative. WMH carries out coordinated psychiatric epidemiological surveys in countries throughout the world using standardized procedures designed to provide valid cross- national comparative data on prevalence and correlates of common mental disorders. However, these procedures need to be adapted to the unique experiences in each country. We focus here on the adaptations made for the SNMHS.ResultsModifications were needed to several interview sections and expansions were needed to address issues of special policy importance in KSA. Several special field implementation challenges also had to be addressed because of the need for female interviewers to travel with male escorts and for respondents to be interviewed by interviewers of the same gender.ConclusionsThoughtful revisions led to a high- quality field implementation in the SNMHS.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/162792/2/mpr1830.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/162792/1/mpr1830_am.pd