30 research outputs found
Phenolic compounds and biological activity of Capsicum annuum L.
The objective of this study was to evaluate antifungal and antioxidant activities of vegetable extracts (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Dora, cv. Strizanka, cv. Morava), grown in Serbia. Different experimental models have included the determination content of total phenolics, total flavonoids, antioxidant capacity and minimum inhibitory concentration of the extract. The phenolic composition of different extracts was determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The highest amounts of phenols and highest antioxidant capacity were found in the cultivar Dora extracts. The highest phenolic content has been shown in cultivar Strizanka ethanol extract. All of the extracts showed strong antimicrobial activity. On the basis of the results obtained, the extracts were found to serve as a potential source of natural antioxidants and antimicrobial due to their marked activity. The obtained results may be useful in the evaluation of new dietary and food products.Key words: High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), phenolic components, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity
Genotoksični efekat metanolskog ekstrakta biljke Cotinus Coggygria Scop. kod Drosophila Melanogaster
Plant extracts that appear to have favorable properties, may contain chemical
compounds with mutagenic, teratogenic and/or carcinogenic activity, and it is of great
importance to the inclusion of genotoxic approaches to toxicological evaluation of plant
extracts. Using a comet assay on eukaryotic model organism Drosophila melanogaster
in in vivo condition, potential genotoxic activity of the methanol extract of plant Cotinus
coggygria Scop. was determined. Treatment with the methanol extracts, at a
concentration of 1%, caused no significant changes compared to the negative control.
Based on the distribution of comet class and selected quantitative parameters (% DNA
in tail and tail length) it can be concluded that a methanol extract obtained from C.
coggygria at a concentration of 1% does not shows genotoxic activity.Uključivanje genotoksičnog pristupa u toksikološku evaluaciju biljnih
ekstrakata, koji i pored povoljnih svojstava mogu da sadrže komponente sa mutagenim,
teratogenim i/ili kancerogenim aktivnostima, je od velike važnosti. Primenom Komet testa
kod eukariotskog model organizma Drosophila melanogaster u in vivo uslovima
ispitivana je genotoksična aktivnost metanolskog ekstrakta biljke Cotinus coggygria Scop.
Тretman sa ekstraktom u koncentraciji od 1% nije uzrokovao statistički značajne promene
u odnosu na negativnu kontrolu. Na osnovu raspodela komet klasa i odabranih
kvantitativnih parametara može se zaključiti da ekstrakt biljke C. coggygria ne pokazuje
genotoksičnu aktivnost
Optimizacija parametara tehničkih rešenja za mašinsko branje koštičavog i jagodičastog voća
Mechanical harvest of fruit, primarly stone and berry fruit is desired task
toward posibbility defect of product which is in contact with limbs, part of machines as
well as when fruit fall on the ground. In this paper is shown technology-tehnical solution
for harvest of sherries, plums and raspberry. It is analysed specifics in harvest and shown
results tweak products in oscilation stalk of fruit. It is shown technology – technical
solution for mechanical harvest of raspberry.Mašinko branje voća, prvenstveno koštićavog i jagodičastog voća pretstavlja
zahtevan zadatak zbog mogućeg oštećenja plodova pri kontaktu plodova sa granama,
delovima mašine (uredjaja), kao i pri padu na podlogu. U radu su prikazana tehnološlko
tehnička rešenja za branje višanja, šliva i malina. Analizirane su specifičnosti pri branju i
dati prikazi i rezultati otkidanja plodova pri oscilovanju nosečih struktura plodova.
Prikazana su i razmatrana tehnološko tehnička rešenja pri mašinskom branju malina
Stanje, mogućnosti i perspektive oplemenjivačkih progarma krastavaca (Cucumis Sativus L.) u Srbiji
Climatic conditions provide growing cucumbers Serbia as an open field and in greenhouses. Growing in greenhouses makes it possible to fruits of cucumber from domestic production on the market for almost the entire year. This capability dramatically increases the economic efficiency and thereby directly encouraged producers to cultivation of this plant species.
Markets directly affected the characteristics of the fruit cucumbers that will be desired. This trend breeding companies must follow in order to offer farmers varieties that corresponds to preferences market. Also, farmers want high yield. The yield of cucumber is directly dependent on the expression of sex type plants.Klimatski uslovi Srbije omogućavaju gajenje krastavaca kako na otvorenom polju, tako i u zaštićenom prostoru. Gajenje u zaštićenom prostoru omogućava da se plodovi krastavca iz domaće proizvodnje mogu naći na tržištu skoro tokom celo godine. Ova mogućnost drastično povećava njegovu ekonomsku profitabilnost a time direktno podstiče prozvođače na gajenje ove biljne vrste.
Tržišta direktno utiču na karakteristike krastavaca koje će bit cenjene. Ovaj trend oplemenjivačke kompanije morju pratiti kako bi proizvođačima ponudile sortiment koji odgovara željama kupaca. Takođe, proizvođači zahtevaju i visok prinos. Prinos kod krastavca direktno zavisi od tipa polne ekspresije biljaka
Criteria Selection for the Assessment of Serbian Lignites Tendency to Form Deposits on Power Boilers Heat Transfer Surfaces
Based on investigations of ash deposit formation, semi-empirical indicators for slagging and fouling, based on ash chemical composition and its fusion temperature, have been determined These criteria-indicators, in suggested limits, describe the coals on which they are based (North-American and British) well. However, the experience in the thermal power production sector of Serbia shows that their literal application to domestic coals does not produce satisfactory results. This contribution provides an analysis of applicability and the choice of criteria that are suitable for Serbian coals. The focus of the contribution is on coal slagging indicators, since slagging has much heavier consequences on heat transfer inside the steam boiler, and on boiler operation as a whole. The basis for the analysis of chosen criteria comprises of the results of investigations of four coalfields - Kostolac, Kolubara, Kosovo (Serbia), and Ugljevik (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Karakteristike proizvodnje semena povrća u Srbiji
Seed production in the Republic of Serbia is a very important sector of agriculture.
This production is taking place in public and private sector. Although seed production in
Serbia can meet domestic demands, a certain amount of seed is being imported.
Unfortunately, some vegetable producers (except for organic, dynamic or bio
production) use a certain amount of vegetable seeds from their own mercantile
production. Crops produced from such seed generate low yields due to poor seed quality
(varietal impurity, low germination) and health.
The study covered four years (2007-2010) and the surfaces under the vegetable
crops aimed for seed production: 2007 (956 ha of seed produced in Serbia of which 64.9
ha produced by the Institute for Vegetable crops); 2008 (1152 in Serbia, 137 ha the
Institute); 2009 (1219 ha in Serbia, 242.1 ha the Institute); 2010 (976 ha in Serbia, 198.7
the Institute).Proizvodnja semena je veoma bitna sa aspekta održivosti poljoprivrede
jedne zemlje. U današnjoj eri sekvencioniranja, mapiranja i nadasve zaštite istraženih
sekvenci, ovakve tendencije predstavljaju mogućnost za objektivnu zavisnost od
istraživača (vlasnika) koji su odredili pojedine sekvence odgovorne za nasleđivanje
pojedinih - traženih osobina novoselekcionisanih sorata. Posebno poglavlje ove
problematike predstavljaju i GMO organizmi i njihova prezentacija širokoj proizvodnoj
praksi kroz novonastale selekcije. U Republici Srbiji nije dozvoljena upotreba GMO
selekcija ali smo svesni da se vrši pritisak na izmenu pozitivnih propisa i dozvolu
širenja upotrebe ovih organizama.
Semenarstvo Republike Srbije je veoma značajna grana poljoprivredne proizvodnje
kojom se u državu slivaju velike količine novca od prodaje semena domaćih selekcija.
Povrtarstvo je samo jedan mali segment ove proizvodnje, ali veoma bitan, kako za
domaće proizvođače –farmere koji se sve podložniji svetskim trendovima nastupa na
organizovanim tržištima a koji zahtevaju određene karakteristike gajenih sorti, tako i za
konzumente povrća. Ovi zahtevi savremenog tržišta najčešće su u suprotnosti sa
kvalitetom.
Današnje semenarstvo Srbije se odvija u državnom i privatnom sektoru. Iako
proizvodnja semena može podmiriti domaće potrebe, izvesna količina semena se
nabavlja uvozom. Ovaj uvoz je postojao i u vreme zatvorenog tržišta SFRJ, te su
smenske kompanije navikle na tržišnu utakmicu. Problem, a iskazala ga je i Evropska
Unija svojim zakonima, jeste da jedan deo povrtara, osim za organsku (dinamičku, bio
i dr proizvodnju), koriste određene količine semena povrća iz sopstvene merkantilne
proizvodnje. Ovakvi usevi ostvaruju niske prinose kako zbog kvaliteta semena (sortna
čistoća, klijavost), tako i zbog zdravstvene ispravnosti semena
Sortiment povrća koji nastaje u Republici Srbiji stvaran je u agroekološkim
uslovima Balkanskog poluostrva te je zato i našlo je tržište širom Balkana, a u poslednje
vreme, i Evrope. Cilj ovog rada je da se iskaže učešće u proizvodnji pojedinih
povrtarskih vrsta izraženo po površinama i u količinama Instituta za povrtarstvo d.o.o u
semenarskoj proizvodnji Srbije. Istraživani ciklus je obuhvatao 4 godine i u njemu je
proizvedeno seme povrća na 956 ha 2007 (64.9 ha), 1152 (137) 2008. godine, 1219 ha
(242.1ha) 2009. godine i 976 ha (198.7 ha) 2010. godine
Izbor genotipova paradajza na tolerantnost prema suši
Screening collections aimed to make the selection of genotypes tolerant to drought
in the vegetative stage of intensive growth of plants, which would start the program
selection to obtain recombinant genotypes according to the abiotic factor. The criteria
for screening were the diversity of genotypes for the number of sheets of the first flower
branches and number of flower branches into the optimal mode of irrigation regime and
reduced by 40 % . On the basis of the analysis genotypes: the number of leaves to the
first floral branch G 106, 114, 121 and 122 ( 0 % ), and genotype G102, 114, and 125
for the characteristic number of lateral branches.Paradajz je široko prilagođen različitim podnebljima gajenja, međutim,
njegov rast i razviće je prilično osetljiv na različite uslove spoljne sredine, uključujući
salinitet, sušu, vlagu, ekstremne temperature, mineralne toksičnosti, kao i zagađenje
životne sredine. Postoji ograničenje genetske varijacije za abiotičku toleranciju na stres
u okviru kultivisanih vrsta i većina komercijalnih sorti se smatraju umereno do veoma
osetljive na različite vrste stresa. Ispitivanje je izvršeno na 11 genotipa paradajza
poreklom iz populacije domaćih i odomaćenih genotipova prikupljenih iz Srbije, a
pripadaju kolekciji paradajza Instituta za povrtarstvo u Smederevskoj Palanci. Skrining
kolekcije imao je za cilj da se izvrši izbor genotipova tolerantnih na sušu u vegetativnoj
fazi intenzivnog porasta biljaka, čime bi se započeo program selekcije na dobijanje
rekombinovanih genotipova prema ovom abiotskom faktoru. Kriterijumi za skrining bili
su divergentnost genotipova za broj listova do prve cvetne grane i broj cvetnih grana u:
optimalnom režimu navodnjavanja i redukovanom režimu za 40%. Na osnovu izvedenih
analiza izdvojeni su genotipovi: za broj listova do prve cvetne grane G 106, 114, 121 i
122 (0%), kao i genotipovi G102, 114, i 125 za osobinu broja bočnih grana koji će
predstavljati bazu za dobijanje rekombinovanih genotipova i početak selekcije na
otpornost na sušu
Morfološke i hemijske analize novih linija pastrnka (Pastinaca sativa L.) Instituta za povrtarstvo
In Serbia, a parsnip is often grown vegetable gardens and the gardens, grown for
thickened roots that is used in spice who spravljanu delicious dishes. This paper
presents the results of 12 new genotypes breeding - line parsnip Institute of Vegetable
Crops Palanka. Their morphological and chemical characteristics were compared with
the standard variety Panonski smooth. In the three-year period from 2009 - of 2012
were analyzed by the following morphological characteristics: the average root weight,
the average weight of leaf, root collar diameter , the diameter of the root environment
and the emergence of secondary roots. Is determined by the chemical analysis of the dry
matter , the total minerals , total sugars , and water. The aim was to examine the quality
of new lines parsnip than the standard variety Panonski smooth and select the new lines
for the recognition of new varieties of parsnip Institute of Vegetable Crops.Pastrnak (Pastinaca sativa L.) pripada familiji Apiaceae, po svojim
prehrambenim i lekovitim svojstvima spada u red najvrednijih povrtarskih kultura. U
Srbiji pastrnak je često gajeno povrće po okućnicama i baštama,gaji se radi zadebljalog
korena koji se koristi ko začin pri spravljanu ukusnih jela. Koristan je za zdravlje jer
poboljšava apetit, pospešuje rad bubrega,deluje na smanjenje krvnog pritiska. U radu su
prikazani rezultati ispitivanja 12 novo selekconisanih genotipova- linija pastrnka
Instituta za povrtarstvo Palanka. Njihove morfološke i hemijske osobine upoređene su
sa standardnom sortom Panonski glatki. U trogodišnjem periodu od 2009 – 2012.godine
analizirane su sledeće morfološke osobine: prosečna masa korena, prosečna masa lista,
prečnik vrata korena, prečnik sredine korena i pojava sekundarnih korenova.
Hemijskom analizom određena je suva materija, ukupni minerali, ukupni šećeri i voda.
Cilj je bio da se ispita kvalitet novo stvorenih linija pastrnka u odnosu na standarnu
sortu Panonski glatki i odaberu nove linije za priznavanje novih sorti pastrnka Instituta
za Povrtarstvo
Upgrade Evaluation of Traffic Signal Assets: High-resolution Performance Measurement Framework
Agencies that have large-scale traffic signal systems under their purview often have to face asset upgrade decisions. As one of the most advanced traffic control technologies, Adaptive Traffic Control Systems (ATCS) are among the options that must be taken into consideration. Having in mind the complexity of benefits and costs stemming from ATCS investments, there is a need for information-rich performance measures (PM) used in the evaluation and decision-making. However, individual PMs are often not suitable for evaluating the multidimensionality of ATCS operations, due the inherent variability of ATCS control parameters. To expand the range of PMs used in ATCS evaluation, this research develops a new PM, i.e., average arrivals on green ratio, and proposes a refinement of average delay PM to account for queue formation. The paper also presents an application framework for a multi-criteria analysis, assuming a combination of the proposed and existing PMs. In addition to presenting the analytical PM formulation, the evaluation methodology uses microsimulation for a case study comparison between actuated-coordinated and ATCS operations. The results include a comparison between previous and proposed PMs, based on the processed simulation data as well as field data. In conclusion, the proposed PMs have a high transferability potential, low data collection cost, and high data quality, thus being suitable for use in decision processes for signal asset investment. Finally, this research opens up further opportunities for advancing decision-support methods for traffic operations asset management.Peer reviewe