Transmit FDE weight design for single-carrier space-time block coded joint transmit/receive diversity

Abstract — Single-carrier (SC) transmission using frequency-domain space-time block coded joint transmit/receive diversity (FD-STBC-JTRD) combined with transmit frequency-domain equalization (FDE) obtains full spatial diversity gain and fre-quency diversity gain. Channel state information (CSI) is re-quired only at transmitter for transmit FDE. In our previous study of SC FD-STBC-JTRD, single transmit FDE weight matrix was used. In this paper, noting that a sequence of data blocks is STBC encoded into a code-word composed of a new sequence of coded data blocks, we derive the optimal transmit FDE weight design. Multiple transmit FDE weight matrices, each associated with each coded block in a STBC code-word, are used unlike our previous transmit FDE weight design. Transmit FDE weight ma-trices are jointly optimized based on the minimization of the mean square error (MSE) between the transmitted signal before STBC encoding and the received signal after STBC decoding. We show by theoretical analysis that the optimal transmit FDE weight design can achieve 1/RSTBC times higher signal-to-interference plus noise power ratio (SINR) than our previous design (single transmit FDE weight matrix), where RSTBC denotes the STBC coding rate. And then, we show, by computer simula-tion, the optimal transmit FDE weight design achieves better bit error rate (BER) performance than our previous design. Keywords-component; Frequency-domain space-time coded joint transmit/receive diversity, transmit frequency-domain equalization, single-carrier transmission I

Stepwise development of Hematopoietic stem Cells from Embryonic Stem Cells

The cellular ontogeny of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) remains poorly understood because their isolation from and their identification in early developing small embryos are difficult. We attempted to dissect early developmental stages of HSCs using an in vitro mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation system combined with inducible HOXB4 expression. Here we report the identification of pre-HSCs and an embryonic type of HSCs (embryonic HSCs) as intermediate cells between ESCs and HSCs. Both pre-HSCs and embryonic HSCs were isolated by their c-Kit(+)CD41(+)CD45(−) phenotype. Pre-HSCs did not engraft in irradiated adult mice. After co-culture with OP9 stromal cells and conditional expression of HOXB4, pre-HSCs gave rise to embryonic HSCs capable of engraftment and long-term reconstitution in irradiated adult mice. Blast colony assays revealed that most hemangioblast activity was detected apart from the pre-HSC population, implying the early divergence of pre-HSCs from hemangioblasts. Gene expression profiling suggests that a particular set of transcripts closely associated with adult HSCs is involved in the transition of pre-HSC to embryonic HSCs. We propose an HSC developmental model in which pre-HSCs and embryonic HSCs sequentially give rise to adult types of HSCs in a stepwise manner

Advanced moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of the rectum with favorable prognosis by postoperative chemoradiation

Rectal neuroendocrine carcinoma is rare with poor prognosis. We report herein a case of advanced moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of the rectum with relatively favorable prognosis treated by postoperative adjuvant chemoradiation therapy. A 58-year-old Japanese female was referred and colonofiberscopy revealed an easy-bleeding irregular tumor in the lower rectum, which was pathologically diagnosed as a neuroendocrine carcinoma. Surgical treatment consisted of abdominoperineal resection and lymph node dissection. The tumor invaded deeply into perirectal tissues, and 9 of 11 lymph node metastases were observed. Immunohistochemically, chromogranin A showed diffuse and strong staining, and the MIB-1 labeling index was 18.3 ± 5.6, supporting the high proliferation of the tumor. Some nucleus of the tumor showed positive staining for p21/WAF1. A total dose of 46 Gy of radiotherapy was delivered with 800 mg of daily oral doxifluridine. At 5 years post-surgery, the patient demonstrated no clinical evidence of intrapelvic recurrence or distant metastases

Hyperleptinemia is associated with hypertension in Japanese males

Leptin is a hormone which is predominantly secreted by adipose tissue. Recent studies have shown that leptin increases arterial blood pressure. Although data from available animal studies clearly indicate an association between leptin and hypertension, results of human studies have been less definitive. We conducted a case-control study to examine the association between serum leptin levels and hypertension in 111 hypertensive subjects and 222 male controls, using conditional logistic regression analyses. Mean serum leptin levels were found to be marginally higher in the case subjects than in the control subjects (3.3 ng/ml versus 3.0 ng/ml), however, conditional logistic regression analysis revealed that subjects in the highest quartile had a significantly increased risk of hypertension compared with those in the lowest quartile, even after adjusting for drinking status and diabetes mellitus (adjusted OR, 2.11;95% CI, 1.01-4.39). Our findings suggest that leptin plays an important role in the development of hypertension.</p

The use of graphite oxide to produce mesoporous carbon supporting Pt, Ru, or Pd nanoparticles

Mesoporous carbon having platinum, ruthenium or palladium nanoparticles on exfoliated graphene sheets were produced from graphite oxide (GO) and metal complexes. The Pt included carbon was made by heating of the intercalation compound including tetraammineplatinum (II) chloride monohydrate. Samples having Ru or Pd are producible by heating in nitrogen gas atmosphere using hexaammineruthenium (III) chloride or tetraamminepalladium (II) chloride monohydrate instead of Pt complex. The particle sizes of platinum, ruthenium, and palladium were, respectively, 1–3, 1–2, and 3–7 nm. The platinum- or palladium-containing sample showed catalytic activity for oxygen reduction

Antimicrobial Property of Titanium Plates Treated with Silica-Bound Protamine

Antimicrobial activity is necessary for dental prosthetic devices to maintain oral and systemic health in elderly people wearing prostheses. In particular, dental prosthetic devices with antifungal properties are urgently needed to prevent aspiration pneumonia. However, practical application methods to deliver antimicrobial properties to dental prosthetic devices have not yet been established. Therefore, in this study we aimed to fix protamine on titanium plates treated with silica coating using a Silano-Pen, and to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of the titanium plates against Candida albicans. Strong antifungal properties were obtained by soaking titanium plates in an aqueous protamine solution after silica coating treatment. Since this brand-new method is simple, its practical application is expected in the near future