リョウイク オ ウケテ イル コドモ ノ ハハオヤ イシキ ノ ヘンカ : ジドウ デイ サービス オ リヨウ シテ イル ハハオヤ ノ フリカエリ カラ

The purpose of this study was to investigate effectiveness mothers felt by using Day service for Children. For this purpose, awareness changes of the mothers were researched. We analyzed the data collected through semi-structured interviews with three mothers having children with developmental worries under the therapeutic educations. In the interviews, they told their awareness about some periods and matters of their children. In the interviews, that they were embarrassed to use Day care service for their own children at first, but gradually felt it necessary to get therapeutic education, and using Day service for Children were beneficial for them finally were told. Besides, it gave the mothers many chances to communicate with other mothers who were in similar situation and the therapeutic education specialists. The specialists thought about children with the mothers, and talked mothers' secrets and worries. They could change attitude toward their children and understand their children better. The Day service for Children also plays an important role for mothers to get relieved. Some mothers could understand the individuality of their children through using Day service for Children. They could deal with their children properly or at least believed that they can, even if they concerned about their children. The result of this research suggested that using Day service for Children is effective for not only children but also mothers

Anti-centromere antibody-seropositive Sjögren's syndrome differs from conventional subgroup in clinical and pathological study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To clarify the clinicopathological characteristics of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) with anti-centromere antibody (ACA).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Characteristics of 14 patients of pSS with ACA were evaluated. All patients were anti-SS-A/Ro and SS-B/La antibodies negative (ACA+ group) without sclerodactyly. The prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP), titer of IgG and focus score (FS) in the minor salivary glands (MSGs) were determined. Quantification analysis of Azan Mallory staining was performed to detect collagenous fiber. Forty eight patients in whom ACA was absent were chosen as the conventional (ACA-) pSS group.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Prevalence of ACA+ SS patients was 14 out of 129 (10.85%) pSS patients. RP was observed in 61.5% of the patients with ACA. The level of IgG in the ACA+ group was significantly lower than that of the ACA- group (p = 0.018). Statistical difference was also found in the FS of MSGs from the ACA+ group (1.4 ± 1.0) as compared with the ACA- group (2.3 ± 1.6) (p = 0.035). In contrast, the amount of fibrous tissue was much higher in the ACA+ group (65052.2 ± 14520.6 μm²versus 26251.3 ± 14249.8 μm²) (p = 1.3 × 10^-12).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Low cellular infiltration but with an increase in fibrous tissues may explain the clinical feature of a high prevalence of RP and normal IgG concentration in ACA+ pSS.</p

シシュンキ ノ コソダテ フアン シャクド ノ サクセイ

This study attempted to construct mother's childcare anxiety scale in adolescence. In order to construct the scale we administered it to the mothers. Exploratory factor analysis found three main factors within a total of 28 items. Factor 1 was named anxiety of child's relationship with friends and the uneasiness of mothers to cope with child's behavior ; factor 2 was named mother's anxiety about the support from her husband and from the people around ; factor 3 was named anxiety for child's school life and his behavior. The means of each factor are 2.59, 2.37, and 2.65. These results suggested that mother's childcare anxiety was not so high, but existed some peculiar anxiety about children in adolescence

Femtosecond Laser Direct Write Integration of Multi-Protein Patterns and 3D Microstructures into 3D Glass Microfluidic Devices

Microfluidic devices and biochips offer miniaturized laboratories for the separation, reaction, and analysis of biochemical materials with high sensitivity and low reagent consumption. The integration of functional or biomimetic elements further functionalizes microfluidic devices for more complex biological studies. The recently proposed ship-in-a-bottle integration based on laser direct writing allows the construction of microcomponents made of photosensitive polymer inside closed microfluidic structures. Here, we expand this technology to integrate proteinaceous two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) microstructures with the aid of photo-induced cross-linking into glass microchannels. The concept is demonstrated with bovine serum albumin and enhanced green fluorescent protein, each mixed with photoinitiator (Sodium 4-[2-(4-Morpholino) benzoyl-2-dimethylamino] butylbenzenesulfonate). Unlike the polymer integration, fabrication over the entire channel cross-section is challenging. Two proteins are integrated into the same channel to demonstrate multi-protein patterning. Using 50% w/w glycerol solvent instead of 100% water achieves almost the same fabrication resolution for in-channel fabrication as on-surface fabrication due to the improved refractive index matching, enabling the fabrication of 3D microstructures. A glycerol-water solvent also reduces the risk of drying samples. We believe this technology can integrate diverse proteins to contribute to the versatility of microfluidics

Morphological transformation of sensory ganglion neurons and satellite cells

The development of sensory ganglion neurons and satellite cells examined by scanning electron microscopy after removal of the connective tissue is reviewed. Sensory neurons are bipolar at early stages of development and later became pseudounipolar. This maturation event starts earlier but proceeds more slowly in chick than in rat embryos. These may due to the difference in the extent and intimacy of satellite cell investments between these two animal species. The neuronal perikaryal projections are observed by scanning electron microscopy after removal of the connective tissue and satellite cells. The morphometric analysis reveals that perikaryal projections are more numerous on the surface of mature pseudounipolar neurons than on that of premature bipolar neurons; they increase in number as the neuronal cell bodies grow larger. This may support the hypothesis that perikaryal projections are structural devices for increasing the neuron-satellite interface and for improving the efficiency of metabolic exchange between these two cell types.The important role of satellite cells in neuronal maturation is discussed.Biomedical Reviews 2000; 11: 39-52

Media 1: Implementation of spatial overlap modulation nonlinear optical microscopy using an electro-optic deflector

Originally published in Biomedical Optics Express on 01 October 2013 (boe-4-10-1937

3D Biomimetic Chips for Cancer Cell Migration in Nanometer-Sized Spaces Using “Ship-in-a-Bottle” Femtosecond Laser Processing

Cancer cells undergo dramatic morphology changes when migrating in confined spaces narrower than their diameter during metastasis, and thus it is necessary to understand the deformation mechanism and associated molecular events in order to study tumor progression. To this end, we propose a new biochip with three-dimensional (3D) polymer nanostructures in a closed glass microfluidic chip. “Ship-in-a-bottle” femtosecond laser processing is an exclusive technique to flexibly create 3D small details in biochips. The wavefront correction by the spatial light modulator significantly improves the fabrication resolution of this technique. The device could then accommodate defect-free 3D biomimetic nanoconfigurations for the evaluation of prostate cancer cell migration in confined spaces. Specifically, polymeric channels with widths of ∼900 nm, which is more than one order of magnitude smaller than the cell size, are integrated by femtosecond laser inside glass channels. The cells are responsive to an in-channel gradient of epidermal growth factor and can migrate a distance greater than 20 μm. After migration, the cells suffer partial cytokinesis, followed by fusion of the divided parts back into single cell bodies

compAll2.mov

z-stack of 3PEF and 2PEF images of a fixed mouse brain stained with DAPI and SYTO83, acquired using (top left) 3PEF-TF, (top right) 3PEF-ITF, (bottom left) 2PEF-TF and (bottom right) 2PEF-ITF microscopies

Effect of the Size and Position of Ion-Accessible Nanoholes on the Specific Capacitance of Single-Walled Carbon Nanohorns for Supercapacitor Applications

We explore the importance of the size and position of nanoholes on the electrochemical performance of single-walled carbon nanohorn (SWCNH)-based supercapacitors using an ionic liquid electrolyte. The oxidized sample at 673 K showed a low specific capacitance per unit of internal specific surface area (4.0 μF cm^–2), as the nanoholes created on the tips of SWCNHs via a selective chemical attack are too small to introduce electrolyte ions. For a sample oxidized at 723 K, the enlarged diameter of the nanoholes on the tips allows electrolyte ions to penetrate into the internal spaces of the SWCNHs, thereby resulting in a 2-fold capacitance improvement (8.6 μF cm^–2). However, the abrupt decrease in the capacitance of the oxidized SWCNHs at 823 K (3.8 μF cm^–2) can be explained by the selective formation of nanoholes on the sidewalls of the SWCNHs, where the small interstitial pores restrict ion diffusion to deeply positioned nanoholes on the sidewalls of the SWCNHs. Our study clearly reveals that the size and position of nanoholes with regard to ion accessibility are crucial factors to improve the capacitive performance of SWCNH-based supercapacitors