74 research outputs found
嗅上皮の再生におよぼす神経成長因子の影響
金沢大学医学部附属病院抗NGFR抗体を用いた免疫組織化学的手法により、嗅上皮の再生にはNGFRが関与していることが証明されたが、NGFの免疫組織化学法はなかなかうまくいかなかった。そこで、マウスNGFcDNAを用いたinsituハイブリダイゼーション法により嗅覚系におけるNGFの発現を観察した。用いたプローブはマウスNGFcDNAの一部である340bpを含むプラスミドDNAのpmNGF102である。このDNAにニックトランスレーション法を用いてビオチンを標識して使用した。標本は成熟雄マウス及びラットの顎下腺、嗅球、嗅上皮で、顎下腺は正常コントールとして用いた。固定液は4%パラフォルムアルデヒドを用いた。凍結切片でマウス顎下腺、嗅球で陽性所見を認めたが、マウス嗅上皮及びラットの組織では反応が弱く判定不能であった。また、パラフィン切片では反応は全く認められなかった。手技的にはプロテイナーゼK処理及び塩酸処理は必須であり、それらを行わない場合陽性反応は認めなかった。また、ハイブリダイゼーションの時間及び条件としては20時間、37度で最も良好な結果を得られた。15EA03:今後の検討課題は次の4点である。1)嗅細胞の再生時、発生発達時のNGFの発現の有無を観察する。2)パラフィン切片でも観察できるような処理法を検討する。3)NGFRの免疫組織化学との二重染色。4)insitu ハイブリダイゼーションの電子顕微鏡への応用。研究課題/領域番号:05771310, 研究期間(年度):1993出典:研究課題「嗅上皮の再生におよぼす神経成長因子の影響」課題番号05771310(KAKEN:科学研究費助成事業データベース(国立情報学研究所)) (https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05771310/)を加工して作
アルツハイマー病における嗅覚障害の臨床的ならびに基礎的研究
金沢大学医学部研究課題/領域番号:03771143, 研究期間(年度):1991出典:研究課題「アルツハイマー病における嗅覚障害の臨床的ならびに基礎的研究」課題番号03771143(KAKEN:科学研究費助成事業データベース(国立情報学研究所)) (https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03771143/)を加工して作
嗅覚系における神経成長因子の機能に関する研究
金沢大学医学部・附属病院発達加齢時及び嗅神経切断,嗅球除去後の再生時における嗅覚伝導路でのNGFファミリーの受容体の発現を,高親和性受容体をコードしているtrkグループの遺伝子産物(trk,trkB,trkC)に対する抗体を用いて免疫組織化学的に検討した.発達加齢過程においては,trkの発現を全期間を通じて嗅細胞,嗅神経線維,嗅球糸球体層に認め,特に嗅細胞では胎生16〜18日目に,嗅球では生後10日目に強く認めた.trkB及びtrkCに関しては正常発達及び加齢過程において発現は認めなかった.嗅糸切断及び嗅球嗅除去後の発現に関しては,trkは障害7日後から嗅細胞に発現したが,嗅糸切断例では切断21日後には正常と変わらぬまでに減少したのに対して,嗅球除去例では障害後長期間発現の増加が持続した.また,嗅球においては嗅糸切断例で切断21日後から発現を認めたのに対し,嗅球除去例では発現を認めなかった.また,trkB及びtrkCに関しては障害後一過性に嗅神経線維に発現を認めるのみであった.以上の結果から,嗅細胞の発達,成熟ならびに再生にはNGFが重要な役割を演じていることが推察された.また,従来嗅球にNGFが豊富に存在することが知られており,嗅細胞の再生に影響を及ぼすものと考えられていたが,今回の実験結果から,嗅細胞の再生に関するNGFは嗅細胞あるいは嗅粘膜レベルで産生されている可能性が示唆された.次に,嗅球及び嗅粘膜にNGFを投与する実験を行った.投与方法としては微小浸透圧ポンプ及び脳内注入装置(いずれもalzet社製)を用いて3日間にわたり持続注入を行った.その結果に関しては現在,まだ充分な結果が得られておらず,検討中である.研究課題/領域番号:06771401, 研究期間(年度):1994出典:研究課題「嗅覚系における神経成長因子の機能に関する研究」課題番号06771401(KAKEN:科学研究費助成事業データベース(国立情報学研究所)) (https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06771401/)を加工して作
嗅覚系の加令変化に関する組織化学的検討
金沢大学医学部附属病院マウス嗅上皮および嗅球における神経栄養因子受容体の発現を,発達期から老化時まで経時的に,免疫組織化学的に観察した.用いた抗体はtrkA,trkB,trkCに対する抗体で,それぞれ神経成長因子,脳由来神経栄養因子,ならびにニューロトロピン3の高親和性受容体に対する抗体として使用されているものである.その結果,trkA(高親和性神経栄養因子受容体)の発現は胎生14日から老化時まで嗅細胞,嗅球糸球体に認め,中でも胎生16日目が最も発現が強く,成熟するにつれ,また,老化にともない発現は減少した.その間,発現が強い時期においては,嗅細胞の細胞体および軸索に発現していたが,発現の弱い老化マウスでは,細胞体での発現はわずかで,神経軸索(嗅神経繊維束)にのみ発現を認めた.trkB(高親和性脳由来神経栄養因子受容体)は全期間を通して発現を認めなかった.trkC(ニュウロトロピン3受容体)は胎生18日から生後3日にかけて嗅球に発現を認めたが,嗅上皮には発現を認めなかった.以上の結果から,嗅覚伝導路の発達,成熟ならびに生存維持には神経成長因子が重要な役割を演じていることが推察された.また,抗神経成長因子抗体を用いた実験も同時に行ったが,意義ある結論は得られなかった.その他,カルノシン,神経接着因子,PCNA,セロトニンならびにドパミンに対する抗体を用いて同様の研究を現在行っているところである.研究課題/領域番号:07771437, 研究期間(年度):1995出典:研究課題「嗅覚系の加令変化に関する組織化学的検討」課題番号07771437(KAKEN:科学研究費助成事業データベース(国立情報学研究所)) (https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07771437/)を加工して作
Expression and Localization of the Cell Adhesion Molecule SgIGSF during Regeneration of the Olfactory Epithelium in Mice
Spermatogenic immunoglobulin superfamily (SgIGSF) is a cell adhesion molecule originally discovered in mouse testis. SgIGSF is expressed not only in spermatogenic cells but also in lung and liver epithelial cells and in neurons and glia of the central and peripheral nervous systems. In the present study, we examined the expression and localization of SgIGSF in mouse olfactory epithelium before and after transection of the olfactory nerves, by RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. In normal olfactory mucosa, SgIGSF showed 100 kDa in molecular weight, which was identical with that in the lung but different from that in the brain. SgIGSF was expressed on the membrane of all olfactory, sustentacular and basal cells, but more abundantly in the apical portions of the olfactory epithelium where the dendrites of olfactory cells are in contact with sustentacular cells. After olfactory nerve transection, mature olfactory cells disappeared in 4 days but were regenerated around 7–15 days by proliferation and differentiation of basal cells into mature olfactory cells through the step of immature olfactory cells. During this period, both the mRNA and protein for SgIGSF showed a transient increase, with peak levels at 7 days and 11 days, respectively, after the transection. Immunohistochemistry showed that the enriched immunoreactivity for SgIGSF at 7–11 days was localized primarily to the membrane of immature olfactory cells. These results suggested that, during regeneration of the olfactory epithelium, the adhesion molecule SgIGSF plays physiological roles in differentiation, migration, and maturation of immature olfactory cells
Cricoid ossification mimicking an impacted foreign body.
金沢大学医学部附属病院耳鼻咽喉科A 54-year-old man complained of severe throat pain and showed subglottic oedema on fibre-optic endoscopy with a distinctly narrowed subglottic space on anteroposterior radiography of the neck and dense linear opacity at the level of the cricoid cartilage on lateral plain radiography. These findings suggested a foreign body just posterior to the cricopharyngeus, but a computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated a dense calcified ridge on the posterior lamina of the cricoid cartilage but no foreign body.The patient improved symptomatically with systemic antibiotics and topical steroids, and gastrointestinal endoscopy did not detect any foreign body. This is a rare case of vertical ossification of the cricoid lamina masquerading as a foreign body
The Half-life of Ascaris lumbricoides Prevalence in Japanese School Children
In the present study, we examined the dynamic of school-health-based parasite control and the related socio-economic influences. This is an ecological study based on data from 46 prefectures in Japan. The exponential decay of Ascaris lumbricoides prevalence was calculated by iterative least-squares method. Pearsonʼs correlation and multiple linear regression model analysis were performed to assess the associations between the prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides in Japanese school children and socio-economic variables such as the prefecture income per capita, the percentage of primary industry,
the population density per 1 km2, the diffusion rate of population under water supply, and the percentage of upper secondary school enrollment. The results indicated that the parasite carrier rate was higher in younger students. The half-life of Ascaris lumbricoides prevalence was approximately 3 years with significant variation among prefectures. Multiple regression analyses showed that the decrease of infection in elementary and lower secondary school children had a significant positive association with primary industry and a significant negative association with prefecture income per capita. The school-health-based parasite intervention differs by prefecture and has changed over time according to the respective prefectural stage of economic development.</p
Thallium transport and the evaluation of olfactory nerve connectivity between the nasal cavity and olfactory bulb
金沢大学医学部附属病院耳鼻咽喉科Little is known regarding how alkali metal ions are transported in the olfactory nerve following their intranasal administration. In this study, we show that an alkali metal ion, thallium is transported in the olfactory nerve fibers to the olfactory bulb in mice. The olfactory nerve fibers of mice were transected on both sides of the body under anesthesia. A double tracer solution (thallium-201, 201Tl; manganese-54, 54Mn) was administered into the nasal cavity the following day. Radioactivity in the olfactory bulb and nasal turbinate was analyzed with gamma spectrometry. Auto radiographic images were obtained from coronal slices of frozen heads of mice administered with 201Tl or 54Mn. The transection of the olfactory nerve fibers was confirmed with a neuronal tracer. The transport of intranasal administered 201Tl/54Mn to the olfactory bulb was significantly reduced by the transection of olfactory nerve fibers. The olfactory nerve transection also significantly inhibited the accumulation of fluoro-ruby in the olfactory bulb. Findings indicate that thallium is transported by the olfactory nerve fibers to the olfactory bulb in mice. The assessment of thallium transport following head injury may provide a new diagnostic method for the evaluation of olfactory nerve injury. © The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved
Olfactory Nomenclature: An Orchestrated Effort to Clarify Terms and Definitions of Dysosmia, Anosmia, Hyposmia, Normosmia, Hyperosmia, Olfactory Intolerance, Parosmia, and Phantosmia/Olfactory Hallucination
BACKGROUND: Definitions are essential for effective communication and discourse, particularly in science. They allow the shared understanding of a thought or idea, generalization of knowledge, and comparison across scientific investigation. The current terms describing olfactory dysfunction are vague and overlapping. SUMMARY: As a group of clinical olfactory researchers, we propose the standardization of the terms "dysosmia," "anosmia," "hyposmia," "normosmia," "hyperosmia," "olfactory intolerance," "parosmia," and "phantosmia" (or "olfactory hallucination") in olfaction-related communication, with specific definitions in this text. KEY MESSAGES: The words included in this paper were determined as those which are most frequently used in the context of olfactory function and dysfunction, in both clinical and research settings. Despite widespread use in publications, however, there still exists some disagreement in the literature regarding the definitions of terms related to olfaction. Multiple overlapping and imprecise terms that are currently in use are confusing and hinder clarity and universal understanding of these concepts. There is a pressing need to have a unified agreement on the definitions of these olfactory terms by researchers working in the field of chemosensory sciences. With the increased interest in olfaction, precise use of these terms will improve the ability to integrate and advance knowledge in this field
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