ヨウゴ ガッコウ ジドウ セイト ノ セイカツ リズム チョウサ

It is important to keep one\u27s daily rhythms (sleep-wake patterns, meals, exercise) regular to ensure a healthy life, especially for children who are disabled. In this study, we conducted a survey about the daily rhythms of children with disabilities. Fifty-eight guardians of students attending a school for handicapped children answered a questionnaire about their child\u27s daily rhythms. The results showed that many of the students have problems with their daily rhythms, particularly with their sleep habits, and also that the children didn\u27t engage in sufficient physical exercise each day. However, students who engaged in rhythmic movement (i.e., Para-Para dancing) reported fewer problems in their daily rhythms than those who did not

Z-Spectrum analysis provides proton environment data (ZAPPED): a new two-pool technique for human gray and white matter.

A new technique - Z-spectrum Analysis Provides Proton Environment Data (ZAPPED) - was used to map cross-relaxing free and restricted protons in nine healthy subjects plus two brain tumor patients at 3T. First, MT data were acquired over a wide symmetric range of frequency offsets, and then a trio of quantitative biomarkers, i.e., the apparent spin-spin relaxation times (T2,f, T2,r) in both free and restricted proton pools as well as the restricted pool fraction Fr, were mapped by fitting the measured Z-spectra to a simple two-Lorentzian compartment model on a voxel-by-voxel basis. The mean restricted exchangeable proton fraction, Fr, was found to be 0.17 in gray matter (GM) and 0.28 in white matter (WM) in healthy subjects. Corresponding mean values for apparent spin-spin relaxation times were 785 µs (T2,f) and 17.7 µs (T2,r) in GM, 672 µs (T2,f) and 23.4 µs (T2,r) in WM. The percentages of Ff and Fr in GM are similar for all ages, whereas Fr shows a tendency to decrease with age in WM among healthy subjects. The patient ZAPPED images show higher contrast between tumor and normal tissues than traditional T2-weighted and T1-weighted images. The ZAPPED method provides a simple phenomenological approach to estimating fractions and apparent T2 values of free and restricted MT-active protons, and it may offer clinical useful information

(a) Malignant lymphoma images with ROIs.

<p>(b) ZAPPED maps of F_f, F_r, T_2,f, and T_2,r.</p

ZAPPED maps of F_f, F_r, T_2,f, and T_2,r in the two slices through the basal ganglia and cerebellum.

<p>Note that excellent contrast and image quality were obtained in the cerebellum region, and a complicated stripe pattern is displayed.</p

Measured Z-spectra (red) of GM (left) and WM (right), and fitted curves (blue) on a logarithmic scale.

<p>The model assumes that there are two exchangeable proton components: restricted (green) and free (black).</p

Calculated fractions F_f, F_r and T₂ values T_2,f, and T_2,r in GM (top) and WM (bottom) in nine healthy subjects.

<p>Calculated fractions F_f, F_r and T₂ values T_2,f, and T_2,r in GM (top) and WM (bottom) in nine healthy subjects.</p

Z-spectrum fractions F_f, F_r and apparent relaxation times T_2,f, and T_2,r from deep GM and WM in a 38-year-old female volunteer.

<p>Z-spectrum fractions F_f, F_r and apparent relaxation times T_2,f, and T_2,r from deep GM and WM in a 38-year-old female volunteer.</p

Color maps of nine healthy volunteers

<p>(a) Fraction map of the free exchangeable component, F_f, (b) Fraction of the restricted exchangeable component, F_r, (c) T_2,f map, and (d) T_2,r map. Note that the F_r maps are just reflections of the F_f maps since F_r + F_f = 1.</p