Comparative Studies on the Reproductive and Productive Traits of New Hampshire and Sombor Crested Chicken Breeds Reared in Semi-Extensive Production System

Research was conducted on New Hampshire (in further text NH) and Sombor Crested (in further text SC) breeds which were kept in semi extensive system. 56 birds of each breed were used (50 females and 6 males) in the experiment. 100 eggs from every chicken breed were used for natural hatching, and remained eggs were sold. From the total number of the naturally incubated eggs, 83 (NH) and 85 (SC) chickens were hatched, and they were used for the study of performance and related parameters. Eggs and chickens originating from NH breed were statistically significantly heavier (P<0.001; P<0.01) compared with SC breed. Egg shape index and chicken percentage in egg weight were significantly higher at SC (P<0.001; P<0.05) compared to NH breed. Very strong positive correlation was determined between egg weight and chicken weight in both breeds. Very weak negative correlation was determined between egg weight and relative chicken intake in the egg weight. Similarly, between egg shape index and chicken weight, negative correlation coefficient was determined in both breeds. However, between egg shape index and chicken percentage, statistically significant (P<0.001) negative correlation coefficient was determined in NH breed. Significant (P<0.05) positive correlation for the same performances was determined in SC breed

New Evidences on Domestication of the Horse (Equus Ferus Caballus) and Origine of Domestic Mountain Pony

The results of draft genome research of permafrost horse bone dated approximately 560-780 (kyr BP) have been published recently. According to the data representing the oldest full genome sequence compared to the modern genomes of domesticated horse, Przewalskii and donkey it was suggested that the Equus lineage gave rise to contemporary horses, zebras and donkeys some 4.0 to 4.5 million years ago, twice increasing the assumed time to the common ancestor. Upon the phylogenetic and divergence analyses it was estimated that the Przewalskii and domestic horse populations diverged some 38-72 kyr BP and that there are no evidences that admixtures between Przewalskii and domestic horse populations occurred post-divergently thus Przewalskii’s involvement in the process of horse domestication has been excluded. The new data on ancient equide genome question the conventional theory on the origin of Domestic mountain pony. Upon the protein variability of the Domestic mountain pony the influence of diluvial genome on the population was confirmed and this finding differed from the conventional theory stating E. f. Przewalskii and E. ferus caballus as ancestors of the autochthonous population. The role of different ancestral horses in evolution of our autochthonous population is therefore unclear. The questions emerging from the most recent genetic and proteomic research in concern with the autochthonous populations are presented in the paper

Korelaciona povezanost između tjelesne mase prije klanja i klaničnih randmana trupova brojlerskih pilića različitih provenijenci

The aim of this study was to determine the strength of the correlation of phenotypic correlation between body weight before slaughter and meat yield (slaughter yields) chickens two hybrids (Coob 500 and Hubbard) at different ages which is closely related to the current demand in the market of Bosnia and Herzegovina (RS) and the environment and whether consumers are interested in one - portion "chicken" or prefabricated meats. The determined data in this paper are to some extent are reaching the conclusion to which the period reasonably imaginative broiler chickens of Cobb 500, Hubbard or in relation to the fact that the hybrid show more fattening and carcass value.Cilj ovog rada је da se utvrdi jačina fenotipske korelacione povezanosti između tjelesne mase prije klanja i prinosa mesa (klanični randmani) pilića dvije provenijence (Coob 500 i Hubbard) u različitom uzrastu što je usko povezano sa trenutnom potražnjom na tržištu BiH (RS) i okoline, odnosno da li su potrošači zainteresovani za jednoporcijskim „piletom“ ili konfekcionisanim mesom. Utvrđeni pokazatelji u radu su u određenoj mjeri omogućili donošenje zaključka do kog je perioda opravdano toviti brojlerske piliće hibrida Cobb 500, odnosno Hubbard u odnosu na činjenicu koji će hibrid pokazati bolje tovne i klanične vrijednosti

Analiza tehnologije i rezultata proizvodnje jaja za konzum na farmi „Natura“

Poultry raising in recent decades developed into a significant economic sector. Contemporary production are high-quality meat and eggs to feed all the people. Eggs of domestic poultry are most appreciated food product and are an important and rich source of protein, vitamins and minerals. The great advantage of the egg as food is good digestibility. The aim is to conduct an analysis of production technology and results of egg colored shell for consumption proveniences Isabrown, in the course of a production cycle on the farm "Natura", Bosnia and Herzegovina (Serbian Republic). Based on analysis of the applied technologies of production on the farm, as well as the production of the results, we can conclude that if the farm operates, and whether it is in accordance with the norms of the selecionera hybrids.Živinarstvo se posljednjih decenija razvilo u značajnu privrednu granu. Savremenom proizvodnjom dobijaju se visokokvalitetno meso i jaja za ishranu svih kategorija ljudi. Jaja domaće živine su najcjenjeniji prehrambeni proizvod i predstavljaju veoma važan i bogat izvor proteina, vitamina i mineralnih materija. Velika prednost jajeta kao namirnice je dobra svarljivost. Cilj rada je uraditi analizu tehnologije proizvodnje i rezultata proizvodnje jaja obojene ljuske za konzum provenijence Isabrown, u toku jednog proizvodnog ciklusa na farmi „Natura“, Bosna i Hercegovina (Republika Srpska). Na osnovu analize same primijenjene tehnologije proizvodnje na farmi, kao i dobijenih rezultata proizvodnje, može se zaključiti da li farma posluje, te da li je u skladu sa normativima samog selecionera hibrida

Uticaj starosti nosilja na dnevni utrošak hrane po nosilji i jajetu

Intensive poultry production enables high reproductive ability of poultry, fast growth, short generation interval and a high degree of food utilization. For such intensive production, it is necessary to provide the best possible feed mixture, completely balanced the needs of production, with, at the same time takes into account the cost-effectiveness of the same, that is, production profitable. It is a known fact that the diet most important / most expensive paragentski factor that has a direct impact on production. The aim of the study was to determine the feed consumption per week of production and correlation of age hens of commercial flock of Lohmann Brown, grown on the farm DOO "Rakic Commerce" Batkovic - Bijeljina, and living utoška food per hen and living utoška food per egg for four age groups: SN20 , SN28, SN48 and SN72. For that period daily feed consumption per hen was slightly higher than the norm, but the consumption of food produced per egg was at a high level. By calculating the correlation of phenotypic correlation between age hens and daily food consumption per hen and egg produced can be concluded that in this particular case is justified hens used in the production of table eggs about 12 months.Intenzivnu živinarsku proizvodnju omogućavaju visoka reproduktivna sposobnost živine, brz porast, kratak generacijski interval i visok stepen iskorišćavanja hrane. Za ovako intenzivnu proizvodnju, neophodno je obezbijediti što kvalitetniju krmnu smješu, potpuno izbalansiranu prema potrebama proizvodnje, s tim, da se istovremeno vodi računa o ekonomičnosti iste, odnosno da je proizvodnja isplativa. Poznata je činjenica da je ishrana najbitniji/najskuplji paragentski faktor koji direktno utiče na proizvodnju. Cilj rada je bio utvrditi utrošak hrane po nedjeljama proizvodnje kao i povezanost starosti nosilja komercijalnog jata Lohmann Brown, gajenog na farmi DOO „Rakić Komerc“ Batković – Bijeljina, i dnevnog utoška hrane po nosilji i dnevnog utoška hrane po jajetu kroz četiri starosne grupe: SN20, SN28, SN48 i SN72. Za navedeni period dnevni utrošak hrane po nosilji je bio nešto veći od normativa, ali je utrošak hrane po proizvedenom jajetu bio na zavidnom nivou. Izračunavanjem fenotipske korelacione povezanosti između starosti nosilja i dnevnog utroška hrane po nosilji i po proizvedenom jajetu može se zaključiti da je u konkretnom slučaju opravdano nosilje koristiti u proizvodnji jaja za konzum oko 12 mjeseci

Uticaj starosti na važnije proizvodne osobine krava u tipu Simentalca

The aim of this study was to determine the productive traits of cows Simmental breed reared in the breeding area or farm "Planinsko good" Nevesinje, Serbian Republic, Bosnia, or more precisely determine the age of heifers (cows) at first, second and third fertilization (pregnancy), productivity milk in the first three lactations. Special emphasis is given to determining the strength and significance of correlation connection, calculating the correlation coefficients of correlation (rp), between the ages (age) heifers (cows) at first insemination productivity of cows in first three lactations (production - whole and standard lactation), and therefore and make specific findings of research conducted. Based on all the above, it can be said that the farm "Planinsko good" Nevesinje in the analyzed period, achieved satisfactory results in terms of productivity. milk production, namely household, according to the selection plan aimed high milk production, which was achieved in the period analyzed.Cilj ovog rada bio je utvrđivanje produktivnih osobina krava u tipu simentalske rase gajenih na farmi „Planinsko dobro“ Nevesinje, Republika Srpska, BiH, Istraživanje je obuhvatilo utvrđivanje starosti junica (krava) pri prvoj, drugoj i trećoj oplodnji (bremenitosti), kao i produktivnost mlijeka u prve tri laktacije. Poseban naglasak je dat na utvrđivanje jačine i značajnosti korelacione povezanosti, izračunavanjem koeficijenata korelacije (rp) između uzrasta (starosti) junica (krava) pri prvoj oplodnji i produktivnost krava u prve tri laktacije (proizvodna i standardna laktacija). Na osnovu svega izloženog može se reći da je farma „Planinsko dobro“ Nevesinje u analiziranom periodu postigla zadovoljavajuće rezultate u pogledu produktivnosti, tj. proizvodnje mlijeka, tačnije gazdinstvo je prema selekcijskom planu imalo za cilj visoku proizvodnju mlijeka, što je i ostvareno u analiziranom periodu

Proizvodne performanse brojlerskih roditelja u toku produkcije jaja za nasad

When growing broiler breeder important to achieve the highest possible production of eggs, with minimal mortality hens and roosters, and that the smaller daily feed consumption per head, or produced breeding egg. To determine production characteristics of broilers Cobb 500 parents conducted research on the flock through the 38 weeks of production. During the study are accompanied by the following production parameters: the mortality of parents and the intensity of load hatching eggs, it is also the goal of this work. Based on the results obtained during the research, in terms of production traits, it can be concluded that investigated the parent flock of heavy hybrid Cobb 500 proved satisfactory genetic potential in relation to the regulations Breeders Cobb 500.Prilikom gajenja brojlerskih roditelja bitno da se ostvari što veća proizvodnja jaja, uz minimalna uginuća nosilja i pijetlova, kao i da je što manja dnevna potrošnja hrane po grlu, odnosno proizvedenom priplodnom jajetu. Za utvrđivanje proizvodnih osobina brojlerskih roditelja hibrida Cobb 500 sprovedena su istraživanja na matičnom jatu kroz 38 nedjelja proizvodnje. Tokom istraživanja praćeni su sljedeći proizvodni parametri: mortalitet roditelja i intenzitet nosivosti priplodnih jaja. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata tokom istraživanja, u pogledu proizvodnih osobina, može se zaključiti da je ispitivano matično jato teškog hibrida Cobb 500 pokazalo zadovoljavajući genetski potencijal u odnosu na propise selekcionera hibrida Cobb 500