Determination of staphylococcal enterotoxins in cheese by immunoenzyme assays

Staphylococcal food poisoning is one of the most common foodborne diseases resulting from the ingestion of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) preformed in foods by enterotoxigenic strains of coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS), mainly Staphylococcus aureus. The presence of enterotoxigenic strains of coagulase-positive staphylococci in raw milk during the production process leads to the contamination of products and outbreaks of alimentary intoxication. The problem of Staphylococcus aureus in cheese remains significant on a global level. Domestic cheese contaminated with enterotoxigenic staphylococci can result in the formation of enterotoxin, which can produce foodborne illness when the product is ingested. Due to microbiological contamination, microbiological criteria are tools that can be used in assessing the safety and quality of foods. In order to avoid foodborne illness, the Serbian Regulation on General and Special Conditions for Food Hygiene (Official Gazette of RS, No. 72/10) provides microbiological criteria for staphylococcal enterotoxins in dairy products

Estimation of uncertainty of trypsin inhibitor activity measurement in legume crops

Irradiation of legume seeds has emerged as an attractive alternative compared to conventional chemical treatments in seed production. Irradiation is also used for the decontamination of food and feed in order to increase the shelf-life of fresh and dry food materials. The effects of irradiation on nutritive and anti-nutritive factors such as trypsin inhibitors are usually reported together with the measurements obtained by using the quantitative analytical methods. The objective of this study was to measure trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA) of common bean cultivar Oplenac using the microtiter plate method and to identify factors that contribute to the uncertainty of TIA measurement according to the current Guide to the Expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM). Dominant sources of uncertainty of TIA measurement were: absorbance measurements of sample and positive control reaction mixtures and preparation of the final sample solution using a graduated cylinder (V4). Absorbance measurement of sample reaction mixtures took 37.8% of the overall measurement uncertainty. Preparation of the final sample solution using a graduated cylinder (V4) and absorbance measurement of positive control reaction mixture contributed to the overall uncertainty with 35.1% and 15.8%, respectively. Acquired insight into factors that contribute to the uncertainty of TIA measurement gives directions for the improvement of TIA testing methods and TIA results management

Some Fixed Points Results in b-Metric and Quasi b-Metric Spaces

We present a fixed point result in quasi b-metric spaces. Our result generalizes recent fixed point results obtained by Aleksit et al., Dung and Hang, Jovanovit et al., Sarwar, and Rahman and classical results obtained by Hardy, Rogers, and Cirie. Also, we obtain a common fixed point result in b-metric spaces. As a special case, we get a result of Cirie and Wong

Effects of epidural anesthesia on I and II delivery stage and on a newborn

Background/Aim. Epidural anesthesia (EA) is the most efficient method of pain reduction and its total elimination during delivery. The aim of this study was to establish an influence of EA on the first and the second part of delivery process, frequency of vacuum extractor and forceps appliance, and the effect of EA on the newborn. Methods. A total of 360 patients with EA were analyzed at delivery and 1 130 controls without EA. Both groups had vaginal delivery. In both groups deliveries were stimulated by 10 IU of oxytocin in 500 mL of crystalloid solvent, with 15-20 drops per minute. As anaesthetic, Bupivacain (0,25% or 0, 125%) was used by the 18 G catheters Braun and Wigon. Level of application was L2-L3 part of spine. Results. The results of this study indicate that deliveries with EA were shorter in duration, but also had much more vacuum extractor and forceps appliance (over 2.5 times) than those without EA. Apgar score was significantly higher in the experimental group with multiple deliveries. However, there was no significant deference between average Apgar score of newborns of patients with EA and that of newborns of patients without EA. Conclusion. Application of EA decreases duration of delivery, and has no any adverse effects on newborns

On d*-Complete Topological Spaces and Related Fixed Point Results

In this paper, we introduce the concept ofd*-complete topological spaces, which include earlier defined classes of complete metric spaces and quasib-metric spaces. Further, we prove some fixed point results for mappings defined ond*-complete topological spaces, generalizing earlier results of Taskovic, Ciric and Presic, Presic, Bryant, Marjanovic, Yen, Caccioppoli, Reich and Bianchini

A Common Fixed Point Theorem for Nonlinear Quasi-Contractions on b-Metric Spaces with Application in Integral Equations

In this paper, we present a common fixed point result for a pair of mappings defined on a b-metric space, which satisfies quasi-contractive inequality with nonlinear comparison functions. An application in solving a class of integral equations will support our results

On d*-Complete Topological Spaces and Related Fixed Point Results

In this paper, we introduce the concept ofd*-complete topological spaces, which include earlier defined classes of complete metric spaces and quasib-metric spaces. Further, we prove some fixed point results for mappings defined ond*-complete topological spaces, generalizing earlier results of Taskovic, Ciric and Presic, Presic, Bryant, Marjanovic, Yen, Caccioppoli, Reich and Bianchini

Mortalitet osoba lišenih slobode u penalnom sistemu

The main aim of this research is to determine the scope, dynamics, and structure of deaths of persons deprived of their liberty who resided in the penal system due to custody, security measures, serving a prison sentence or an alternative sanction, with regard to their demographic, criminological, penal, and psychological characteristics. Article 111, paragraph b of the United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty (1990) determines that deprivation of liberty refers to any kind of detention, imprisonment, i.e. placement in a public or private institution which the imprisoned person cannot leave, by order of judicial, administrative or other public authority. The data used included information on persons deprived of their liberty who died in the territory of the Republic of Serbia in the period from 2008 to 2012. The data was obtained from The Directorate for Execution of Criminal Sanctions of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Serbia. In the past, researches mainly focused on violence in prisons, death penalty, prison riots, auto-aggressive behavior, i.e. certain forms of mortality such as a suicide. This paper aims to point out the characteristics of deaths which occur while persons deprived of their liberty are under the authority of judicial institutions, both before and after passing a criminal sanction.Osnovni cilj istraživanja je sagledavanje obima, dinamike i strukture smrtnih slučajeva koji su nastali tokom lišenja slobode osoba koje su boravile u penalnom sistemu usledpritvora, mera bezbednosti, izvršenja zatvorske ili alternativne sankcije, a u zavisnosti od njihovih demografskih osobina, kriminološko-penoloških i psiholoških karakteristika. Pravila Ujedinjenih nacija o zaštiti maloletnika lišenih slobode (1990) u članu 111, stav b, određuju da se lišenje slobode odnosi na bilo koju vrstu pritvaranja, zatvaranja odnosno smeštanja lica u javnu ili privatnu ustanovu koju zatvoreno lice ne može slobodno da napusti, po nalogu sudske, upravne ili druge javne vlasti. Korišćene su informacije o licima lišenim slobode koja su preminula na teritoriji Republike Srbije u periodu od 2008. do 2012. godine. Podaci su dobijeni od strane Uprave za izvršenje krivičnih sankcija Ministarstva pravde Republike Srbije. Uproteklom periodu interesovanje istraživača je bilo usmereno uglavnom naproučavanje nasilja u zatvorima, izvršenje smrtne kazne, pobune osuđenih, autoagresivno ponašanje odnosno na pojedine oblike mortaliteta kao što je samoubistvo. Ovaj rad nastoji da ukaže na karakteristike mortaliteta koji nastaje dok su za lica lišena slobode nadležne pravosudne institucije, bilo da je reč o periodu pre ili nakon izricanja krivične sankcije

Spin Squeezing as a Probe of Emergent Quantum Orders

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments can reveal local properties in materials, but are often limited by the low signal-to-noise ratio. Spin squeezed states have an improved resolution below the Heisenberg limit in one of the spin components, and have been extensively used to improve the sensitivity of atomic clocks, for example. Interacting and entangled spin ensembles with non-linear coupling are a natural candidate for implementing squeezing. Here, we propose measurement of the spin-squeezing parameter that itself can act as a local probe of emergent orders in quantum materials. In particular, we demonstrate how to investigate an anisotropic electric field gradient via its coupling to the nuclear quadrupole moment. While squeezed spin states are pure, the squeezing parameter can be estimated for both pure and mixed states. We evaluate the range of fields and temperatures for which a thermal-equilibrium state is sufficient to improve the resolution in an NMR experiment and probe relevant parameters of the quadrupole Hamiltonian, including its anisotropy

Uticaj oblika kaviteta u restorativnoj stomatologiji na raspodelu napon-deformacija u dentinu i gleđi izazvanoj polimerizacijom

In restorative dentistry it is common practice to replace amalgams with resin based dental composites, with minimal or no additional cavity preparation. Polymerization shrinkage of dental composites causes stress, whose influence is transferred to tooth tissue which may result in the occurrence of micro-cracks and post-operative pain. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of different cavity shapes on stress and strain distribution which occurred due to composite shrinkage. Toward this aim, experimental (Digital Image Correlation method – DIC) and numerical (finite element method – FEM) techniques are used. The numerical model is verified by comparing its results with those obtained by experimental methods. Upon verification, the 3D model of the cavity is modified to develop two new models with the same tooth geometry, but different cavity shapes, in order to determine the effect of their shapes on stress distribution. It is determined that the thickness of dentine around the cavity plays a significant role in stress and strain distribution.U restorativnoj stomatologiji je učestala praksa zamene amalgama stomatološkim kompozitima na bazi smole, uz minimalnu dodatnu pripremu kaviteta ili bez nje. Polimerizacijsko skupljanje stomatoloških kompozita prouzrokuje napon, čiji se uticaj prenosi na zubno tkivo, što može dovesti do pojave mikroprslina i postoperativnih bolova. Cilj ovog rada je da se odredi uticaj različitih oblika kaviteta na raspodelu napona i deformacija. izazvanih skupljanjem kompozita. U tu svrhu su korišćene eksperimentalna metoda korelacije digitalnih slika (DIC) i numerička metoda konačnih elemenata (FEM). Numerički model je verifikovan poređenjem rezultata proračuna sa rezultatima dobijenim eksperimentalnom metodom. Nakon verifikacije, postojeći 3D model kaviteta je modifikovan u cilju dobijanja dva nova modela sa istom geometrijom zuba i različitim oblicima kaviteta, kako bi se odredio uticaj ovih oblika na raspodelu napona. Utvrđeno je da debljina dentina oko kaviteta igra značajnu ulogu u raspodeli napona i deformacija