Veiling and unveiling Hawthorne's Fuller mystery

Vita.Eight years after Margaret Fuller's death and just after hearing gossip about the "boor," the "hymen," that he called her "clownish husband," Nathaniel Hawthorne confronted directly for the first time the "riddle" of Fuller's character. The "solution," he decided as he wrote in his notebook, was that she had suffered a "total collapse ... morally and intellectually." When Julian Hawthorne published in 1884 his father's extensive description of Fuller's "defective and evil nature," he repositioned his father in American literary history as a champion of antifeminist domestic values, and he destroyed Fuller's reputation. If Julian succeeded in "veiling" Hawthorne's complex attitudes toward Fuller in an ideologically-charged, reductive animosity, this study attempts to "unveil" Hawthorne's ambivalent relationship with Fuller by examining it more thoroughly than has heretofore been attempted. "There never was such a tragedy as her whole story," Hawthorne claimed in 1858, but as this study demonstrates, the narrative of Fuller's fall inscribed bitterly in that notebook entry was neither his first nor last revision of the tragedy he wrote her life to be. Quite simply, Fuller had disturbed Hawthorne for a very long time, disturbed him so much that he wrote some of his most powerful fictions in an attempt to resolve the "riddle" of his ambivalent, powerful attraction to her--"Rappaccini's Daughter," The Scarlet Letter, The Blithedale Romance, The Marble Faun. She was more than simply a partial "model" for the most complex and provocative women characters in his fiction, as critics have occasionally proposed; she was the origin of their very conception, the problem at their heart that Hawthorne could best confront and attempt to resolve through the privacy and the control provided by the veiled allegories of narrative representation. Hers was the voice that Hawthorne continued to hear and respond to in the literary dialogue that he continued with her after their friendship was interrupted in 1844, after even, long after, her death

The intention/foresight distinction in the Doctrine of Double Effect: from theoretical impasses and double-think to practical applications in bioethics

The purpose of this paper is to address the doubts that surround the intention/foresight distinction of the Doctrine of Double Effect (DDE). The claim is made by some that this distinction is merely a semantic one or if real, it is morally irrelevant. It will be argued that this is the result of doubts that surround the contributions of theory in applied ethics and the double think that sometimes results from the misuse of the DDE. I will argue that the intention/foresight distinction in the DDE is a real one and can be made on the level of practice, without the need for theoretical support. In order to see this it is necessary to understand several things. First one must appreciate the historical development and context of the DDE. Secondly, is the need to understand the deontological framework from which the DDE grew a framework in which intention figures prominently though not exclusively. I further argue that one must appreciate the difference between theory and practice as seen in the difference between a theoretical and practical epistemology. Lastly, it will be argued that the DDE is better used as a principle of explanation rather that a principle of justification. Then based on what has been discussed I will give to two examples of possible illegitimate uses of the intention/foresight distinction in DDE in the area of bioethics and note why they are problematic. Then I will provide examples of two legitimate use of the intention/foresight distinction in the DDE and note why they are legitimat

Experimentally driven atomistic model of 1,2 Polybutadiene

We present an efficient method of combining wide angle neutron scattering data with detailed atomistic models, allowing us to perform a quantitative and qualitative mapping of the organisation of the chain conformation in both glass and liquid phases. The structural refinement method presented in this work is based on the exploitation of the intrachain features of the diffraction pattern and its intimate linkage with atomistic models by the use of internal coordinates for bond lengths, valence angles and torsion rotations. Atomic connectivity is defined through these coordinates that are in turn assigned by pre-defined probability distributions, thus allowing for the models in question to be built stochastically. Incremental variation of these coordinates allows for the construction of models that minimise the differences between the observed and calculated structure factors. We present a series of neutron scattering data of 1,2 polybutadiene at the region 120-400K. Analysis of the experimental data yield bond lengths for C-C and C=C of 1.54Å and 1.35Å respectively. Valence angles of the backbone were found to be at 112° and the torsion distributions are characterised by five rotational states, a three-fold trans-skew± for the backbone and gauche± for the vinyl group. Rotational states of the vinyl group were found to be equally populated, indicating a largely atactic chan. The two backbone torsion angles exhibit different behaviour with respect to temperature of their trans population, with one of them adopting an almost all trans sequence. Consequently the resulting configuration leads to a rather persistent chain, something indicated by the value of the characteristic ratio extrapolated from the model. We compare our results with theoretical predictions, computer simulations, RIS models and previously reported experimental results

The use of scattering data in the study of the molecular organisation of polymers in the non-crystalline state

This research was funded by the Polytechnic of Leiria and FCT (Portugal) through UC4EP PTDC/CTM-POL/7133/2014) and UID/Multi/04044/2019, the University of Reading and EPSRC (UK).Scattering data for polymers in the non-crystalline state, i.e., the glassy state or the molten state, may appear to contain little information. In this work, we review recent developments in the use of scattering data to evaluate in a quantitative manner the molecular organization of such polymer systems. The focus is on the local structure of chain segments, on the details of the chain conformation and on the imprint the inherent chemical connectivity has on this structure. We show the value of tightly coupling the scattering data to atomistic-level computer models. We show how quantitative information about the details of the chain conformation can be obtained directly using a model built from definitions of relatively few parameters. We show how scattering data may be supplemented with data from specific deuteration sites and used to obtain information hidden in the data. Finally, we show how we can exploit the reverse Monte Carlo approach to use the data to drive the convergence of the scattering calculated from a 3d atomistic-level model with the experimental data. We highlight the importance of the quality of the scattering data and the value in using broad Q scattering data obtained using neutrons. We illustrate these various methods with results drawn from a diverse range of polymers.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

INCORPORATING PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE BEST PRACTICES INTO MARINE CORPS TRAINING AND OPERATIONS

The Marine Corps currently utilizes a traditional time-based strategy for ground equipment maintenance, conducting preventative maintenance at specified time intervals and corrective maintenance when failure occurs. In 2020, the Marine Corps initiated the transition from this maintenance strategy to a Condition Based Maintenance Plus (CBM+) strategy, which detects subcomponent anomalies in advance through data analytics so maintenance can be conducted before failure occurs. Hypothetically, CBM+ will generate increased cost-savings, reduce man-hour requirements, and improve operational availability for Marine Corps ground systems. Using a case study methodology, this project highlights best practices within the commercial mining, railroad, and heavy equipment industries by interviewing maintenance professionals and supplementing these discussions with existing literature. We then used a thematic analysis across five themes: organizational structure, asset classification, information technology (IT) infrastructure, data management, and maintenance decision making. By highlighting commonalities across the cases and evaluating best practices, we drew three key conclusions. First, some Marine Corps ground systems are not CBM+ compatible. Second, significant upgrades to existing maintenance infrastructure are necessary. Finally, CBM+ should be used as a decision-making framework to maximize cost-savings and combat readiness.Captain, United States Marine CorpsMajor, United States Marine CorpsApproved for public release. Distribution is unlimited

Principles of Neuromorphic Photonics

In an age overrun with information, the ability to process reams of data has become crucial. The demand for data will continue to grow as smart gadgets multiply and become increasingly integrated into our daily lives. Next-generation industries in artificial intelligence services and high-performance computing are so far supported by microelectronic platforms. These data-intensive enterprises rely on continual improvements in hardware. Their prospects are running up against a stark reality: conventional one-size-fits-all solutions offered by digital electronics can no longer satisfy this need, as Moore's law (exponential hardware scaling), interconnection density, and the von Neumann architecture reach their limits. With its superior speed and reconfigurability, analog photonics can provide some relief to these problems; however, complex applications of analog photonics have remained largely unexplored due to the absence of a robust photonic integration industry. Recently, the landscape for commercially-manufacturable photonic chips has been changing rapidly and now promises to achieve economies of scale previously enjoyed solely by microelectronics. The scientific community has set out to build bridges between the domains of photonic device physics and neural networks, giving rise to the field of \emph{neuromorphic photonics}. This article reviews the recent progress in integrated neuromorphic photonics. We provide an overview of neuromorphic computing, discuss the associated technology (microelectronic and photonic) platforms and compare their metric performance. We discuss photonic neural network approaches and challenges for integrated neuromorphic photonic processors while providing an in-depth description of photonic neurons and a candidate interconnection architecture. We conclude with a future outlook of neuro-inspired photonic processing.Comment: 28 pages, 19 figure

Justice for Rodney King

May 1992 letter from three Howard University School of Law students to President George H.W. Bush advocating that the United States Department of Justice invoke the Petite Policy to initiate a criminal action against the Los Angeles Police Department police officers responsible for brutally beating Rodney King despite the fact that these offers had been acquitted in a California state court. The letter, which was read in front of the White House by Thomas Mitchell to hundreds of people who had gathered to urge the federal government to take action, sets forth a clear legal basis to permit the Justice Department to prosecute those responsible for the trampling of Rodney King\u27s civil rights