The Somatic Genomic Landscape of Glioblastoma

We describe the landscape of somatic genomic alterations based on multi-dimensional and comprehensive characterization of more than 500 glioblastoma tumors (GBMs). We identify several novel mutated genes as well as complex rearrangements of signature receptors including EGFR and PDGFRA. TERT promoter mutations are shown to correlate with elevated mRNA expression, supporting a role in telomerase reactivation. Correlative analyses confirm that the survival advantage of the proneural subtype is conferred by the G-CIMP phenotype, and MGMT DNA methylation may be a predictive biomarker for treatment response only in classical subtype GBM. Integrative analysis of genomic and proteomic profiles challenges the notion of therapeutic inhibition of a pathway as an alternative to inhibition of the target itself. These data will facilitate the discovery of therapeutic and diagnostic target candidates, the validation of research and clinical observations and the generation of unanticipated hypotheses that can advance our molecular understanding of this lethal cancer

Treatment of varicose and telangiectatic leg veins: double-blind prospective comparative trial between aethoxyskerol and sotradecol.

BackgroundOne hundred twenty-nine patients were treated with either polidocanol (POL) or sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) to compare the efficacy and adverse sequelae of each agent.ObjectiveTo determine the safety and efficacy of two sclerosing solutions.MethodsEach patient's leg veins that did not have incompetence from the saphenofemoral junction (SFJ) were divided into three categories by size (<1 mm, 1-3 mm, 3-6 mm). Each leg was randomly treated with either 0.25%, 0.5%, or 1.5% of STS or 0.5%, 1.0%, or 3% of POL respective of size. An independent, three-panel, blindly randomized photographic examination was obtained pretreatment and at 4 and 16 weeks. Patient satisfaction index and overall clinical improvement assessment were also obtained.ResultsAll patients had an average of 70% improvement and were 70-72% satisfied in all vein categories treated with either solution. There was no significant difference in adverse effects between each group except for a decrease in ulcerations and swelling in the POL group.ConclusionBoth STS and POL are safe and effective sclerosing solutions for varicose and telangiectatic leg veins

Large Varicose Vein Closure: A Comprehensive Review

BACKGROUND: Treatment of chronic venous disease and varicose veins has significant psychosocial and economic impact. The great saphenous vein is a common vein to develop incompetence and reflux and, therefore, been the focus of therapy for many years. OBJECTIVE: To review the published medical literature relating to large varicose vein closure and provide a guide for closure techniques\u27 efficacy and safety. METHODS: A comprehensive search of the English language literature was performed up to and including December 2021. All references pertaining to large varicose vein closure were reviewed. RESULTS: There are multiple safe and effective minimally invasive methods to achieve occlusion of incompetent great saphenous vein, the most widely used of which is endovenous thermal ablation. Other nonthermal, tumescent, and nontumescent methods can also be used. CONCLUSION: Proper knowledge of vein anatomy, ultrasound, and vein closure procedures is needed to ensure safe and effective outcomes

Treatment of Local, Persistent Cutaneous Atrophy Following Corticosteroid Injection with Normal Saline Infiltration,” Der- matologic Surgery

BACKGROUND. Injections of corticosteroids are commonly used for a variety a dermatologic conditions but may cause local, persistent cutaneous atrophy, with few therapeutic options