Development of Maine Ongoing Outreach Simulation Education (MOOSE), a Novel Telesimulation Program, to Improve Neonatal Resuscitation in a Rural Community Hospital

Objective- To implement monthly neonatal resuscitation telesimulation team training sessions in a rural community hospital delivery room that is feasible, sustainable, and replicable at other sites.https://knowledgeconnection.mainehealth.org/lambrew-retreat-2021/1010/thumbnail.jp

A Simulation-Based Outreach Program Improves Delivery Room Team Confidence in Neonatal Resuscitation at Rural Community Hospitals

Objective- Our goal is to pilot the use of an onsite Neonatal Community Outreach Education Program to improve provider confidence with procedural skills and neonatal resuscitation in the delivery room.https://knowledgeconnection.mainehealth.org/lambrew-retreat-2021/1008/thumbnail.jp

The Circadian Deadenylase Nocturnin Is Necessary for Stabilization of the iNOS mRNA in Mice

Nocturnin is a member of the CCR4 deadenylase family, and its expression is under circadian control with peak levels at night. Because it can remove poly(A) tails from mRNAs, it is presumed to play a role in post-transcriptional control of circadian gene expression, but its target mRNAs are not known. Here we demonstrate that Nocturnin expression is acutely induced by the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) lacking Nocturnin exhibit normal patterns of acute induction of TNFα and iNOS mRNAs during the first three hours following LPS treatment, but by 24 hours, while TNFα mRNA levels are indistinguishable from WT cells, iNOS message is significantly reduced 20-fold. Accordingly, analysis of the stability of the mRNAs showed that loss of Nocturnin causes a significant decrease in the half-life of the iNOS mRNA (t1/2 = 3.3 hours in Nocturnin knockout MEFs vs. 12.4 hours in wild type MEFs), while having no effect on the TNFα message. Furthermore, mice lacking Nocturnin lose the normal nighttime peak of hepatic iNOS mRNA, and have improved survival following LPS injection. These data suggest that Nocturnin has a novel stabilizing activity that plays an important role in the circadian response to inflammatory signals

Nocturnin Expression Is Induced by Fasting in the White Adipose Tissue of Restricted Fed Mice

The relationship between circadian clocks and metabolism is intimate and complex and a number of recent studies have begun to reveal previously unknown effects of food and its temporal availability on the clock and the rhythmic transcriptome of peripheral tissues. Nocturnin, a circadian deadenylase, is expressed rhythmically in a wide variety of tissues, but we report here that Nocturnin expression is arrhythmic in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) of mice housed in 12∶12 LD with ad libitum access to food. However, Nocturnin expression becomes rhythmic in eWAT of mice placed on restricted feeding. We show here that Nocturnin's rhythmic expression pattern is not dependent upon feeding, nor is it acutely induced by feeding in the liver or eWAT of ad libitum fed mice. However, Nocturnin is acutely induced by the absence of the expected meal in eWAT of restricted fed mice. A rise in cAMP levels also induces Nocturnin expression, suggesting that Nocturnin's induction in eWAT by fasting is likely mediated through the same pathways that activate lipolysis. Therefore, this suggests that Nocturnin plays a role in linking nutrient sensing by the circadian clock to lipid mobilization in the adipocytes

The James Webb Space Telescope Mission

Twenty-six years ago a small committee report, building on earlier studies, expounded a compelling and poetic vision for the future of astronomy, calling for an infrared-optimized space telescope with an aperture of at least $4m$. With the support of their governments in the US, Europe, and Canada, 20,000 people realized that vision as the $6.5m$ James Webb Space Telescope. A generation of astronomers will celebrate their accomplishments for the life of the mission, potentially as long as 20 years, and beyond. This report and the scientific discoveries that follow are extended thank-you notes to the 20,000 team members. The telescope is working perfectly, with much better image quality than expected. In this and accompanying papers, we give a brief history, describe the observatory, outline its objectives and current observing program, and discuss the inventions and people who made it possible. We cite detailed reports on the design and the measured performance on orbit.Comment: Accepted by PASP for the special issue on The James Webb Space Telescope Overview, 29 pages, 4 figure

Abstract 4971: The oncometabolite (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate modulates stress-induced caspase activity in glioma cells

Abstract Point mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1/2) are present in the majority of WHO grade II and III gliomas, as well as secondary grade IV glioblastomas. These are gain-of-function mutations resulting in the neoenzymatic conversion of alpha-ketoglutarate into R-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG), which is present in high concentrations (10-30 mM) in mutated gliomas. The mutation appears to be a favorable prognostic marker, suggesting better response to stressors like adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy; however, its effects on cell signaling and glioma cell death are not fully understood. In this study we investigated the impact of 2HG in glioma cell survival pathways. A single pulse of 2HG (30mM) increased phosphorylated Erk (p-Erk 1/2), but not pAkt, in the PTEN-intact glioma cell lines LN18 and LN229. Both p-Erk 1/2 and pAkt were unchanged in the PTEN-deficient cell lines U87 and U138. A single 2HG pulse, followed by prolonged withholding of medium changes, also enhanced caspase 3/7 activity in LN18 cells and LN229 cells, whereas it actually suppressed caspase 3/7 activity in U87 and U138 cells. Pretreatment with the MEK inhibitor UO126 prior to the 2HG pulse suppressed caspase 3/7 activity in LN18 cells, but not in LN229 cells. In U87 cells, the 2HG-induced suppression of caspase 3/7 activity was reversed by UO126, while no change was observed in U138 cells. These data indicate that 2HG can modulate stress-induced cell death in a MAPK/ERK-dependent manner, but that such modulation may vary greatly depending on the occurrence of other genetic aberrations in gliomas. Ongoing studies are pursuing potential mechanisms via which 2HG exerts such functionally divergent effects, aiming to develop better adjuvant therapeutic approaches for IDH-mutant gliomas. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4971. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4971</jats:p

The circadian deadenylase nocturnin is necessary for stabilization of the iNOS mRNA in mice

Nocturnin is a member of the CCR4 deadenylase family, and its expression is under circadian control with peak levels at night. Because it can remove poly(A) tails from mRNAs, it is presumed to play a role in post-transcriptional control of circadian gene expression, but its target mRNAs are not known. Here we demonstrate that Nocturnin expression is acutely induced by the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) lacking Nocturnin exhibit normal patterns of acute induction of TNFa and iNOS mRNAs during the first three hours following LPS treatment, but by 24 hours, while TNFa mRNA levels are indistinguishable from WT cells, iNOS message is significantly reduced 20-fold. Accordingly,analysis of the stability of the mRNAs showed that loss of Nocturnin causes a significant decrease in the half-life of the iNOS mRNA (t1/2 = 3.3 hours in Nocturnin knockout MEFs vs. 12.4 hours in wild type MEFs), while having no effect on the TNFa message. Furthermore, mice lacking Nocturnin lose the normal nighttime peak of hepatic iNOS mRNA, and have improved survival following LPS injection. These data suggest that Nocturnin has a novel stabilizing activity that plays an important role in the circadian response to inflammatory signals.Fil: Niu, Shuang. University of Virginia; Estados UnidosFil: Shingle, Danielle L.. University of Virginia; Estados Unidos. University of Texas; Estados UnidosFil: Garbarino Pico, Eduardo. University of Virginia; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Kojima, Shihoko. University of Virginia; Estados Unidos. University of Texas; Estados UnidosFil: Gilbert, Misty. University of Virginia; Estados UnidosFil: Green, Carla B.. University of Virginia; Estados Unidos. University of Texas; Estados Unido

Mixed methods prospective findings of the initial effects of the U.S. COVID-19 pandemic on individuals in recovery from substance use disorder

The beginning of the U.S. COVID-19 pandemic interrupted integral services and supports for those in recovery from substance use disorders. The current study used qualitative and quantitative data to identify 1) pandemic-related barriers/stressors, 2) coping strategies employed, and 3) how the stressors and strategies predicted subsequent substance use frequency. Participants were 48 adults (40.5% female; 90.2% White) between 26 and 60 years old (M = 42.66, SD = 8.44) who were part of a larger, multi-year longitudinal study of individuals in recovery from substance use disorders. Individuals completed two interviews, one during the six weeks of initial stay-at-home orders in the state in which data were collected and the second within six to twelve months of their initial interview. Common barriers to recovery included cancelled support meetings, changes in job format (i.e., being fired or furloughed), and lack of social support. Common coping strategies included self-care, leisure activities/hobbies, taking caution against exposure, and strengthening personal relationships. The relationship between cravings at baseline and substance use at follow up was stronger for those who experienced worsening of their mental health (B = 21.80, p .99) had lower rates of substance use at follow-up than those who did not employ self-care as a coping mechanism (B = 16.10, p < .01). These findings inform research priorities regarding prospective effects of the pandemic on treatment endeavors, particularly emphasizing treating mental health and encouraging self-care strategies

Mixed methods prospective findings of the initial effects of the U.S. COVID-19 pandemic on individuals in recovery from substance use disorder

The beginning of the U.S. COVID-19 pandemic interrupted integral services and supports for those in recovery from substance use disorders. The current study used qualitative and quantitative data to identify 1) pandemic-related barriers/stressors, 2) coping strategies employed, and 3) how the stressors and strategies predicted subsequent substance use frequency. Participants were 48 adults (40.5% female; 90.2% White) between 26 and 60 years old (M = 42.66, SD = 8.44) who were part of a larger, multi-year longitudinal study of individuals in recovery from substance use disorders. Individuals completed two interviews, one during the six weeks of initial stay-at-home orders in the state in which data were collected and the second within six to twelve months of their initial interview. Common barriers to recovery included cancelled support meetings, changes in job format (i.e., being fired or furloughed), and lack of social support. Common coping strategies included self-care, leisure activities/hobbies, taking caution against exposure, and strengthening personal relationships. The relationship between cravings at baseline and substance use at follow up was stronger for those who experienced worsening of their mental health (B = 21.80, p &lt; .01) than for those who did not (B = 5.45, p = 0.09), and for those who were taking caution against exposure (B = 24.57, p &lt; .01) than for those who were not (B = 1.87, p = 0.53). Those who engaged in self-care (B = 0.00, p&gt;.99) had lower rates of substance use at follow-up than those who did not employ self-care as a coping mechanism (B = 16.10, p &lt; .01). These findings inform research priorities regarding prospective effects of the pandemic on treatment endeavors, particularly emphasizing treating mental health and encouraging self-care strategies.</jats:p