Diversity in Physio-Chemical Attributes of Milk from Various Cow Breeds in Haryana

This research paper presents a comparative analysis of the physio-chemical properties of milk from four different breeds of cows in Haryana, namely Sahiwal, Tharparkar, Red Sindhi, and Cross-breed. The study aimed to evaluate various parameters including fat content, solid not fat (SNF), total solids, protein content, density, lactose content, titratable acidity, freezing point, pH, and specific gravity. A total of 80 cows, 20 from each breed were selected for the study, and milk samples were collected twice a day, in the morning and evening. The analysis revealed significant differences among the four cow breeds in terms of their milk composition. The Sahiwal breed exhibited the highest fat content (4.71), while the Red Sindhi had the lowest (3.97). Similarly, variations were observed in SNF, total solids, proteins, density, lactose, titratable acidity, freezing point, pH, and specific gravity across the different breeds. The findings of this research contribute to a better understanding of the physio-chemical characteristics of milk from different cow breeds in Haryana. These results can assist in breed selection for improved milk production, processing, and product development. Furthermore, the data obtained can serve as a valuable resource for dairy industry stakeholders, regulatory bodies, and researchers in the field of dairy science and technology. Future studies could explore the relationship between physio-chemical properties and milk yield, as well as investigating the impact of these variations on the processing and quality of dairy products. Additionally, exploring the influence of environmental factors and management practices on milk composition could further enhance our understanding of the subject

Heterogeneity in Physio-Chemical Traits of Milk across Buffalo Breeds in Haryana

This research paper presents a comparative analysis of the physio-chemical properties of milk from three different buffalo breeds in Haryana, namely Murrah, Nilli-Ravi, and Surti. The study aimed to evaluate various parameters including fat content, solid not fat (SNF), total solids, protein content, density, lactose content, titratable acidity, freezing point, pH, and specific gravity. A total of 60 buffaloes, 20 from each breed, were selected for the study, and milk samples were collected twice a day, in the morning and evening. The analysis revealed significant differences among the three buffalo breeds in terms of their milk composition. The Murrah breed exhibited the highest fat content (8.02), while the Nilli-Ravi had the lowest (8.14). For SnF values, Murrah shows highest values of 9.41 and Surti buffalo shows lowest 8.78. Similarly, variations were observed in other parameters across different breeds. These results can assist in breed selection for improved milk production, processing, and product development. Furthermore, the data obtained can serve as a valuable resource for dairy industry stakeholders, regulatory bodies, and researchers in the field of dairy science and technology. Future studies could explore the relationship between physio-chemical properties and milk yield, as well as investigating the impact of these variations on the processing and quality of dairy products

Screening of traditionally used medicinal plants for their antimicrobial efficacy against oral pathogens and GC-MS analysis of <em>Acacia nilotica </em>extract

162-168Oral diseases are one of the major public health issues. Due to acquisition of pathogenic resistance over conventional antimicrobials, the search for natural alternatives continues. In the present study, thirty two methanol and ethyl acetate extracts prepared from 14 different plant species were screened against oral pathogens. Principal Component Analysis indicated that methanol extract of Acacia nilotica twig was the most influential with highest F1 score and showed almost 2 fold higher antimicrobial activity in comparison to others. GC-MS analysis of Acacia nilotica twig revealed the presence of various bioactive such as limonene, stigmasterol, linoleic acid, ricinoleic acid, santalol, undecylenic acid. Evaluation of antimicrobial potential of medicinal plants may thrive a safe, inexpensive and efficient therapeutic in developing formulation for oral care products

Screening of antimicrobial efficacy of traditionally used Indian plants against microorganisms associated with dandruff

Dandruff is a clinical condition affecting the scalp causing itching and relapsing inflammation. Staphylococcus epidermidis, Propionibacterium acne and Malassezia furfur pathogens are found more and less respectively in the scalps of dandruff subjects. In the present study, a total of 32 plant extracts were screened for their anti-dandruff activity by agar well diffusion method. Among the selected plant extracts of methanol and ethyl acetate, 25 showed significant activity while 7 extracts have not showed activity at a particular concentration. Among all the extracts ethylacetate extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Glycyrrhiza glabra showed very high activity i.e. 18-20 mm while methanolic extract of Punica granatum and Syzygium aromaticum showed moderate activity against all the three pathogens. Thus the active plant extracts can be a potential source for the formulation of natural anti-dandruff agents

Screening of antimicrobial efficacy of traditionally used Indian plants against microorganisms associated with dandruff

934-939Dandruff is a clinical condition affecting the scalp, causes itching and relapsing inflammation. In the present study, a total of 32 plant extracts of 16 plants were prepared using methanol and ethyl acetate and screened for their anti-dandruff activity by agar well diffusion method. Dandruff causing microorganisms including Staphylococcus epidermidis, Propionibacterium acne and Malassezia furfur were selected for the study. Ethyl acetate extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Glycyrrhiza glabra exhibited maximum activity with zone of inhibition of 18-20 mm while methanol extract of Punica granatum and Syzygium aromaticum demonstrated moderate activity against the studied microbes. On the basis of ZOI, PCA and MIC the results revealed that the ethyl acetate extract of C. zeylinicum bark and G. glabra root are most influential extracts followed by methanol extract of P. granatum, G. glabra, S. aromaticum, and ethyl acetate extract of A. nilotica in term of antimicrobial activity against the studied dandruff causing microbes. Therefore the active plant extracts can act as a potential source for the formulation of natural anti-dandruff agents