Israel in Adult Education

The relationship between American Jews and Israel has been impacted by the growing differences between the two communities. This research outlines the challenges of adult Jewish education today and provides recommendations on how to enhance the quality and frequency of Israel education in adult learning experiences

A research into the origin, meaning and application of the divine names in the Pentateuch

The author submits that none of the approaches including that of the documentary hypothesis, used by scholars to explain the various names for divinity in the Pentateuch, is adequate and he attempts to find and present a more satisfactory explanation for the variant divine names. With this purpose in mind he examines the Pentateuch as one unified whole. He assumes that the writer of the Pentateuch in recording the legends of the forefathers in substance as handed down to him, has in the Genesis writings made available to us the early Hebrew concepts of divinity. When however the writer of the Pentateuch uses the names for divinity both in the Genesis and in the other Pentateuch texts, he employs them in terms of his own concepts of divinity, using each designation to convey a specific meaning. The author examines the different names of God in relation to the texts in which they occur, and the passages containing these names are analysed in the light of the extant information on the background of the Hebrews in Egypt, Canaan and Mesopotamia, to ascertain the concepts of deity held by the patriarchs and to establish the criteria used by the writer in his choice of divine name. These criteria are tested in all the Genesis and Exodus texts in which the names of divinity appear

A DYNAMICS-BASED FIDELITY ASSESSMENT OF PARTIAL GRAVITY GAIT SIMULATION USING UNDERWATER BODY SEGMENT BALLASTING

In-water testing is frequently used to simulate reduced gravity for quasi-static tasks. For dynamic motions, however, the assumption has been that drag effects invalidate any data, and in-water testing has been dismissed in favor of complex and restrictive techniques such as counterweight suspension and parabolic flight. In this study, motion-capture was used to estimate treadmill gait metrics for three environments: underwater and ballasted to 1 g and to 1/6th g, and on dry land at 1 g. Ballast was distributed anthropometrically. Motion-capture results were compared with those for a simulated dynamic walker/runner, and used to assess the effect of the in-water environment on simulation fidelity. For each test case, the model was tuned to the subject's anthropometry, and stride length, pendulum frequency, and hip displacement were computed. In-water environmental effects were found to be sufficiently quantifiable to justify using in-water testing, under certain conditions, to study partial-gravity gait dynamics

Spatial variation of QT intervals in normal persons and patients with acute myocardial infarction

The QT interval is a clinically important electrocardiographic measurement. This study attempted to determine 1) whether this interval was spatially distributed in a physiologically meaningful way on the torso of normal subjects, and 2) if these spatial patterns were altered in patients with acute myocardial infarction. To do so, 30 patients were studied within 72 hours of the onset of acute myocardial infarction (15 with an anterior and 15 with a posterior lesion) along with 50 normal control subjects. Electrocardiographic signals were registered from 150 torso electrodes; the QT interval in each lead was determined by a combined automated-manual method, and the durations displayed as “isointerval maps.”In the normal subjects, the difference between the longest and shortest interval in each case was 59.4 ± 12.9 ms. Long QT intervals were spatially located over the left lateral torso and short QT intervals were found over the right inferior chest. Acute infarction modified this distribution in relation to lesion location; the longest QT intervals were centrally positioned in anterior infarction and caudally located in inferior infarction. Thus, QT intervals in normal and abnormal states have distinctive spatial distributions that are consistent with known regional myocardial electrophysiology

Comparative effectiveness of surgical versus nonoperative management of unilateral, nondisplaced, subaxial cervical spine facet fractures without evidence of spinal cord injury

Object. Facet joints are major stabilizers of cervical motion allowing for effortless and pain-free multidimensional cervical spine movements without significant linear or rotational translation, thus minimizing any chance for spinal cord or nerve root impingement. Unilateral, nondisplaced subaxial facet fractures do not meet the conventional criteria for spinal instability under physiological loads. Limited evidence indicates that even with no or minimal displacement, 20%-80% of these fractures fail nonoperative management. The risk factors for instability in isolated nondisplaced subaxial facet fractures remain uncertain. In this retrospective study of prospectively collected data, the authors attempted to identify the predictors of failure in the management of isolated, nondisplaced subaxial facet fractures admitted to their Level I trauma center over a 10-year period. Methods. Demographic, clinical, imaging, and follow-up data for 25 patients with unilateral nondisplaced subaxial facet fractures who were managed surgically (n = 10) or nonoperatively (n = 15) were statistically analyzed. Results. The mean age of the patients was 38 years, 19 were male, and 21 of the fractures were the result of either motor vehicle acciderits or falls. The mean motorscore on the American Spinal Injury Association scale was 99.2, and the mean Subaxial Injury Classification (SLIC) severity score was 3 (operated 3.5, nonoperated 2.3). Allen mechanistic classification included 22 compressive-extension Stage 1 and 2 distractive-extension Stage 1 fractures. Subaxial facet fractures involved C-7 in 17 patients (68%), C-6 in 7 (28%), and C-3 in 1 (4%). The anatomical plane of fracture through the lateral mass was sagittal in 12 patients, axial in 8, and coronal in 3 patients. Nondisplaced floating lateral mass injuries were noted in 2 patients. The mean instability score, considering 7 components of the discoligamentous complex on MRI, was 3.2 (operated 3.6, nonoperated 3.0). Ten (40%) of 25 patients in this investigation did not have successful management, 9 in the nonoperated and 1 in the operated group (p = 0.018). Unsuccessful management was significantly greater in younger patients (p = 0.0008), possibly indicating selection bias (p = 0.07, Wilcoxon ranksum test). Fracture plane, instability, and SLIC scores did not play a significant role in treatment failure in this study. Conclusions. In this study, surgery was superior to nonoperative management of isolated, nondisplaced, or minimally displaced subaxial cervical spine facet fractures

Global public water education: the World Water Monitoring Day experience

Public awareness of the impending world water crisis is an important prerequisite to create a responsible citizenship capable of participating to improve world water management. In this context, the case of a unique global water education outreach exercise, World Water Monitoring Day of October 18, is presented. Started in 2002 in the United States, currently World Water Monitoring Day is celebrated in 50 countries by more than 75,000 particpants per year. Review of this exercise in terms of public environmental education and possible transferrability to to other global issues of importance is discussed

Accounting for the costs and benefits of human resource development programs: An interdisciplinary approach

An interdisciplinary approach to measuring the costs and social and financial benefits of human resource development is presented. The approach includes three distinct components: a cost model, an effectiveness model, and a cost-benefit comparison. The diverse interdisciplinary measures of development programs are presented. A critical discussion of the role of human resource accounting and other accounting measures in evaluation is included. Examples from two organizations illustrate the measurement approach. An examination of program evaluation criteria highlights the effect of cost-benefit analyses on the human resource development movement.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/21886/1/0000293.pd

VIEWS FROM GP AND PSYCHIATRIC TRAINEES ABOUT GETTING EXPERIENCE IN EACH OTHER’S SPECIALTY DURING TRAINING: A WAY TO DEVELOP A SHARED CULTURE?

The need to deliver holistic medical care that addresses both physical and mental health requirements has never been more important. The UK medical training system has been designed to provide all medical graduates with a broad experience of different medical specialities and psychiatry prior to entering specialist training. Furthermore there is a distinct crossover between Psychiatric and General Practice training, with programmes providing trainees with the opportunity to work alongside each other in the care of mental health patients. The video presentation will explain the UK medical training system in more detail, before going on to explore how the organisation of training may foster a shared culture among different specialities and how it could form a model for improving parity of esteem of medical and physical health care. In addition it will discuss the strengths and weaknesses of this system from a trainee perspective and will conclude with comments from eminent Psychiatrists whom have special interests in medical training and developingparity of mental and physical health care