All Sky Camera for the CTA Atmospheric Calibration work package

The All Sky Camera (ASC) is a passive non-invasive imaging system for rapid night sky atmosphere monitoring. By design, the operation of the ASC will not affect the measurement procedure of the CTA observatory, for which we discuss its application in this report. The data collected should enable improved productivity and increased measurement time for the CTA observatory. The goal of ASC is to identify cloud position, atmosphere attenuation and time evolution of the sky condition, working within the CTA Central Calibration Facilities (CCF) group. Clouds and atmosphere monitoring may allow near-future prediction of the night-sky quality, helping scheduling. Also, in the case of partly cloudy night sky the cameras will identify the uncovered regions of the sky during the operation time, and define potential observable sources that can be measured. By doing so, a higher productivity of the CTA observatory measurements may be possible

On the existence of classical solution to the steady flows of generalized Newtonian fluid with concentration dependent power-law index

Steady flows of an incompressible homogeneous chemically reacting fluid are described by a coupled system, consisting of the generalized Navier--Stokes equations and convection - diffusion equation with diffusivity dependent on the concentration and the shear rate. Cauchy stress behaves like power-law fluid with the exponent depending on the concentration. We prove the existence of a classical solution for the two dimensional periodic case whenever the power law exponent is above one and less than infinity

Liquidity analysis and prediction in the processing industry by applying VG process: The case of the Czech Republic

This paper is devoted to liquidity analysis and prediction possibilities in the processing industry in the Czech Republic. The objective of this paper is to propose and apply pyramidal decomposition of the current liquidity ratio time series of the processing industry in the Czech Republic. Further, we analysed the primary factors affecting liquidity ratio evolution and predicted a two-year probability distribution of the current liquidity ratio by applying the variance gamma process. In the paper, we identified four main factors, which influence liquidity in the processing industry in Czech Republic. Based on these findings, we modelled probability distribution of the liquidity for the period 2016 and 2017 with respect to the empirical distribution. It was shown that when Gaussian distribution is used, the risk is undervalued especially for heavy tails (extreme values) of the probability distribution

Fiscal decentralization and the shadow economy

In this paper we use the new Government Revenue Dataset to analyse fiscal decentralization. We find that developed countries are on average more decentralized than developing countries and that Asia, Europe and North America are among the most fiscally decentralized regions. In our econometric analysis, we examine the relationship between fiscal decentralization and the shadow economy. We hypothesize that decentralization can negatively or positively affect the size of the shadow economy, increasing or decreasing its size, and that this effect can vary according to a country's level of development. We first replicate earlier results of cross-country analysis and proceed by estimating a fixed effects model, which provides evidence of a relatively robust and statistically significant relationship between tax revenue decentralization and the size of the shadow economy. We find that in developing countries a higher level of decentralization is associated with an increase in the size of the shadow economy, while in developed countries the opposite effect prevails

Strain range dependent cyclic hardening of 08Ch18N10T stainless steel-experiments and simulations

This paper describes and presents an experimental program of low-cycle fatigue tests of austenitic stainless steel 08Ch18N10T at room temperature. The low-cycle tests include uniaxial and torsional tests for various specimen geometries and for a vast range of strain amplitude. The experimental data was used to validate the proposed cyclic plasticity model for predicting the strain-range dependent behavior of austenitic steels. The proposed model uses a virtual back-stress variable corresponding to a cyclically stable material under strain control. This internal variable is defined by means of a memory surface introduced in the stress space. The linear isotropic hardening rule is also superposed. A modification is presented that enables the cyclic hardening response of 08Ch18N10T to be simulated correctly under torsional loading conditions. A comparison is made between the real experimental results and the numerical simulation results, demonstrating the robustness of the proposed cyclic plasticity model.Web of Science1224art. no. 424