Hexaazide octahedral molybdenum cluster complexes: synthesis, properties and the evidence of hydrolysis

This article reports the synthesis, crystal structure of new molybdenum hexaazide cluster complex (ⁿBu₄N)₂[{Mo₆I₈}(N₃)₆] (3) and comparison of its photophysical and electrochemical properties to those of earlier reported analogues (ⁿBu₄N)₂[{M₆X₈}(N₃)₆] (X = Cl, Br). Additionally, the dimerisation of 3 as a result of hydrolysis was revealed by mass spectrometry and single crystal X-Ray diffraction. Indeed, the structurally characterised compound (ⁿBu₄N)₄[{Mo₆I₈}(N₃)₅)₂O] represents the first example of oxo-bridged dimer of octahedral molybdenum clusters complexes

Water-soluble hybrid materials based on {Mo₆X₈}⁴⁺ (X = Cl, Br, I) cluster complexes and sodium polystyrene sulfonate

Development of water-soluble forms of octahedral molybdenum clusters {Mo₆X₈}⁴⁺ (X = Cl, Br, I) is strongly motivated by the tremendous potential that these complexes have for biological applications, namely as agents for bioimaging and photodynamic therapy. In these work we report the first water-soluble hybrid materials, which represent sodium polystyrene sulfonate doped by molybdenum clusters, and evaluation of their photophysical and biological properties (dark and photoinduced cytotoxicity and cellular uptake) with the use of cervical cancer (HeLa) and human epidermoid larynx carcinoma (Hep-2) cell-lines as models

Cellular internalisation, bioimaging and dark and photodynamic cytotoxicity of silica nanoparticles doped by {Mo₆I₈}⁴⁺ metal clusters

Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) doped by hexanuclear molybdenum cluster complexes [{Mo₆X₈}L₆]n (X = Cl, Br, or I; L = various inorganic or organic ligands) have been recently suggested as materials with a high potential for biomedical applications due to both the outstanding photoluminescent properties and the ability to efficiently generate singlet oxygen upon photoirradiation. However, no studies were undertaken so far to prove this concept. Therefore, here we examined the potential of photoluminescent SNPs doped by {Mo₆I₈}⁴⁺ for such applications as bioimaging and photodynamic therapy using human epidermoid larynx carcinoma (Hep-2) cell line as a model. Our results demonstrated both: (i) significant luminescence from cells with internalised molybdenum cluster doped SNPs combined with the low cytotoxicity of particles in the darkness and (ii) significant cytotoxicity of the particles upon photoirradiation. Thus, this research provides strong experimental evidence for high potential of molybdenum cluster doped materials in such biomedical applications as optical bioimaging, biolabeling and photodynamic therapy

A comparative study of optical properties and X-ray induced luminescence of octahedral molybdenum and tungsten cluster complexes

© 2017 The Royal Society of Chemistry. Octahedral metal cluster complexes have high potential for biomedical applications. In order to evaluate the benefits of these moieties for combined CT/X-ray luminescence computed tomography, this paper compares photoluminescence, radiodensity and X-ray induced luminescence properties of eight related octahedral molybdenum and tungsten cluster complexes [{M 6 I 8 }L 6 ] n (where M is Mo or W and L is I - , NO 3 - , OTs - or OH - /H 2 O). This article demonstrates that despite the fact that molybdenum cluster complexes are better photoluminescence emitters, tungsten cluster complexes, in particular (Bu 4 N) 2 [{W 6 I 8 }I 6 ], demonstrate significantly higher X-ray induced luminescence due to a combination of relatively good photoluminescence properties and high X-ray attenuation. Additionally, photo-degradation of [{M 6 I 8 }(NO 3 ) 6 ] 2- was evaluated

Polymerisable octahedral rhenium cluster complexes as precursors for photo/electroluminescent polymers

New polymerisable photoluminescent octahedral rhenium cluster complexes trans-[{Re₆Q₈}(TBP)₄VB)₂] (Q = S or Se; TBP – p-tert-butylpyridine; VB – vinyl benzoate) have been synthesised, characterised and used to construct rhe-nium cluster-organic polymer hybrid materials. These novel polymer systems are solution-processable and the rhenium clusters retain their photoluminescent properties within the polymer environment. Notably, when the rhenium cluster complexes are incorporated into the matrix of the electroluminescent polymer poly(N-vinylcarbazole), the resultant cluster polymer hybrid combined properties of both components and was used successfully in the construc-tion of a polymer light emitting diode (PLED). These prototype devices are the first PLEDs to incorporate octahedral rhenium clusters and provide the first direct evidence of the electroluminescent properties of rhenium clusters and indeed, to the best of our knowledge, of any member of the family of 24-electron hexanuclear cluster complexes of molybdenum, tungsten or rhenium

Luminescent silica mesoparticles for protein transduction

Unlike silica nanoparticles, the potential of silica mesoparticles (SMPs) (i.e. particles of submicron size) for biological applications in particular the in vitro (let alone in vivo) cellular delivery of biological cargo has so far not been sufficiently studied. Here we examine the potential of luminescent (namely, octahedral molybdenum cluster doped) SMPs synthesised by a simple one-pot reaction for the labelling of cells and for protein transduction into larynx carcinoma (Hep-2) cells using GFP as a model protein. Our data demonstrates that the SMPs internalise into the cells within half an hour. This results in cells that detectably luminesce via conventional methods. In addition, the particles are non-toxic both in darkness and upon photo-irradiation. The SMPs were modified to allow their functionalisation by a protein, which then delivered the protein (GFP) efficiently into the cells. Thus, the luminescent SMPs offer a cheap and trackable alternative to existing materials for cellular internalisation of proteins, such as the HIV TAT protein and commercial protein delivery agents (e.g. Pierce™)

Octahedral chalcogenide rhenium cluster complexes with imidazole

Reactions of [{Re6Q8}Br6]4−/3− (Q = S, Se) with molten imidazole lead to the formation of two new neutral cluster complexes [{Re6Q8}(imzH)4(imz)2] (imzH = imidazole). The interaction of [{Re6Q8}(imzH)4(imz)2] with hydrohalic acids resulted in cationic complexes [{Re6Q8}(imzH)6]X2 (X = Cl, Br). All compounds were characterised by X-ray single-crystal and powder diffraction analyses, elemental analysis, energy dispersive X-ray and IR spectroscopies. The luminescence of the neutral compounds [{Re6Q8}(imzH)4(imz)2] was also studied

Advances in the Engineering of Near Infrared Emitting Liquid Crystals and Copolymers, Extended Porous Frameworks, Theranostic Tools and Molecular Junctions Using Tailored Re6 Cluster Building Blocks

International audienceAt the occasion of the fiftieth birthday of the introduction of the term 'metal atom cluster' by F. A. Cotton in inorganic chemistry, it is the good time to make a review on the advances in the engineering of molecular assemblies and nanomaterials based on octahedral Re6 metal atom clusters. The latter exhibit unique intrinsic structural and physicochemical properties (orthogonal disposition of metallic sites that can be selectively functionalized, photoluminescence, redox, generation of singlet oxygen) that make them relevant building blocks for the structuration at the nanometric scale and functionalization of hybrid organic-inorganic materials and supramolecular frameworks. After synthesis by solid state chemistry techniques at high temperature, inorganic precursors built up on face-capped [(Re6Yi8)Ya6] cluster units (Y = chalcogen and/or halogen) can be functionalized via solution chemistry techniques or organic melts to form [(Re6Yi8)La6] (L = CN, OH, various organic ligands...). This work reports advances in the synthesis of [(Re6Yi8)Ya6] and [(Re6Yi8)La6] cluster units as well as on their use in the elaboration of supramolecular frameworks, nanoparticles, hybrid nanomaterials (co-polymers and liquid crystals) and active molecular junctions

Luminescent coordination polymers based on Ca²⁺ and octahedral cluster anions [{M₆Clⁱ₈}Clᵃ₆}²⁻ (M = Mo, W) : synthesis and thermal stability studies

Luminescent coordination polymers (CPs) based of inexpensive stable precursors are attractive materials for applications. Here we report the synthesis and evaluation of the stability and photophysical characteristics of the first examples of phosphorescent CPs based on octahedral molybdenum and tungsten cluster anions. Specifically 1D CP trans-[{Ca(OPPh₃)₄}{{M₆Clⁱ₈}Clᵃ₆}]∞ (M = Mo, W) can be obtained either directly at increased temperature or via intermediate phases [cis-Ca(OPPh₃)₄(H₂O)₂][{M₆Clⁱ₈}Clᵃ₆]∙2CH₃CN that are stable at room-temperature, but convert to the titled CP at temperatures above 100 °C