Modeling sterilization process of canned foods using artificial neural networks

In order to model the thermal processing of canned foods, the neural networks technique was applied, whose aim was to determine the cold point temperature based on the initial process conditions and the retort's temperature. The network had the following input variables: the processing time, the retort's and cold point's temperature at the current time ti, and at previous times ti−1 and ti−2. The output variable was the temperature of the cold point at the time ti+1. For training the network, a time/temperature data set was obtained through the product processing in a vertical retort. The back-propagation through time and Jordan networks were trained and its generalization performance were compared. In this work, a better generalization capacity were obtained using the back-propagation through time network, which presented an average relative error of 2.2% between the calculated and predicted F values. The architecture of the selected network was the 5-8-9-1

Sweetness equivalence of different sweeteners in strawberry-flavored yogurt.

To successfully substitute sucrose for sweeteners, further studiesmust be carried out based on previous knowledge of sweetener concentration to determine the equivalent sweetness of such compounds. In this work, sweetness equivalence of strawberry-flavored yogurt with different sweeteners and/or their combinations (aspartame, acesulfame-K, cyclamate, saccharin, stevia and sucralose) and yogurt sweetened with 11.5% w/w sucrose was measured using the sensory magnitude estimation method. The sweetness concentrations equivalent to strawberry yogurt sweetened with 11.5% w/w sucrose in the tested sweeteners were 0.072% w/w for aspartame, 0.042% w/w for aspartame/acesulfame-K (2:1), 0.064% w/w for cyclamate/saccharin, 0.043% w/w for cyclamate/saccharin (2:1)/stevia (1.8:1) and 0.30% w/w for sucralose. These results can promote the use of different sweetener combinations in strawberry-flavored yogurt, specially acesulfame-K and stevia, once they produce more pleasing in this product