U–Pb Zircon geochronology of the Cambro-Ordovician metagranites and metavolcanic rocks of central and NW Iberia

New U–Pb zircon data from metagranites and metavolcanic rocks of the Schist-Graywacke Complex Domain and the Schistose Domain of Galicia Tras-os-Montes Zone from central and NW Iberia contribute to constrain the timing of the Cambro-Ordovician magmatism from Central Iberian and Galicia Tras-os-Montes Zones which occurred between 498 and 462 Ma. The crystallization ages of the metagranites and metavolcanic rocks from the northern Schist-Graywacke Complex Domain are as follows: (a) in west Salamanca, 489 ± 5 Ma for Vitigudino, 486 ± 6 Ma for Fermoselle and 471 ± 7 Ma for Ledesma; (b) in northern Gredos, 498 ± 4 Ma for Castellanos, 492 ± 4 Ma for San Pelayo and 488 ± 3 Ma for Bercimuelle; (c) in Guadarrama, 490 ± 5 Ma for La Estacion I, 489 ± 9 Ma for La Canada, 484 ± 6 Ma for Vegas de Matute (leucocratic), 483 ± 6 Ma for El Cardoso, 482 ± 8 Ma for La Morcuera, 481 ± 9 Ma for Buitrago de Lozoya, 478 ± 7 Ma for La Hoya, 476 ± 5 Ma for Vegas de Matute (melanocratic), 475 ± 5 Ma for Riaza, 473 ± 8 Ma for La Estacion II and 462 ± 11 Ma for La Berzosa; and (d) in Toledo, 489 ± 7 Ma for Mohares and 480 ± 8 Ma for Polan. The crystallization ages of the metagranites from the Schistose Domain of Galicia Tras-os-Montes Zone are 497 ± 6 Ma for Laxe, 486 ± 8 Ma for San Mamede, 482 ± 7 Ma for Bangueses, 481 ± 5 Ma for Noia, 480 ± 10 for Rial de Sabucedo, 476 ± 9 Ma for Vilanova, 475 ± 6 Ma for Pontevedra, 470 ± 6 Ma for Cherpa and 462 ± 8 Ma for Bande.This magmatism is characterized by an average isotopic composition of (87Sr/86Sr)485Ma ≈ 0.712, (eNd)485Ma ≈ -4.1 and (TDM) ≈ 1.62 Ga, and a high zircon inheritance, composed of Ediacaran–Early Cambrian (65 %) and, to a lesser extent, Cryogenian, Tonian, Mesoproterozoic, Orosirian and Archean pre-magmatic cores. Combining our geochronological and isotopic data with others of similar rocks from the European Variscan Belt, it may be deduced that Cambro-Ordovician magmas from this belt were mainly generated by partial melting of Ediacaran–Early Cambrian igneous rocks

Health care utilization in primary care: Meaning of psychiatric disorders and adverse childhood experiences

There is evidence that the use of the health care system with respect to somatic treatment and diagnoses is strongly influenced by the psychological determinants of the patients. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of psychic comorbidities and childhood adversities on the usage of the primary health care system. A total of 453 patients were examined in the practices of their general practitioners with regard to childhood adversities. Data of 366 patients could be combined with the records of the practitioners about health care utilisation, and somatic and psychiatric diagnoses. A graphical Markov model was used to analyse the interdependencies, Psychiatric disorders influence the number of doctor visits and the time the practitioner spends with the patient. The latter was found to be the case, not only with regard to psychiatric but also to somatic treatment and diagnostic procedures aiming to discover somatic disease. There is no evidence that conversely somatic disorders increase psychiatric oriented diagnosis. Childhood adversities are not associated with any parameter of health care use that was examined. To optimize diagnostic and therapy of psychiatric and somatic dysfunctions and to avoid detentions, the strict separation of somatic medicine (first) and (then) psychiatric diagnostics and treatment should become Subject to discussion

Health care utilization in primary care: Meaning of psychiatric disorders and adverse childhood experiences

There is evidence that the use of the health care system with respect to somatic treatment and diagnoses is strongly influenced by the psychological determinants of the patients. The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of psychic comorbidities and childhood adversities on the usage of the primary health care system. A total of 453 patients were examined in the practices of their general practitioners with regard to childhood adversities. Data of 366 patients could be combined with the records of the practitioners about health care utilisation, and somatic and psychiatric diagnoses. A graphical Markov model was used to analyse the interdependencies, Psychiatric disorders influence the number of doctor visits and the time the practitioner spends with the patient. The latter was found to be the case, not only with regard to psychiatric but also to somatic treatment and diagnostic procedures aiming to discover somatic disease. There is no evidence that conversely somatic disorders increase psychiatric oriented diagnosis. Childhood adversities are not associated with any parameter of health care use that was examined. To optimize diagnostic and therapy of psychiatric and somatic dysfunctions and to avoid detentions, the strict separation of somatic medicine (first) and (then) psychiatric diagnostics and treatment should become Subject to discussion

Late glacial environment and climate development in northeastern China derived from geochemical and isotopic investigations of the varved sediment record from Lake Sihailongwan (Jilin Province)

Total organic carbon (TOC) content, total nitrogen (TN) content, stable nitrogen isotope (delta(15)) and stable organic carbon isotope (delta C-13(org)) ratios were continuously analysed on a high resolution sediment profile from Lake Sihailongwan (SHL), covering the time span between 16,500 and 9,500 years BP. Strong variations of the investigated proxy parameters are attributed to great climatic fluctuations during the investigated time period. Variations in organic carbon isotope ratios and the ratio of TOC/TN (C/N ratio) are discussed with respect to changing proportions of different organic matter (OM) sources to bulk sedimentary OM. Phases of high TOC content, high TN content, depleted delta C-13(org) values and high delta N-15 values are interpreted as times with increased productivity of lacustrine algae in relation to input of terrigenous organic matter. Two distinct phases of enriched nitrogen isotope ratios from 14,200 to 13,700 and 11,550 to 11,050 years BP point towards a reduced phytoplankton discrimination against N-15 due to a diminished dissolved inorganic nitrogen pool. The combination of geochemical (TOC, TN, C/N ratio) and isotopic (delta C-13(org), delta N-15) proxy parameters points to a division of climate development into four stages. A cold and dry stage before 14,200 years BP, a warm optimum stage with high phytoplankton productivity from 14,200 to 12,450 BP, a colder and drier stage from 12,450 to 11,600 BP and a stage of climatic amelioration with high variability in TOC and TN contents after 11,600 BP. These results are discussed in relation to monsoon variability and Northern Hemisphere climate development of the late glacial

Project B 1 (mineral diagenesis): Modeling of mineral diagenesis in relation to oil migration, reservoir rock properties and the formation of sedimentary ores Final report

Part 1. Basin Simulation and Diagenetic Models: Albian Cadotte Sandstone, Alberta Deep Basin, Canada. The case study of the Cadotte sandstone has successfully integrated modeling and observational approaches to reconstruct the most likely processes and factors for porosity preservation and occlusion. Estimation of the eroded overburden with a sonic log technique provided the basis for the burial and thermal history. Basin simulation permitted the reconstruction of the basin at the time of deepest burial for input to diagenetic modeling of the silica cementation by regional flow. Petrographic and geochemical studies of core samples added the information missing from modeling: That the main process of quartz overgrowth was pressure solution and small scale redistribution of silica from chert to quartz grains. Part 2. Modeling of Dissolution and Cementation. Simulating the diagenetic evolution in an idealized sandstone involves processes which are strongly interacting, even within a simple system incorporating only quartz and calcite. Beside the chemical interactions within and between phases, changes of porosity and permeability modify the flow pattern which again alters the local chemical composition. Simulation results show that diagenesis depends on complex non-linear interaction of various processes, and they indicate that small inhomogeneities of rocks can have a strong influence on the resulting porosity patterns. (orig./HS)1. Beckensimulation und diagenetische Modelle: Der Cadotte Standstone (Alb) im Alberta Deep Basin, Kanada. Mit dem Fallbeispiel des Cadotte Sandsteins wurden Modellierung und beschriebene Ansaetze erfolgreich integriert, um die wahrscheinlichsten Prozesse der Porositaetserhaltung und -zerstoerung zu rekonstruieren. Abschaetzung der erodierten Auflast mit einer Sonic-Log Methode schaffte die Grundlagen fuer die Versenkungs- und Waermegeschichte. Mit Hilfe der Beckensimulation konnte das Becken zur Zeit seiner tiefsten Versenkung rekonstruiert werden, und damit der Input fuer die diagenetische Modellierung der Kieselsaeurezementation durch regionalen Porenwasserfluss geschaffen werden. Petrographische und geochemische Studien an Kernproben vervollstaendigten die aus der Simulation fehlenden Informationen und zeigten, dass das Quarzwachstum hauptsaechlich auf Druckloesung und kleinraeumige Umverteilung der Kieselsaeure von Chert- auf Quarzkoerner zurueckzufuehren ist. 2. Modellierung der Loesung und Zementation. Die Modellierung der diagenetischen Veraenderungen eines idealen Sandsteins beinhaltet komplexe, interaktive Prozesse, selbst in einem stark vereinfachten Quarz-Calcit-System. Neben den chemischen Wechselwirkungen innerhalb und zwischen den einzelnen Phasen, modifizieren die Veraenderung der Porositaet und Permeabilitaet die raeumliche Verteilung des Porenwasserflusses, die wiederum die lokale chemische Zusammensetzung beeinflusst. Simulationsergebnisse des Porenwasserflusses, die wiederum die lokale chemische Zusammensetzung beeinflusst. Simulationsergebnisse zeigen, dass die Diagenese von komplexen, nicht-linearen Wechselwirkungen verschiedener Prozesse abhaengig ist, und dass selbst kleine Gesteinsinhomogenitaeten die resultierende Porositaetsverteilung beinflussen koennen. (orig./HS)Available from TIB Hannover: F94B2109 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEBundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technologie (BMFT), Bonn (Germany)DEGerman