Experimental Observation of a Topological Phase in the Maximally Entangled State of a Pair of Qubits

Quantum mechanical phase factors can be related to dynamical effects or to the geometrical properties of a trajectory in a given space - either parameter space or Hilbert space. Here, we experimentally investigate a quantum mechanical phase factor that reflects the topology of the SO(3) group: since rotations by $\pi$ around antiparallel axes are identical, this space is doubly connected. Using pairs of nuclear spins in a maximally entangled state, we subject one of the spins to a cyclic evolution. If the corresponding trajectory in SO(3) can be smoothly deformed to a point, the quantum state at the end of the trajectory is identical to the initial state. For all other trajectories the quantum state changes sign

One-Step Synthesis of Co@C Composite as High-Performance Anode Material for Lithium-ion Batteries

A carbon-coated cobalt (Co@C) composite was synthesized by a one-step method using ionic liquid as carbon source and reducing agent. The Co@C composite exhibited a core-shell structure, in which the cobalt nanoparticles uniformly embedded in the carbon matrix. When used as the anode material for lithium ion batteries, the cobalt nanoparticles enhanced the kinetics of Li+ and electronic transport during the charge/discharge process. The Co@C composite material delivered a reversible capacity of 657.3 mAh g-1 after 60 cycles at a current density of 0.1C and exhibits improved rate performance when compared with pure carbon

An Optimal Method For Product Selection By Using Online Ratings And Considering Search Costs

With the collecting and publishing data about consumers purchasing and browsing products at the platform of online, this data prodives new ways to better understand the consumers search behavior before purchase. How to base on consumers online search behavior and simutaneously consider offline experience costs is worth studying. An optimal method based on the utility of the attribute of product is proposed. The proposed method follows steps below. Firstly, based on the multi-attribute utility theory, the overall utility of product is calculated by using ratings data. Secondly, the overall utility is combined into the original sequential search model to find the optimal selection strategy. Thirdly, the candidate product sets arranged in descending order of the reservation utilities are finally obtained. Finally, taking the online ratings data provided by a comprehensive automobile website as an example, lastly the proposed method is simulated and compared with other method. The result shows that the proposed method is feasible and effective

Case report: Urothelial injury in a female with breast cancer: a rare adverse event after the combination of paclitaxel and trastuzumab

Several breast cancer (BC) patients showed urinary tract infection after adjuvant trastuzumab plus paclitaxel, but no case of urothelial injury has been reported. In this case, we report a 47-year-old female patient with stage I invasive ductal carcinoma in the left breast presenting with urothelial injury after the combination of trastuzumab and paclitaxel. Initially, the patient was highly suspected of having urinary tract infection as she showed abdominal and low back pain, as well as urinary irritation symptoms and hematuria. Unfortunately, the conditions were not attenuated after anti-infection therapy. Contrast-enhanced CT showed extensive exudation and edema in the bilateral renal pelvis, ureter, and bladder, together with dilatation and effusion in the renal pelvis and ureter. Cystoscopy showed extensive congestion, edema, and erosion in the bladder epithelium. Pathological analysis demonstrated slight thinning or even loss in the uroepithelial cell layer and interstitial congestion. In addition, there was growth arrest in the epithelial cells. Immunohistochemistry indicated HER2 expression in the urothelial cells. Finally, the patient was diagnosed with urothelial injury after combination of paclitaxel and trastuzumab. The symptoms were spontaneously cured with no administration of any antibiotics in the 3-month follow-up

Improved Thermal Modelling and Experimental Validation of Oil-Flooded High Performance Machines with Slot-Channel Cooling

Thermal management is often considered a bottleneck in the pursuit of the next generation electrical machines for electrified transportation with a step change in power density. Slot-channel cooling is considered to be an effective cooling technique, either as an independent method or as a secondary heat transfer path which compliments traditional cooling systems. The slot-channel specific geometry and position effects on the thermal benefits are not thoroughly investigated in literature, while previous work focuses on passing fluid through the un-used space left in between coils forming concentrated windings. In this paper, slot-channel cooling is implemented within an oil-flooded cooling system for a high power density motor used as a pump. A flexible and detailed lumped parameter thermal network (LPTN) is proposed for the cooling system, with the LPTN used to optimize the slot-channel dimensions and location for obtaining maximum thermal benefits. Finally, a surface-mount permanent magnet (SPM) machine with the optimized slot channel geometry is built and tested to validate the thermal model, experimentally achieving an armature continuous current density in excess of 30A/mm2

Development of a colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay strip using monoclonal antibody for rapid detection of porcine deltacoronavirus

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) cause diarrhea and dehydration in newborn piglets and has the potential for cross-species transmission. Rapid and early diagnosis is important for preventing and controlling infectious disease. In this study, two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were generated, which could specifically recognize recombinant PDCoV nucleocapsid (rPDCoV-N) protein. A colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA) strip using these mAbs was developed to detect PDCoV antigens within 15 min. Results showed that the detection limit of the GICA strip developed in this study was 103 TCID50/ml for the suspension of virus-infected cell culture and 0.125 μg/ml for rPDCoV-N protein, respectively. Besides, the GICA strip showed high specificity with no cross-reactivity with other porcine pathogenic viruses. Three hundred and twenty-five fecal samples were detected for PDCoV using the GICA strip and reverse transcription-quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). The coincidence rate of the GICA strip and RT-qPCR was 96.9%. The GICA strip had a diagnostic sensitivity of 88.9% and diagnostic specificity of 98.5%. The specific and efficient detection by the strip provides a convenient, rapid, easy to use and valuable diagnostic tool for PDCoV under laboratory and field conditions