Effects of Different Iron Concentrations on Physiology of

In order to study the changes of the photosynthetic pigment content, antioxidant enzyme activity and osmotic adjuster content, the Prunus davidiana seedlings were cultured into Hoagland nutrient solution which added various concentrations of iron solution. Then the results showed that photosynthetic pigment content and antioxidant enzyme activity were all higher in iron-treated P. davidiana seedlings, compared with that in control seedlings. When increased iron concentration up to 10 mg/L, the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and the total chlorophyll content gradually rose, but decreased at iron concentrations of 20, 30, 40 and 60 mg/L. Irrigating iron concentration of 60 mg/L was the best way to increase the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. But for chlorophyll a/b ratio, it was the highest in no-iron seedlings. Moreover, the soluble protein content was the highest at iron concentration of 30 mg/L, but the lowest at 10 mg/L. Thus, the study concluded that irrigating iron solution could improve the growth and resistance to adverse circumstances of P. davidiana seedlings

Study on cadmium accumulation characteristics of

To study the cadmium accumulation characteristics of Solanum nigrum with different ploidies, the biomass, cadmium content and cadmium accumulation of diploid (Solanum photeinocarpum), tetraploid (Solanum photeinocarpum) and hexaploid (Solanum nigrum) were measured by a pot experiment. The results showed that the biomass of roots, stems, leaves and shoots of S. nigrum plants with different ploidy all ranked as follows: hexaploid > tetraploid > diploid. Cadmium content and cadmium accumulation in stems, leaves and shoots of hexaploid plants were significantly higher than those in tetraploid and diploid plants, and the cadmium translocation factor and translocation accumulation factor of hexaploid were the largest, too. Therefore, hexaploid S. nigrum had a highest ability to extract and transport cadmium, which can be used as an ideal plant for remediation of cadmium-contaminated soil

Study on selenium accumulation characteristics of different ploidies

The selenium accumulation characteristics of Solanum nigrum with different ploidy were studied by the pot experiment, and the biomass, selenium content and selenium accumulation of diploid (Solanum photeinocarpum), tetraploid (Solanum photeinocarpum) and hexaploid (Solanum nigrum) plants were determined, the results showed that there was a difference between the biomass and selenium content of three kinds of ploidy plants of S. nigrum. The biomass of various organs and shoots of hexaploid S. nigrum plants was significantly higher than that of tetraploid and diploid plants. In terms of selenium content and selenium accumulation, the hexaploid plants had the highest selenium content and selenium accumulation in stems, leaves and shoots. After comprehensive comparison, the hexaploid S. nigrum has large biomass and strong selenium-enriching ability, so it can be used as an excellent plant material for soil selenium absorption and transformation

Effects of Different Selenium Concentrations on Physiology of

To study the effects of selenium on physiology, Prunus davidiana seedlings were treated with the irrigation of different selenium concentrations solution. The result showed that the photosynthetic pigment content was relatively higher at selenium concentrations of 0, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/L except for carotenoid content which was the highest at 0.1 mg/L but the lowest in control seedlings. In terms of antioxidant enzyme activity, the activities of peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in selenium-treated seedlings were all higher than that in control seedlings and especially at the selenium concentration of 1 mg/L. The soluble protein content accumulated most at 0.25 mg/L selenium concentration. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA), as membrane lipid peroxidation index, was the lowest at selenium concentration of 0.5 mg/L. In a word, irrigating lower selenium concentrations could increase the photosynthetic pigment content and higher selenium concentrations enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activity to increase cell protection and kept the P. davidiana seedlings good growth and resistance to adverse environments

Effects of

In order to improve the nutrients absorption of grape seedlings under cadmium (Cd) stress, the effects of Solanum nigrum, Crassocephalum crepidioides and Bidens pilosa straws on the nutrients content of soil and grape seedlings under Cd stress were studied by pot experiment. According to the results, the activity of soil phosphatase, soil catalase and soil sucrose by soil application of straws observed higher than CK to varying degrees. And soil application of straws increased the contents of soil alkaline nitrogen and available phosphorus in different degrees, while soil application of B. pilosa straws decreased the content of soil available potassium. In addition, the soil application of straws had a certain promoting effect on the total nitrogen content, total phosphorus content and total potassium content of grape seedlings compared with the CK. Among all treatments, C. crepidioides straws maximized the nutrients content in the shoots of grape seedlings, which could provide reference for grape cultivation in Cd-contaminated areas

Biomass and cadmium accumulation in the field experiment.

<p>Plants were cultured in soil containing 1.8 mg added Cd (kg soil)⁻¹ for 60 d in a field experiment. Values are means (±SE) of three replicate plots. Different lowercase letters within a column indicate significant differences based on one-way analysis of variance in SPSS 13.0 followed by the least significant difference test (<i>P</i><0.05).</p><p>Biomass and cadmium accumulation in the field experiment.</p

Intercropping with hyperaccumulator plants decreases the cadmium accumulation in grape seedlings

In this experiment, four cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulator species (Crassocephalum crepidioides, Galinsoga parviflora, Sigesbeckia orientalis, and Solanum nigrum) were intercropped with grape (Vitis vinifera) cuttings together in Cd-containated soil to study the effects of intercropping with the Cd-hyperaccumulator plants on growth and Cd accumulation of grape seedlings. Compared with the monoculture, intercropping with S. nigrum increased the biomass of grape seedlings, but intercropping with the other three hyperaccumulator species decreased the grape seedling biomass. Intercropping with S. nigrum increased chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll contents in leaves of grape seedlings compared with the monoculture, whereas intercropping with the other three hyperaccumulator species showed either a decrease or no effect. Intercropping with hyperaccumulator plants had no significant effects on chlorophyll b and carotenoid contents in leaves of grape seedlings compared with the monoculture. Compared with the monoculture, intercropping with C. crepidioides, G. parviflora, S. nigrum and S. orientalis significantly decreased Cd contents in shoots of grape seedlings by 78.7%, 12.7%, 29.8% and 26.5%, respectively. Therefore, intercropping with hyperaccumulator plants can decrease Cd accumulation in grape, and intercropping with S. nigrum can also promote grape seedling growth

Cadmium extraction by <i>G. parviflora</i> in the pot experiment.

<p>Plants were cultured in soil containing 40 mg added Cd (kg soil)⁻¹ for 50 d. Values are means (±SE) of three replicate pots. Different lowercase letters within a column indicate significant differences based on one-way analysis of variance in SPSS 13.0 followed by the least significant difference test (<i>P</i><0.05). Translocation accumulation factor (TAF) = (Cd content in shoot×shoot biomass)/Cd content in root×root biomass.</p><p>Cadmium extraction by <i>G. parviflora</i> in the pot experiment.</p

Uniconazole (S-3307) strengthens the growth and cadmium accumulation of accumulator plant Malachium aquaticum

The effects of uniconazole (S-3307) application on the growth and cadmium (Cd) accumulation of accumulator plant Malachium aquaticum (L.) Fries. were studied through a pot experiment. The application of S-3307 increased the biomass and photosynthetic pigment content of M. aquaticum in Cd-contaminated soil, and also improved the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities in M. aquaticum. Application of S-3307 increased Cd content in shoots and decreased Cd content in roots of M. aquaticum, but the translocation factor (TF) of M. aquaticum increased with the increase of S-3307 concentration. For phytoextraction, the application of S-3307 increased Cd extractions by roots, shoots and whole plants of M. aquaticum, and the maxima were obtained at 75 mg L−1 S-3307, which increased by 22.07%, 37.79% and 29.07%, respectively, compared with their respective controls. Therefore, S-3307 can be used for enhancing the Cd extraction ability of M. aquaticum, and 75 mg L−1 S-3307 was the optimal dose