Additional file 2 of An atlas of associations between 14 micronutrients and 22 cancer outcomes: Mendelian randomization analyses

Additional file 2: Table S1. Characteristics of genome-wide association studies of exposures. Table S2. Details of instrumental variables used in mendelian randomization analyses. Table S3. Details of all mendelian randomization analyses associations. Table S4. Effects of instrumental variables on major risk factors of cancer (potential confounders)

Global, regional, national burden of headache disorders, 1990-2021, with forecasts to 2050: a Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Headache disorders, especially migraines and tension-type headaches (TTHs), are major global public health concerns, as shown by the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021. We provide updated global estimates of prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) from 1990 to 2021 across 204 countries and territories and forecasts through 2050. In 2021, there are 2.0 billion people with TTH and 1.2 billion with migraine. Although TTH is more prevalent, migraine causes higher disability. While crude prevalence and YLDs increased, age-standardized rates remained stable and are projected to continue this trend due to population growth. There is a disproportionately higher burden in women aged 30–44 and countries with higher Socio-demographic Index and Healthcare Access and Quality Index. Despite this, migraines remain underrecognized in health policies and funding. This study emphasizes the urgent need to prioritize headache disorders in global health agendas.</p

Additional file 1 of An atlas of associations between 14 micronutrients and 22 cancer outcomes: Mendelian randomization analyses

Additional file 1: Supplementary Checklist. Strengthening the reporting of observational epidemiological studies using the Mendelian randomization (STROBE-MR) Checklist. Exposure GWAS search strategy. Modified PRISMA flow chart. Supplementary Methods. Supplementary Figure 1. Genetic association of calcium with cancer outcomes. Supplementary Figure 2. Genetic association of copper with cancer outcomes. Supplementary Figure 3. Genetic association of iron with cancer outcomes. Supplementary Figure 4. Genetic association of magnesium with cancer outcomes. Supplementary Figure 5. Genetic association of phosphorus with cancer outcomes. Supplementary Figure 6. Genetic association of selenium with cancer outcomes. Supplementary Figure 7. Genetic association of zinc with cancer outcomes. Supplementary Figure 8. Genetic association of vitamin A1 (retinol) with cancer outcomes. Supplementary Figure 9. Genetic association of vitamin B6 with cancer outcomes. Supplementary Figure 10. Genetic association of vitamin B9 (folate) with cancer outcomes. Supplementary Figure 11. Genetic association of vitamin B12 with cancer outcomes. Supplementary Figure 12. Genetic association of vitamin C with cancer outcomes. Supplementary Figure 13. Genetic association of vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) with cancer outcomes. Supplementary Figure 14. Genetic association of vitamin E with cancer outcomes. Supplementary Figure 15. Genetic association of magnesium with breast cancer. Supplementary Figure 16. Genetic association of vitamin B12 with colorectal cancer. Supplementary Figure 17. Genetic association of magnesium with lung cancer. Supplementary Figure 18. Genetic association of selenium with liver cancer. Supplementary Figure 19. Genetic association of selenium with breast cancer. Supplementary Figure 20. Genetic association of iron with kidney cancer. Supplementary Figure 21. Genetic association of vitamin A1 (retinol) with cervical cancer. Supplementary Figure 22. Genetic association of iron with colorectal cancer. Supplementary Figure 23. Genetic association of phosphorus with uterine cancer. Supplementary Figure 24. Genetic association of vitamin C with colorectal cancer. Supplementary Figure 25. Genetic association of phosphorus with ovarian cancer. Supplementary Figure 26. Genetic association of vitamin C with liver cancer. Supplementary Figure 27. Genetic association of phosphorus with breast cancer. Supplementary Figure 28. Genetic association of vitamin B9 (folate) with cervical cancer. Supplementary Figure 29. Genetic association of vitamin A1 (retinol) with liver cancer. Supplementary Figure 30. Genetic association of vitamin E with uterine cancer. Supplementary Figure 31. Genetic association of vitamin A1 (retinol) with brain cancer. Supplementary Figure 32. Genetic association of magnesium with breast cancer, overall. Supplementary Figure 33. Genetic association of vitamin B12 with ovarian cancer, non-invasive. Supplementary Figure 34. Genetic association of zinc with colorectal cancer. Supplementary Figure 35. Genetic association of vitamin B12 with prostate cancer. Supplementary Figure 36. Genetic association of magnesium with ovarian cancer, invasive. Supplementary Figure 37. Genetic association of vitamin B12 with colorectal cancer. Supplementary Figure 38. Genetic association of selenium with colorectal cancer. Supplementary Figure 39. Genetic association of iron with colorectal cancer. Supplementary Figure 40. Genetic association of zinc with prostate cancer. Supplementary Figure 41. Genetic association of phosphorus with lung cancer, overall cancer type. Supplementary Figure 42. Genetic association of magnesium with breast cancer, luminal A-like. Supplementary Figure 43. Genetic association of magnesium with ovarian cancer, endometrioid. Supplementary Figure 44. Genetic association of phosphorus with breast cancer, HER2 enriched-like. Supplementary Figure 45. Genetic association of vitamin E with ovarian cancer, non-invasive serous. Supplementary Figure 46. Genetic association of vitamin B12 with lung cancer, adenocarcinoma. Supplementary Figure 47. Genetic association of copper with lung cancer, ever smoker. Supplementary Figure 48. Genetic association of vitamin C with breast cancer, HER2 enriched-like. Supplementary Figure 49. Genetic association of vitamin B12 with ovarian cancer, non-invasive serous. Supplementary Figure 50. Genetic association of copper with lung cancer, small cell carcinoma. Supplementary Figure 51. Genetic association of calcium with breast cancer, triple-negative. Supplementary Figure 52. Genetic association of zinc with ovarian cancer, invasive mucinous. Supplementary Figure 53. Genetic association of vitamin B12 with ovarian cancer, clear cell. Supplementary Figure 54. Genetic association of vitamin B9 (folate) with lung cancer, ever smoker. Supplementary Figure 55. Genetic association of vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) with lung cancer, small cell carcinoma

Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum Q180 on blood lipid levels and intestinal microbiota : a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel trial

Probiotics can improve the intestinal environment by enhancing beneficial bacteria to potentially regulate lipid levels; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum Q180 (LPQ180) on blood lipid levels and the intestinal microbiome environment from a clinical perspective. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted including 70 participants of both sexes, 20 years of age and older, with blood triacylglyceride (TG) levels below 200 mg/dL. Treatment with LPQ180 for 12 weeks significantly decreased LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.042) and apolipoprotein (Apo)B-100 (p = 0.003) levels, and decreased postprandial maximum concentrations (Cmax) and areas under the curve (AUC) of TG, chylomicron TG, ApoB-48, and ApoB-100. LPQ180 treatment significantly decreased total indole and phenol levels (p = 0.019). In addition, there was a negative correlation between baseline microbiota abundance and lipid marker change, which was negatively correlated with metabolites related to harmful bacteria. LPQ180 treatment may help prevent hypertriglyceridemia by improving fasting and postprandial blood lipid levels. In addition, LPQ180 effectively prevented the growth of harmful bacteria, particularly in subjects with higher baseline levels of harmful gut microbiota. Probiotics can improve the intestinal environment by enhancing beneficial bacteria to potentially regulate lipid levels; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum Q180 (LPQ180) on blood lipid levels and the intestinal microbiome environment from a clinical perspective. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted including 70 participants of both sexes, 20 years of age and older, with blood triacylglyceride (TG) levels below 200 mg/dL. Treatment with LPQ180 for 12 weeks significantly decreased LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.042) and apolipoprotein (Apo)B-100 (p = 0.003) levels, and decreased postprandial maximum concentrations (Cmax) and areas under the curve (AUC) of TG, chylomicron TG, ApoB-48, and ApoB-100. LPQ180 treatment significantly decreased total indole and phenol levels (p = 0.019). In addition, there was a negative correlation between baseline microbiota abundance and lipid marker change, which was negatively correlated with metabolites related to harmful bacteria. LPQ180 treatment may help prevent hypertriglyceridemia by improving fasting and postprandial blood lipid levels. In addition, LPQ180 effectively prevented the growth of harmful bacteria, particularly in subjects with higher baseline levels of harmful gut microbiota.</p

National trends and prevalence of atopic dermatitis and pandemic-related factors among Korean adults, 2007-2021

Introduction: Previous studies have variably reported inconclusive trends in the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) among adults, and there are limited data on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to investigate the national trends and age-stratified prevalence of AD among adults from 2007 to 2021 in South Korea, focusing mainly on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic-related factors. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2007 to 2021. Overall and age-stratified prevalence for AD were assessed using weighted beta coefficients or odds ratios. Results: A total of 83,566 adults over 20 years (male, 49.40%) were included. During the observation period, the prevalence of AD was stable in the overall population from 2.61% (95% CI, 2.29–2.93) in 2007–2009 to 2.15% (1.68–2.63) in 2020 and 2.38% (1.81–2.95) in 2021. However, the weighted prevalence of AD in adults aged 40–59 years old decreased during the pre-pandemic era, and the prevalence of AD in adults aged above 60 years significantly decreased during the pandemic, with a significant decline observed after the initial outbreak. From age-stratification analysis, the adults aged 40–59 years showed a significant increase after the pandemic outbreak which was evident in specific variables: individuals with rural residence, lower education, and lower household income quartiles. Adults aged above 60 years showed a significant decrease in the slope after the outbreak, evident in specific variables: individuals of female, rural residence, lower education, and lower household income quartiles. Conclusion: We observed a stable overall prevalence of AD throughout the 15-year observation period. However, the age-stratified analysis suggested significantly different trends according to age-stratified groups and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence of AD.</p

Incident allergic diseases in post-COVID-19 condition: multinational cohort studies from South Korea, Japan and the UK

As mounting evidence suggests a higher incidence of adverse consequences, such as disruption of the immune system, among patients with a history of COVID-19, we aimed to investigate post-COVID-19 conditions on a comprehensive set of allergic diseases including asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergy. We used nationwide claims-based cohorts in South Korea (K-CoV-N; n = 836,164; main cohort) and Japan (JMDC; n = 2,541,021; replication cohort A) and the UK Biobank cohort (UKB; n = 325,843; replication cohort B) after 1:5 propensity score matching. Among the 836,164 individuals in the main cohort (mean age, 50.25 years [SD, 13.86]; 372,914 [44.6%] women), 147,824 were infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the follow-up period (2020−2021). The risk of developing allergic diseases, beyond the first 30 days of diagnosis of COVID-19, significantly increased (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.13−1.27), notably in asthma (HR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.80−2.83) and allergic rhinitis (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.15−1.32). This risk gradually decreased over time, but it persisted throughout the follow-up period (≥6 months). In addition, the risk increased with increasing severity of COVID-19. Notably, COVID-19 vaccination of at least two doses had a protective effect against subsequent allergic diseases (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.68−0.96). Similar findings were reported in the replication cohorts A and B. Although the potential for misclassification of pre-existing allergic conditions as incident diseases remains a limitation, ethnic diversity for evidence of incident allergic diseases in post-COVID-19 condition has been validated by utilizing multinational and independent population-based cohorts.</p

National trends in the prevalence of unmet healthcare and dental care needs amid pandemic, 2009-2022: a Korean representative long-term serial study

No description supplied</p

National trends and prevalence of atopic dermatitis and pandemic-related factors among Korean adults, 2007-2021

Introduction: Previous studies have variably reported inconclusive trends in the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) among adults, and there are limited data on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to investigate the national trends and age-stratified prevalence of AD among adults from 2007 to 2021 in South Korea, focusing mainly on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic-related factors. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2007 to 2021. Overall and age-stratified prevalence for AD were assessed using weighted beta coefficients or odds ratios. Results: A total of 83,566 adults over 20 years (male, 49.40%) were included. During the observation period, the prevalence of AD was stable in the overall population from 2.61% (95% CI, 2.29–2.93) in 2007–2009 to 2.15% (1.68–2.63) in 2020 and 2.38% (1.81–2.95) in 2021. However, the weighted prevalence of AD in adults aged 40–59 years old decreased during the pre-pandemic era, and the prevalence of AD in adults aged above 60 years significantly decreased during the pandemic, with a significant decline observed after the initial outbreak. From age-stratification analysis, the adults aged 40–59 years showed a significant increase after the pandemic outbreak which was evident in specific variables: individuals with rural residence, lower education, and lower household income quartiles. Adults aged above 60 years showed a significant decrease in the slope after the outbreak, evident in specific variables: individuals of female, rural residence, lower education, and lower household income quartiles. Conclusion: We observed a stable overall prevalence of AD throughout the 15-year observation period. However, the age-stratified analysis suggested significantly different trends according to age-stratified groups and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence of AD.</p

Global, regional, and national burden of epilepsy in children and adolescents, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

No description supplied</p