As an instance of Mersin province on child rearing according to socioeconomic level

The aim of this study is to search the parents who have children aged between 3 to 6 years in Mersin’s Toros district, and to specify how their attitudes of child care- education. At the same time this study also searches the effects of parents’ socioeconomic level of child rearing.This study has been implemented on the 232 volunteer parents who have children aged between 3 and 6 years in Mersin’s Toros district. Applied family life and child care –education scale which has been developed with Öner and Torun (1989), consisted of questionnaires which will affect the attitudes of the parents in terms of child care- education and this includes   demographic information which will introduce the parents. These surveys have been performed by the parents who have children in Toros district’s Playschools, kindergartens and day care center by one-to-one interviews. The data which is obtained from surveys by the help of the SPSS 16.0 packet program has been evaluated by using the rate per cents, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, t- test of analysis of variance and one way ANOVA.In consequence of this assessment has been seen the significant differences between participants’ ages and protectiveness dimension F (3,228) = 2,553; p<0,050], and has been seen the meaningful differences between levels of income and overprotective dimension [f (4,227) =3, 361; p<0,050]As a consequence has been seen the significance of the family’s socioeconomic level of child rearing. Child-rearing attitudes of families with low socio-economic level had significantly more protective attitude

Assessment of self-efficacy levels of Toros University students

This study aimed to examine the self-efficacy levels of Toros University students according to some demographic characteristics between 2012-2013 academic year. The sample group includes 325 students studying in different departments in Toros University. Besides the questionnaire that contains demographic information, the self-efficacy scale was used in order to gather the data. The scale was developed Yıldırım and İlhan (2010).  One way ANOVA for more than two groups and t test analysis were used. The results showed that there was not any significant difference for self-efficacy levels of students according to their gender, age and families’ income level (p>0.05). As a result it could be said that self-efficacy levels of students did not differ according to the demographic variables which were examined in this research

Pengaruh Pengendalian Terhadap Disiplin Kerja Pegawai di Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum ( PDAM ) Tirta Intan Kabupaten Garut

Adanya fenomena rendahnya pengendalian yang disebabkan disiplin kerja pegawai yang belum optimal dilakukan di PDAM Tirta Intan Kabupaten Garut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menemukan data dan informasi mengenai besarnya pengaruh pengendalian terhadap disiplin kerja pegawai di Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Tirta Intan Kabupaten Garut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kausalitas dengan teknik pengumpulan data kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada 77 responden. Berdasarkan analisis statistik, terbukti adanya hubungan yang kuat antara pengendalian terhadap disiplin kerja di Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Tirta Intan Kabupaten Garut. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh antara pengendalian terhadap disiplin kerja di Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Tirta Intan Kabupaten Garut

Two extinct clupeomorphs

35 p. : ill. ; 26 cm.Includes bibliographical references (p. 31-34).Two extinct clupeomorphs, †Ellimma branneri from the Cretaceous of Brazil and †Diplomystus shengliensis from the Eocene of China, are redescribed. †Ellimma branneri was formerly classified within the Clupeiformes, but it lacks derived characters of clupeiforms and clupeoids. Dorsal scute 'wings' are expanded and subrectangular in †Ellimma and other members of the family †Paraclupeidae Chang and Chou (1977), approximately equal to †Ellimmichthyidae Grande (1982a). Consequently, †Ellimma branneri is classified here within the family †Paraclupeidae. †Paraclupeidae are known from the Lower Cretaceous to the middle Eocene. In the present work, two monophyletic groups are identified within the †Paraclupeidae. One group (subfamily †Paraclupeinae of Chang and Grande, 1997), known only from the Lower Cretaceous (Hauterivian-Albian), includes †Paraclupea, †Ellimmichthys, and †Ellimma. These taxa are united by strongly sculptured, skull-roofing bones with ridges radiating from the growth center, and a dorsal scute ornament of prominent ridges. †Scutatuspinosus may also belong in this group. The other group includes †Diplomystus (Upper Cretaceous-Eocene) and †Armigatus (Upper Cretaceous), which are united by a single homoplaseous character (presence of a posteriorly expanded third hypural, leaving no gap between hypurals 2 and 4): this character also occurs in pristigasteroids, †Erichalcis, osteoglossids, some elopomorphs (†Lebanichthys lewisi, and most Albula spp.), and a number of ostariophysans not included in our analysis. †Paraclupeines are customarily regarded as being more closely related to the Clupeiformes than to other teleosts (i.e., as clupeomorphs), although no derived characters are uniquely shared by †Ellimma branneri and modern Clupeiformes. The relationships of †Ellimma and certain other extinct herring-like teleosts (including other †paraclupeines) with the Clupeiformes are unclear, and they may collectively form a paraphyletic assemblage. No biogeographical hypothesis satisfactorily explains the known distribution of nonmarine †paraclupeine fishes in the Cretaceous. A substantial portion of their nonmarine fossil record is missing (as evidenced by the recent discovery of a possible †paraclupeine, †Ezkutuberezi carmeni Poyato-Ariza et al., 2000, in Spain), and some aspects of their early distribution pattern may have involved marine dispersal. Eocene †Diplomystus occurs on both sides of the Pacific Ocean, but the "Pacifica" hypothesis (which lacks empirical support) is abandoned as an explanation for such Eocene (and younger) trans-Pacific distribution patterns of nonmarine fishes. Instead, a "freshwater Arctic Ocean" hypothesis is favored. According to this hypothesis (for which there are several independent lines of geological evidence), temporary desalination of the Arctic Ocean occurred during the Paleocene and early Eocene, which may have permitted freshwater fishes to move unimpeded by salt-water barriers between Asia and North America; this temporary desalination event may eventually become recognized as a significant factor in the holarctic distribution patterns of various Tertiary-Recent freshwater fishes

Engineers

The only way for the organization, to become more innovative is to capitalize on their employee

Opinions of Otorhinolaryngology Residents about Their Education Process

Objective:Our study was planned to get the views of residents about the Otorhinolaryngology (ORL) education process and to enlighten the studies to make this process more effective.Methods:A questionnaire was sent to the residents who were still in the residency program in all education clinics via “Google Drive”. Seventy-four of 354 residents responded and the answers were evaluated electronically.Results:Fifty residents (67.56%) gave an affirmative answer to the question about the use of “Resident Log Book” and no difference was seen among the clinics. While 9 residents (12.16%) were reporting that they did not read any scientific papers, 43 (58.1%) reported they read less than three per month. Forty-one residents thougt that they were having a good and sufficient education. Seventeen residents (51.51%) who thought they were not having a sufficient education reported that the education period should be longer. When they were wanted to evaluate the education process, while 66 of them (89.18%) said “Exhausting”, 52 (70.27%) said “Stressful”, it was seen that the ones who said “Instructive” and “Rewarding” were 26 (35.13%) and 17 (22.97%) respectively. Further, 43 of 48 residents (89.58%) who were over the third year of their residency program indicated that they were unable to perform at least one procedure listed in the questionnaire after finishing their education.Conclusion:This study is important because it is the first study about the opinion of ORL residents and will help determine the current status in Turkey. This study will be useful for the preparation of educational programs and guides in the future