The Polumir granite: Addititional data on its origin

The Polumir granite is exposed on several localities due to erosion, and its chemical and mineral composition is presented in this paper. It is built of K-feldspar, plagioclase, myrmekite, metasomatic albite, biotite, muscovite and quartz, while apatite, magnetite, monazite, allanite and zircon are present as accessory minerals. According to its chemical and mineral composition and rock chemistry (trace and REE elements) the Polumir granite is leucocratic, sin-collisional, with S-type characteristics. It crystallized at temperature of about 650°C and under pressure of 2-4 kbar. Results of isotope analyses (K-Ar method on biotites) indicate that the Polumir granite was formed during the Miocene (14-19 Ma) and it has undergone subsequent weak remobilization afterwards

INOVATIVNOST KAO FAKTOR RAZVOJA MALIH I SREDNJIH PREDUZEĆA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI

Fеnоmеn mаlih i srеdnjih prеduzеćа imа vеоmа dugu i rаznоvrsnu istоriјupоstојаnjа i rаzvоја u mоdеrnim kаpitаlističkim zеmlјаmа sviјеtа. Nа nаšimprоstоrimа nаgli rаzvој mаlih i srеdnjih prеduzеćа sе vеzuје zа nаgli rаzvојprivаtnоg vlаsništvа, štо је zа pоslјеdicu imаlо inicirаnjе brojnih pоkušајаоsnivаnjа i nаstајаnjа nоvih malih i srednjih prеduzеćа. Znаčај malih i srednjihpreduzeća (u daljem tekstu МSP) оglеdа sе u ulоzi kојu оvа prеduzеćа imајu upоvеćаnju zаpоslеnоsti, divеrzifikоvаnju privrеdnе strukturе, inоvаtivnојаktivnоsti i tеhničkоm prоgrеsu, rеаlizаciјi širih društvеnih cilјеvа. U svijetustalnih ekonomsko-finansijskih promena praćenih stalnim finansijskiminovacijama, u uslovima globalne finansijske krize, kao uslov rasta i razvoja iprije svega opstanka MSP-a nameće se potreba uvođenja inovacija. Inovacijapredstavlja svaki sistem organizovanih i svrsishodnih aktivnosti usmjerenih nastvaranje promjena (novi proizvod, proizvodni proces, organizaciona struktura,stil upravljanja itd.). U radu ćemo posebnu pažnju posvetiti ulozi inovacija urastu i razvoju MSP-a. Izvršićemo presjek osnovnih teorijskih stavova o uloziinovacija u rastu i razvoju MSP-a, kao i analizu osnovnih parametara rasta irazvoja MSP-a. U radu ćemo izvršiti matematičku analizu vrijednovanja efekatauvođenja inovacija u MSP na rast i razvoj MSP-a. Cilj rada je da se vrijednosnokvantifikuje utjecaj uvođenja inovacija na rast i razvoj MSP-a. Cilj rada jeste,također, da se na bazi praktične interpretacije vrijednovanja uvođenja inovacijau MSP-a i analize dobre inostrane prakse, elaboriraju mogućnosti zapoboljšanje efekata uvođenja inovacija u MSP-a. U rаdu su kоrištеnе nаučnеmеtоdе dеdukciје, kоmpаrаtivnе аnаlizе i аnаlizе dоbrih primјеrа iz prаksе. Intеrprеtаciја dоbiјеnih rеzultаtа trеbа dа pоsluži kао оsnоvа zа stručnu i nаučnu diskusiјu о ulozi inovacija u rastu i razvoju MSP-a u Bosni iHercegovini

Influence of mental disorders on working ability assessment

Background/Aim. There is an increasing need for evaluation of working ability due to lower level of social protection of workers and growing number of patients with mental diseases in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). The aim of this study was to establish the influence of mental diseases on the occurrence of disability of I and III categories in B&H during the period from January 1st 2005 to December 31st 2006. Methods. This study involved 1 792 examinees with the complete loss of working ability (I disability category) (n = 921). Disability category III consisted of persons with limited working ability (n = 871). The instruments of research in this multricentric and retrospective study were the forms P-6 and D-2 for the years of service in B&H, and the form IN for persons with years of service abroad and personal features questionnaire (EPQ). Results. The study included 1 494 men (78.5%) and 298 women (21.5%). Univariant analysis represented very high statistical significance (p = 0.001) concerning: age (χ2 = 65.428), years of service (χ2=28.438), drinking (χ2 = 33.234), smoking (χ2=70.880), father’s education (χ2 = 58.124), migrations (χ2 = 14.874), sick leave (χ2 = 29.190), medical treatment (χ2 = 95.073) and rehabilitation (χ2 = 29.453). Multivariant analysis represented the influence on disability category I by parameters such as: years of service, sick leave, psychoticism and depression (p = 0.001). Hospital treatment and fatigation had influence on disability in both groups. Mental diseases are the leading cause in disability category I in 14.98% and in disability category III in 9.3% persons. Leading diseases in both disability categories were depression and schizophrenia followed by alcoholism, anxiety, brain organ psychosyndrome (BOPS) and other diseases. Conclusion. The following parameters have highest influence on the disability category: the years of service, sick leave, psychoticism, depression, and long-lasting disease, medical treatments and fatigation on the disability category III

The Mineral Resources of the Bor Metallogenic Zone: A Review

The Bor metallogenic zone is one of the most important metallogenic units in the Republicof Serbia. Volcanic processes in this unit are characterized by the domination of extrusivevolcanic activity, and the change of depositional environment during the numerous volcaniccycles, as well as facial transitions and huge deposition of syn- and post eruptive resedimentedvolcanoclastics. The predominant metals in the Bor metallogenic zone are copperand gold, accompanied by iron, base-metals, silver, molybdenum, and minor platinumgroupelements. The most prominent morphogenetic types of deposit comprise porphyrycopper-gold, cupriferous pyrite, massive base-metal sulphides and hydrothermal veins,iron oxides skarns, carbonate replacement polymetallic deposits, volcanogenic epithermalgold mineralization of the high sulphidation type, and exceptionally rare clasts of coppersulphide ore mechanically accumulated in small sedimentary basins filled by pyroclastics.The total production of the Bor metallogenic zone since 1902 has been near 652 Mt ofore with 4.93 Mt of copper and 280 tons of gold. Mineral resources of the Bor metallogeniczone are estimated at over 20 millions of tons of copper and 1,000 tons of gold. Themain geological characteristics of selected metallic mineral deposits in this area are describedin this paper.</p

Jačine i odnosi jačina mišića ekstenzora i fleksora kolena kod sportista nakon rekonstrukcije prednjeg ukrštenog ligamenta

Introduction Maximal strength ratios such as the limb symmetry index (LSI) and hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio (HQ) may be considered the main outcome measures in the monitoring of recovery after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Although explosive strength is much more important than maximal strength, it is generally disregarded in the follow-up of muscle function recovery. Objective The purpose of this study was to compare ratios between maximal (Fmax) and explosive strength (rate of force development - RFD) in individuals with ACL reconstruction. Methods Fifteen male athletes were enrolled and had maximum voluntary isometric quadriceps and hamstring contractions tested (4.0 ± 0.1 months post reconstruction). In addition to Fmax, RFD was estimated (RFDmax as well as RFD at 50, 100, and 200 ms from onset of contraction) and LS gt I and HQ ratios were calculated. Results The involved leg demonstrated significant hamstring and quadriceps deficits compared to uninvolved leg (p lt 0.01). Deficits were particularly significant in the involved quadriceps, causing higher HQ ratios (average 0.63), compared to the uninvolved leg (0.44). LSI was significantly lower for RFD variables (average 55%) than for Fmax (66%). Conclusion The assessment of RFD may be considered an objective recovery parameter for one's readiness to return to sports and should be an integral part of standard follow-up protocol for athletes after ACL reconstruction. Moreover, the combination of indices derived from maximal and explosive strength may provide better insight in muscle strength balance, as well as a clear picture of functional implications.Uvod Maksimalne jačine ekstenzora i fleksora kolena, njihov međusobni odnos (eng. hamstrings-to-quadriceps ratio; HQ), kao i indeks simetrije operisane i neoperisane noge (eng. limb symmetry index; LSI) važni su pokazatelji pomoću kojih se prati oporavak nakon rekonstrukcije LCA. Iako je za izvođenje brojnih funkcionalnih zadataka eksplozivna jačina važnija od maksimalne, ova sposobnost generalno je zanemarena u praćenju oporavka mišićne funkcije. Cilj rada bio je da se uporede odnosi (maksimalne jačine (Fmax) i odnosi eksplozivne jačine (eng. Rate of Force Development - RFD) kod sportista sa rekonstrukcijom LCA. Metode rada U studiju je uključeno 15 sportista, kojima je testirana maksimalna voljna izometrijska kontrakcija (MBK) ekstenzora i fleksora kolena (4,0 ± 0,1 meseca postoperativno). Pored Fmax, procenjivan je i RFD (RFDmax, kao i RFD na 50, 100 i 200 ms od početka kontrakcije) i računati odnosi jačine (LSI i HQ odnos). Rezultati Maksimalna jačina i ekstenzora i fleksora operisane noge bila je značajno niža nego kod neoperisane noge (p lt 0,01). Deficiti su bili posebno izraženi kod ekstenzora operisane noge, usled čega su i HQ odnosi na toj strani (prosečno 0,63) bili veći nego kod neoperisane noge (0,44). Indeks simetrije je bio značajno niži za varijable RFD (prosečno 55%) nego za Fmax (66%). Zaključak Procena eksplozivne jačine može biti još jedan objektivni pokazatelj oporavka i spremnosti za izlaganje specifičnim opterećenjima i kretnjama, zbor čega bi trebalo da bude deo standardnog protokola za praćenje sportista nakon rekonstpukcije LCA. Štaviše, kombinacija indeksa izvedenih iz maksimalne i eksplozivne jačine morala bi dati kompletniji uvid u balans jačine mišića za kretnje koje zahtevaju maksimalne i eksplozivne akcije, kao i jasnu sliku o funkcionalnim implikacijama

Analysis of factors influencing estrus cycle in dairy cows

The frequency of interestrus intervals between two inseminations during two annual period, from 1. 4. 2001 - 31. 3. 2003, on a farm with 500 Holstein-Frisian cows and milk production of 5500-6000 kg was analyzed. Periods of 1½ months of estrus cycles were presented by histograms for pregnant, nonpregnant and culled cows. Normal and multiple cycles indicate estrus detection errors, and were recorded in 26.70% / 22.73% and 33.25% / 33.77% cows, in the first and second analyzed periods, respectively. Short and prolonged estrus cycles were noted in 12.22% / 4.34%, and 10.07% / 7.36% cows, in the first and second analyzed periods respectively, and indicate nutritional disturbances and embryonal mortality. Disturbed estrus periods were found in 41.31% and 43.10% cows and heifers and were a consequence of other cumulate factors in herd sterility. Herd fertility improvement may be achieved with systematic work on prevention of ovarial dysfunction and proper records management

Alternating Consecutive Maximum Contraction as a Test of Muscle Function in Athletes Following ACL Reconstruction

The novel test based on isometric alternating consecutive maximal contractions performed by two antagonistic muscles has been recently proposed as a test of muscle function in healthy subjects. The aim of this study was to evaluate reliability and sensitivity of a novel test as a test of knee muscles function in athletes recovering from anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Fifteen male athletes with recent ligament reconstruction (4.0 +/- 0.1 months following the surgery) and 15 sport and physical education students participated in the study. Peak torques of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles assessed both through the alternating consecutive maximal contractions and standard isokinetic test performed at 60 ((degrees) under bar)/s and 180 ((degrees) under bar)/s served for calculation of the hamstrings-to-quadriceps ratio and the bilateral difference in strength. When applied on individuals recovering from anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, the novel test revealed a high within-day reliability and sensitivity for detecting imbalances both between antagonistic and between contralateral muscles. The present findings suggest that alternating consecutive maximal contractions could be used as a test of muscle function that is either complementary or alternative to the isokinetic test, particularly in the laboratories where the isokinetic devices are not available. Potential advantages of the novel test could be both a brief testing procedure and a possibility to conduct it using relatively inexpensive devices such as custom made kits containing a single one-axis force transducer

Kvalitet života starih u urbanoj i ruralnoj sredini u Srbiji

Background/Aim. The number of elderly people in the world is growing, in Serbia as well. Serbia is already among the top ten countries with the oldest population, it is the fact. Aging influences the quality of life in different ways. The aim of this study was to assess the health-related quality of life of the elderly in urban and rural areas in Serbia. Methods. The study included 100 elderly people aged 65 years and above in urban and rural areas in Serbia. The next questionnaires were used: a sociodemographic questionnaire and a Serbian version of standardized European Euro-QoL questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L), as a basic index for the assessment and description of the quality of life. Results. In the structure of the respondents, according to the achieved social contacts (p = 0.012), the life of those with family members (p = 0.009), and health status (p = 0.000), in relation to the place of residence there was a statistically significant difference. There was a significant difference (p = 0.040), predominantly poor score for anxiety/depression within the rural population. The average value of quality of life in urban and rural areas was not statistically significant (p = 0.720). For those living in rural areas there was a statistically significant positive correlation between anxiety/depression and age, wealth status, marital status, living with family members and achieving social contacts, while a negative correlation was observed between anxiety/depression and education. Conclusion. On the basis of the data of our study, we can say that the presence of anxiety/depression among older people is greater in rural than in urban areas. The results of this study show that the perception of anxiety/depression among older in rural areas is bigger with the age and poverty increasing, the loss of a spouse, life without family members, lack of achievement of social contacts and lower education.Uvod/Cilj. Broj starih osoba u svetu i Srbiji raste, a činjenica je i da se Srbija već nalazi među deset zemalja sveta sa najstarijim stanovništvom. Proces starenja na različite načine utiče na kvalitet života. Cilj rada bio je da se proceni kvalitet života u vezi sa zdravljem starih u urbanoj i ruralnoj sredini u Srbiji. Metode. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 100 starih osoba od 65 godina i više, u urbanoj i ruralnoj sredini. Korišćeni upitnici bili su sociodemografski upitnik i srpska verzija standardizovanog evropskog upitnika Euro- QoL (EQ-5D-3L), kao bazični indeks za procenu i opis kvaliteta života. Rezultati. U strukturi ispitanika prema ostvarivanju socijalnih kontakata (p = 0,012), životu ispitanika sa članovima porodice (p = 0,009) i zdravstvenom stanju (p = 0,000), u odnosu na mesto stanovanja, utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika. Nađena je značajna razlika (p = 0,040), sa dominacijom loših ocena, za usamljenost unutar ruralne populacije. Kod ispitanika koji žive u ruralnoj sredini utvrđena je statistički značajna pozitivna povezanost između usamljenosti i godina života, materijalnog stanja, bračnog statusa, života sa članovima domaćinstva i ostvarivanja socijalnih kontakata, dok je negativna povezanost uočena između usamljenosti i obrazovanja. Zaključak. Na osnovu podataka ove studije možemo reći da su usamljenije stare osobe u ruralnoj sredini. Rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazuju da se percepcija anksioznosti/ depresije kod starih u ruralnoj sredini povećava porastom godina starosti i siromaštva, gubitkom bračnog druga, životom bez članova porodice, neostvarivanjem socijalnih kontakata i nižim stepenom obrazovanja

INDIVIDUAL AND GENDER DIFFERENCES IN PERSONALITY INFLUENCE THE DIAGNOSIS OF MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

Background: In order to explore whether gender differences are present in self-reports on personality measures when all Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) participants are diagnosed at an equal intensity, the aim of this study was to investigate individual and gender differences in personality between healthy participants and those suffering from severe feature MDD. Subjects and methods: The sample consisted of 632 participants: 385 in the healthy control group and 247 MDD, the latter comprised of patients in their first diagnosed episode or recurrent. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) was used to measure symptom severity. Beck’s Depression Inventory was administered when depression symptoms had lessened, establishing it as minor when filling out the personality questionnaire (NEO-PI-R). Results: The results indicate a broad difference in personality between the healthy control and the MDD groups. High neuroticism and low extraversion, accompanied by low scores on openness and conscientiousness, were the most important personality dimensions in understanding distinctions. While agreeableness did not indicate any important role, it did significantly influence the understanding of gender differences within groups. Females were found more agreeable in both groups, but those from the healthy group were also more open and conscientiousness than healthy males. Females from the MDD group were found to be also higher on neuroticism than males of the same group. Conclusions: A general conclusion from the study is that personality dimensions are more important in understanding vulnerability to depression in comparison to gender differences in personality within groups. As females in the MDD group tend to self-report higher levels of agreeableness and neuroticism than do males in the same group when the level of their depression is categorized as equal MDD-severe type, this may influence practitioners to unequally diagnose depression in males and females

Anthropological Aspect of Death in Dialyzed Patients

The aim of this article is to compare the incidence of thanatophobia in dialysed patients having Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) with a control group (N18) members where some of them have chronic renal failure (CRF), but not (BEN).We examined thanatophobia on a sample of 753 dialysed patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) during the period from 1st January 2000 to 31st December 2006. The first group is a cohort consisted of 348 patients with Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), and the control group consisted of 405 randomly selected patients with different diagnoses of CRF (N18). The measurement instruments used were: General data list, Eysenck’s Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), Beck’s Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Hamilton’s Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and Mini- -Mental State Examination (MMSE). Univariante and multivariante statistical analyses were carried out. From the multivariante analysis, the highest correlations with thanatophobia were found in these variables: avoidance of dialysis in BEN group: R=0.985, OR=0.358, CI=0.483–0.728 (95%), and in control group: R=0.550, OR=0.935, CI=0.615–0.830 (95%), age, years on dialysis, education, pervasive fear with statistical significance P =0.001. BEN group differentiates from control group: BAI-total (R=1.110, OR=0.578 (95%), CI=0.770–0.890, P=0.001), HDRS-total (R=0.995, OR=1.290 (95%), CI=1.180–1.920 P =0.001. BEN group have lower scores than the control group in MMSE-total: (R=0.430, OR= 0.023 (95%), CI=0.034–2.850, P =0.001) which represents the organic part of anxiety. Thanatophobia is present in both groups, but it is more frequent in the BEN (11.70%) than in control group (7.50%). We found that thanatophobia occurs before dialysis, and that it is structured as a pervasive fear of death and is associated with endemia, years spent on dialysis, and avoidance of dialysis