Innate and adaptive immune responses following PD-L1 blockade in treating chronic murine alveolar echinococcosis.

BACKGROUND Programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint blockade is efficacious in certain cancer therapies. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to provide a picture about the development of innate and adaptive immune responses upon PD-L1 blockade in treating chronic murine AE. METHODS Immune treatment started at 6 weeks post E. multilocularis-infection, and was maintained for 8 weeks with twice per week anti-PD-L1 administration (intraperitoneal). The study included an outgroup-control with mice perorally medicated with albendazole five days/week, and another one with both treatments combined. Assessment of treatment efficacy was based on determining parasite weight, innate and adaptive immune cell profiles, histopathology, and liver tissue cytokine levels. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS Findings showed that the parasite load was significantly reduced in response to PD-L1 blockade, and this blockade a) contributed to T cell activity by increasing CD4+ /CD8+ effector T cells, and decreasing Tregs; b) had the capacity to re-store DCs and Kupffer cells/Macrophages; c) suppressed NKT and NK cells; and thus d) lead to an improved control of E. multilocularis infection in mice. This study suggests that the PD-L1 pathway plays an important role by regulating adaptive and innate immune cells against E. multilocularis infection, with significant modulation of tissue inflammation

Etude des interactions initiales entre moisissures et cellules épithéliales respiratoires dans les pathologies fongiques infectieuses (aspergillose invasive) et immuno-allergiques (pneumopathies d'hypersensibilité)

BESANCON-BU Médecine pharmacie (250562102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Molecular Strategies to Diagnose Mucormycosis

Molecular techniques have provided a new understanding of the epidemiology of mucormycosis and improved the diagnosis and therapeutic management of this life-threatening disease. PCR amplification and sequencing were first applied to better identify isolates that were grown from cultures of biopsies or bronchalveolar lavage samples that were collected in patients with Mucorales infection. Subsequently, molecular techniques were used to identify the fungus directly from the infected tissues or from bronchalveolar lavage, and they helped to accurately identify Mucorales fungi in tissue samples when the cultures were negative. However, these tools require invasive sampling (biospsy, bronchalveolar lavage), which is not feasible in patients in poor condition in Hematology or Intensive Care units. Very recently, PCR-based procedures to detect Mucorales DNA in non-invasive samples, such as plasma or serum, have proved successful in diagnosing mucormycosis early in all patients, whatever the clinical status, and these procedures are becoming essential to improving patient outcome

Die Fürstengruft in Pforzheim gehört Baden-Württemberg, doch wo sind die Überreste der beiden badischen Erbprinzen?

Fragt RA Winfried Klein in der heutigen FAZ http://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/kaspar-hausers-raetsel-zweiter-teil-sargverlust-in-der-fuerstengruft-11822206.html damit seine Studien zur Pforzheimer Fürstengruft fortsetzend, siehe http://archiv.twoday.net/stories/9705007

Impact de l'activité physique et de la sédentarité sur les facteurs de risque biologiques de l'instabilité de la plaque d'athérosclérose.

International audienc

Collection « Sciences durables », éditions Rue d'Ulm "Sciences durables" collection - Rue d'Ulm publications

Lancée en 2009 aux éditions Rue d’Ulm, notre collection est consacrée aux approches scientifiques du développement durable. Trois à quatre ouvrages sont publiés tous les ans et diffusés dans toute la France. Nous sommes à la recherche de nouveaux auteurs intéressés par ce projet

Moisissures et habitat: risques pour la santé et espèces impliquées

International audienc