Changes in Mobility of the Golden Hamster with Induction of an IL-1-Induced Arthritis

Many studies in animals have examined biochemical, immune and histological changes during arthritis; however, the study of the effects of arthritis on mobility has been largely neglected. Interleukin-1, administered by the intraarticular route into hamster knee joints, resulted in inhibition of spontaneous wheel running activity; however, the effect was transient, lasting only through the evening following IL-1 administration. A further injection of IL-1 2 days later showed still greater inhibition of running. The effect again did not extend beyond the first evening after injection. IL-1α and IL-1β showed equivalent effects on mobility, and no evidence was seen for cooperative interaction between them. A 50% inhibition of running occurred at a dose of approximately 10 ng/knee of IL-1α. The effect appeared not to be systemic since intraperitoneal injection required microgram amounts of IL-1 for an equivalent inhibition. At the time mobility had been restored to normal, histological examination showed the continued presence of inflammatory cells, soft tissue swelling and cartilage proteoglycan loss. These results suggest a lack of correlation between inhibition of mobility and histopathological changes in cartilage and soft tissue

Tratamentul ureterolitiazei ureterului inferior

Summary Even though the extraction of the ureteral stone with the loops is an old method, it still remains topical nowadays. In our hospital exept ESWL, we practiced the extraction using the Dormia loops Basket tip too. In our opinion this is the most efficient method. It was extracted in 61 patients from 339 with the inferior ureteral stone and most of them were gone in the first day after the surgery took place. Introducere. Este bine cunoscut faptul că ureterolitotomiile în regiunea treimei inferioare şi intramurale a ureterului sunt anevoioase. Aceasta este porţiunea oblică a ureterului, cu lungimea aproximativă de 5 cm, cuprinsă între orificiul şi unghiul ureteral. Telelitotriţia, litotriţia prin ureteroscopii şi litoextracţia cu ansă au produs o adevărată revoluţie în tratamentul chirugical clasic al calculilor ureterali. în diverse situaţii clinice am fost nevoiţi să practicăm extracţia calculilor ureterului inferior cu ansa Dormia. Materiale şi metode. S-au analizat fişele de observaţie a 339 pacienţi, cu vârsta medie cuprinsă între 18-77 ani, cu calculi ai ureterului inferior, care s-au tratat în Clinica Urologie SCR în perioada anilor 2001-2005 (187 femei şi 152 bărbaţi). La pacienţii cu urolitiaza uretemlui distal s-a încercat a extrage calculii cu ansa Dormia (Basket Tip), care, în opinia noastră, este mai eficientă comparativ cu ansa Teis (Lop Tip) şi cu ansa Tre Nail Tip. Fixarea calculului în coşul ansei şi extracţia s-a efectuat fără ghidaj radiologic. Calculii situaţii proximal de unghiul ureteral, mai sus cu 5-6 cm de la orificiu, nu s-au extras, din cauza pericolului major de traumatism ureteral la extracţie. Diametrul calculilor extraşi a fost de 0,4-0,6 cm. Rezultate. Din 339 pacienţi cu ureterolitiază inferioară, la 61 (18%) pacienţi s-au extras calculii cu ansa Dormia, dintre care 37 femei (60, 6 %) şi 24 barbaţi (39,4 %). La 38 (11,2 %) pacienţi s-a efectuat ureterolitotomia clasică. În cazul cînd calculii s-au inclavat în porţiunea intramurală, de la orificul ureteral şi 1,5 cm proximal la 39 pacienţi (10 %) s-a efectuat ureterotomia endoscopică. La 15 pacienţi cu colică renală nejugulată, în porţiunea inferioară, s-a aplicat catetirizarea ureterului blocat, de unde s-au extras calculi uraţi. La majoritatea pacienţilor dupa extracţia calculilor s-au instalat sonde ureterale pe 12 ore. După controlul radiologic, pe fundalul sondei ureterale, în lipsa febrei şi a durerilor lombare, pacienţii au fost externaţi în prima zi după extracţie. La 5 pacienţi din cauza acutizării pielonifritei pe fundalul tratamentului antibacterial, sondele ureterale s-au menţinut 3-4 zile, până la dispariţia febrei. La 2 pacienţi cu calculi uraţi renali şi ureterali, extraşi din treimea inferioară, s-au instalat sonde autostatice şi s-a administrat tratament ambulator corespunzător. La 14 pacienţi, de la 11-24 luni după extracţia calculilor cu ansa, s-a efectuat un control tardiv al funcţiei renale. La toţi pacienţii investigaţi tardiv funcţia renală s-a restabilit în 92,8%, cu excepţia unui pacient (7,2%) la care s-a depistat strictura ureterului inferior tip clepsidră, apărută postoperator. Concluzii: 1. Litoextracţia cu ansă rămâne o metodă eficientă care micşorează durata spitalizării şi urgentează restabilirea capacităţii de muncă. 2. În funcţie de mărimea şi de configuraţia calculului, extracţia cu ansa poate provoca un traumatism ureteral cu consecinţe corespunzătoare (acutizarea pielonefritei, strictura ureterului). 3. Ureterotomiile endoscopice pot trauma fibrele circulare musculare şi fibroase ale meatului ureteral care dereglează mecanismul antireflux

Unele aspecte ale tratamentului pielonefritei acute la gravide

Summary Pyelonefritis in pregnancy is a complicated condition with no clear evolution and not very good prognosis both the mother and the foetus. 35 pregnant patients were evaluated with ptyelonefritis. In all patients was treatment with favourable results included ureteral catheterizasion and insertion of autostatic stent like JJ stent. In the treatment of APN in pregnancy the decompression of renal pelvis playsan essential role with insertion of JJ stent having only minimal risk and complication. This also help in reducing the duration of treatment with antibiotics

Experienţa noastră în tratamentul chirurgical al incontinenţei urinare de efort (IUE) la femei

Summary 170 women with stress urinary incontinence has been operated according to Gonchar method in the Urological Clinic of the Clinical Republican Hospital during the period 2000-2005 years. 90,58% of patients have reported total continence rehabilitation after 3 months and 86,4% of patients - after 1 year. This method is efficient in the SUI treatment. Introducere. Circa 7 milioane de femei suferă de IUE în SUA, pentru ele sunt alocate 10,3 bilioane dolari destinate îngrijirii lor (Rowe și colab., 1989) si 4 milioane de femei în Anglia necesită 424 mln lire sterline pentru tratament (Continence Fundation, 2000). Astfel, IUE este o problemă nu numai medicală, dar si social-economică. Tratamentul IU la femei prezintă o problemă serioasă în uroginecologia contemporană. În prezent se întreprind mai multe eforturi pentru cercetarea acestei patologii și sunt elaborate o mulţime de metode noi de tratament, care permit ameliorarea situaţiei sau însănătoşirea completă a pacientelor. Scopul lucrării. Aprecierea rezultatelor precoce şi ale celor tardive ale tratamentului chirurgical al IUE la femei. Material şi metodă. În perioada anilor 2000-2005 au fost supuse intervenţiei chirurgicale 170 de femei cu IUE pură, fără patologie ginecologică sau neurologică asociată, vârsta fiind cuprinsă între 43 şi 64 ani (vârsta medie - 51,5 ani). Toate pacientele au acuzat pierdere de urină la efort fizic minim. Investigaţiile efectuate: cistograma cu micţie, sedimentul urinar, urocultura şi examinarea pe scaunul ginecologic pentru precizarea absenţei prolapsului genital. Din numărul total de femei, 140 ( %) au avut în antecedente naşteri care au decurs dificil; la 25 ( %) naşterile au decurs fără dificultăţi şi doar 5 (%) paciente nu au avut nici o naştere. Intervenţia chirurgicală practicată în clinica noastră - angularea uretrei după Goncear cu 2 lambouri de piele, ce constă în fixarea ţesutului parauretral de peretele abdominal, care, după părerea noastră, este o metodă mai fiziologică decât fixarea de simfiza pubiană. Durata medie de spitalizare a constituit 10 zile, cateterul uretral a fost menţinut în medie 7 zile. Rezultate şi discuţii. Controlul primar s-a făcut peste 3 luni de la efectuarea operaţiei şi la 1 an. La 3 luni: 154 de paciente (90,58%) au relatat dispariţia totală a simptoamelor de incontinenţă de urină chiar şi la eforturi fizice destul de pronunţate, 9(5,3%) au manifestat o ameliorare a simptomaticii: cantitatea de urină pierdută s-a micşorat considerabil şi efortul la care survenea pierderea de urină a devenit mai mare şi doar 7 paciente (4,1%) nu au manifestat nici un rezultat favorabil. La perioada de 1 an rezultatele au constituit, respectiv: 147 de paciente (86,4%) au dovedit o continenţă totală, iar 14 paciente (9.4% ) au relatat o îmbunătăţire. Din lotul total de paciente, la 3 luni după intervenţie, 90,6% au relatat o restabilire totală a continenţei, iar la 1 an numărul de paciente vindecate s-a micşorat cu 4,2%, ceea ce ne permite să concluzionăm că, în perioda mai tardivă, după operaţie, rata recidivelor creşte. Concluzii. În urma tratamentului chirurgical aplicat, peste 1 an la 86,4% paciente s-a restabilit continenţa totală a urinei şi nu au mai fost acuzate episoade de incontinenţă, ceea ce ne permite să afirmăm că intervenţia chirurgicală practicată în clinica noastră are o eficacitate înaltă în tratamentul IUE. În perioada tardivă, după intervenţie chirurgicală, creşte rata recidivelor reducându-se eficacitatea tratamentului

Adenoprosin efficacy in benign prostate hyperplasia treatment

Catedra de Urologie şi Nefrologie Chirurgicală USMF ”N. Testemiţanu”, Secţia Urologie IMSP Spitalul Clinic Republican, Spitalul raional Drochia, Spitalul raional Cahul, Al V-lea Congres de Urologie, Dializă şi Transplant Renal din Republica Moldova cu participare internaţională (1-13 iunie 2011)Summary. Conservative treatment occupies new positions in the therapy of BPH. This is due to several factors, including the increasing number of elderly patients and increasing of their associated diseases (60-90%), which does not allow radical treatment. Efficacy of conservative treatment is already proven by many clinical investigations, which induces an increased popularity of this method of treatment among urologists. The purpose of conservative treatment is not only to defer surgery in time, but is to obtain a high effect of sclerosis of prostate adenoma, and thereby cancellation of the surgery. Currently, pharmaceutical companies come with new and new groups of drugs, most effective in the treatment of BPH. One direction of future therapy in the treatment of BPH is bio-regulatory therapy with suppositories “Adenoprosin”, which is used successfully in the pharmacological treatment of prostate adenoma complicated with inflammatory processes such as acute and chronic prostatitis

Local Charge Excesses in Metallic Alloys: a Local Field Coherent Potential Approximation Theory

Electronic structure calculations performed on very large supercells have shown that the local charge excesses in metallic alloys are related through simple linear relations to the local electrostatic field resulting from distribution of charges in the whole crystal. By including local external fields in the single site Coherent Potential Approximation theory, we develop a novel theoretical scheme in which the local charge excesses for random alloys can be obtained as the responses to local external fields. Our model maintains all the computational advantages of a single site theory but allows for full charge relaxation at the impurity sites. Through applications to CuPd and CuZn alloys, we find that, as a general rule, non linear charge rearrangements occur at the impurity site as a consequence of the complex phenomena related with the electronic screening of the external potential. This nothwithstanding, we observe that linear relations hold between charge excesses and external potentials, in quantitative agreement with the mentioned supercell calculations, and well beyond the limits of linearity for any other site property.Comment: 11 pages, 1 table, 7 figure

Tratamentul chirurgical al Hiperplaziei Prostatice Benigne (HPB)

Summary The work is dedicated to comparative analysis of results of surgery treatment in patients with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia. The 543 patients with untreated prostate adenoma (exposed toadenoma removal - 415 patients, and transurethral resection - 128 patients). The analysis of the results demonstrated, that the rate and the character of intra- and post- operation complications depends considerably on rational choice of surgical intervenfion method (transvesical or transurethral) and quality of its realization. In present TUR remains the main method in the treatment of BPH, possessing many advantages and at the same time presenting many possibilities of simultaneous treatment of other diseases, which accompany BPH. Transvesical adenomaectomy remains a method of BPH treatment, having more narrow concrete indications: adenoma of great size and its combination with great or multiple urinary bladder stones

Our experience in acute pyelonephritis treatment in pregnancy

Secţia Urologie IMSP Spitalul Clinic Republican, Catedra Urologie şi Nefrologie Chirurgicală USMF „N.Testemiţanu”, Al V-lea Congres de Urologie, Dializă şi Transplant Renal din Republica Moldova cu participare internaţională (1-13 iunie 2011)Summary. It is known that during the pregnant morbidity the extragenital pathology is ranked on the first place. Although the pregnancy is a physiologic phenomenon, the vulnerability of the organism in pregnancy is increasing, especially the cardiovascular system that should ensure a complex sanguine circuit – placenta, and of the kidneys that should detoxify a supplemental weight of fetus. The renal pathology in pregnancy occupies the second rank between extrauterine pathologies. Under the influence of some factors, the increasing of PNA in pregnant patients could be observed. Pyelonephritis in pregnancy is a complicated condition with no clear evolution and not very good prognosis for both - the mother and fetus. 49 pregnant patients were evaluated with PNA. In all cases, a treatment was adjusted with favorable results, that included ureteral catheterization and insertion of autostatic stent like JJ stent. The PNA treatment in pregnancy implies the JJ stent insertion, that has an essential role in decompression of renal pelvis and have minimal risk of complications. This contributes to reduction of treatment duration with antibiotics

Kinase inhibitors for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders

Drugs targeting inhibition of kinases for the treatment of inflammation and autoimmune disorders have become a major focus in the pharmaceutical and biotech industry. Multiple kinases from different pathways have been the targets of interest in this endeavor. This review describes some of the recent developments in the search for inhibitors of IKK2, Syk, Lck, and JAK3 kinases. It is anticipated that some of these compounds or newer inhibitors of these kinases will be approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, organ transplantation, and other autoimmune diseases

Age-Specific Epigenetic Drift in Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease

Despite an enormous research effort, most cases of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) still remain unexplained and the current biomedical science is still a long way from the ultimate goal of revealing clear risk factors that can help in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of the disease. Current theories about the development of LOAD hinge on the premise that Alzheimer's arises mainly from heritable causes. Yet, the complex, non-Mendelian disease etiology suggests that an epigenetic component could be involved. Using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in post-mortem brain samples and lymphocytes, we have performed an analysis of DNA methylation across 12 potential Alzheimer's susceptibility loci. In the LOAD brain samples we identified a notably age-specific epigenetic drift, supporting a potential role of epigenetic effects in the development of the disease. Additionally, we found that some genes that participate in amyloid-β processing (PSEN1, APOE) and methylation homeostasis (MTHFR, DNMT1) show a significant interindividual epigenetic variability, which may contribute to LOAD predisposition. The APOE gene was found to be of bimodal structure, with a hypomethylated CpG-poor promoter and a fully methylated 3′-CpG-island, that contains the sequences for the ε4-haplotype, which is the only undisputed genetic risk factor for LOAD. Aberrant epigenetic control in this CpG-island may contribute to LOAD pathology. We propose that epigenetic drift is likely to be a substantial mechanism predisposing individuals to LOAD and contributing to the course of disease