Inkluzivna uloga civilnog sektora u pružanju usluga osobama sa invaliditetom u Republici Srbiji

The reform of the social welfare system since the beginning of year 2000 was directed towards expanding the actors of system, along with the development of quality, efficiency and effectiveness of the rights and services that are provided to the users. The engagement of civil society in providing services to persons with disabilities has been continuously upgraded towards increasing the effectiveness of services to empower users. The main objectives of this paper are the mapping of social services provided by civil sector, detection of obstacles in the development and implementation of social services of civil sector at local level, as well as assessment of users satisfaction with the provided services. Through analysis of documents, participation of the civil sector will be evaluated along with the mapping of the advantages and difficulties in the implementation of social services provided by the civil sector. Addition to this research is empirical research in the city of Kraljevo. Through a questionnaire addressed to the service providers and service users the content has been examined as well as the quality and possibilities of improving social services at the local level. The results show that certain types of social services are more frequent, daily services and services for independent living, while in the city of Kraljevo project activities are often implemented and the main problem is the lack of continuous funding. Service users are mostly satisfied with the engagement of providers and with improving personal awareness of additional activities in which they can participate and the rights that they can exercise. Research findings are that the civil sector promotes social inclusion of persons with disabilities, but it is necessary to engage public sector in the development and implementation of social services at the local level.Reforma sistema socijalne zaštite od početka 2000. godine bila je usmerena prema proširivanju aktera u sistemu, uz razvoj kvaliteta, efikasnosti i efektivnosti prava i usluga koje se pružaju korisnicima sistema socijalne zaštite. Angažovanje civilnog sektora u pružanju usluga osobama sa invaliditetom, kontinuirano je unapređivano u pravcu povećanja efektivnosti usluga za osnaživanje korisnika. U skladu sa tim, osnovni ciljevi ovog rada su mapiranje usluga socijalne zaštite koje pruža civilni sektor, detekcija prepreka u razvoju i sprovođenju socijalnih usluga civilnog sektora na lokalnom nivou, kao i procena zadovoljstva korisnika pruženim uslugama. Analizom sadržaja dokumenata biće predstavljene aktivnosti i evaluirano učešće civilnog sektora, uz mapiranje prednosti i teškoća u sprovođenju socijalnih usluga. Dodatak istraživanju predstavlja empirijsko istraživanje u Gradu Kraljevu, u kome su se putem upitnika koji su upućeni pružaocima usluga na lokalnom nivou i korisnicima usluga ispitivali sadržaj, kvalitet i mogućnosti unapređenja socijalnih usluga. Rezultati teorijskog i empirijskog istraživanja pokazuju da su određene vrste socijalnih usluga zastupljenije, dnevne usluge i usluge za samostalan život, dok se u Gradu Kraljevu češće sprovode projektne aktivnosti i kao glavni problem se javlja odsustvo kontinuiranog finansiranja. Korisnici usluga u najvećoj meri su zadovoljni angažovanjem pružalaca usluga i unapređenjem informisanosti o dodatnim aktivnostima u kojima mogu učestvovati i pravima koja mogu ostvariti. Zaključci istraživanja su da civilni sektor unapređuje socijalno uključivanje osoba sa invaliditetom, ali i da je neophodno dodatno angažovanje državnog sektora u razvoju i sprovođenju socijalnih usluga na lokalnom nivou

X-ray structural analysis of the BaO and TiO2 starting compounds and initial mechanochemical activation

The aim of this research was to obtain an initial characterization of the BaO and TiO2components, as well as to conduct preliminary research into the possibility of activating the initial components in order toobtain barium titanate. Chemical and X-ray structural analysis of the initial components was performed. In order to determine the possibility of applying a mechanochemical activator and the activation time in which the first intermediate compounds were formed by the activation of the starting substances, the system was activated for 30 minutes. After this, an X-ray structural analysis was performed and certain changes in the crystal lattice of the starting components were made. X-ray structural analysis showed that during grinding, amorphization of the initial components occurred, which is the first stage in the process of obtaining titanate, as well as the presence of a small amount of barium titanate, which is indicating the presence of an intermediate compound in the process of finally obtaining barium titanate

Liječenje i ishod trudnoća kompliciranih infekcijom COVID-19: deskriptivna studija jednog centra

This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics, radiological and laboratory results, therapy and outcome of pregnancies complicated by COVID-19 infection. Methodology. A retrospective descriptive study included all pregnant women with COVID-19 who gave birth in our hospital from April 2020 to January 2022. Exclusion criteria were: incomplete or unclear medical documentation, suspected COVID-19 infection without confirmation by PCR or rapid Ag test, previously diagnosed autoimmune diseases, positive history of malignant diseases, and started oxygen support in another institution before admission to our hospital. Results. Our study included 186 pregnant women who gave birth at KBC “Dr. Dragiša Mišović – Dedinje” in the mentioned period. Of these, 69 had no symptoms of COVID-19 infection, and 67 developed a milder clinical picture. In comparison, 41 pregnant women were diagnosed with bilateral pneumonia. A total of 38 pregnant women were admitted to the intensive care unit, of which 32 pregnant women needed oxygen support, 20 pregnant women were on an oxygen mask, 2 of them on a high-flow nasal canal, four pregnant women on non-invasive mechanical ventilation and six pregnant women on invasive mechanical ventilation. Of the total number of patients, 111 had a natural vaginal delivery, while 75 underwent cesarean section. Of 111 pregnant women who had a vaginal delivery, 92 (83%) received epidural analgesia, while 19 (17%) did not. Among pregnant women undergoing cesarean section, nine pregnant women (12%) received epidural anesthesia, 51 of them (68) received spinal anesthesia, while a cesarean section in 15 pregnant women (20%) was performed under general balanced anesthesia. Of 186 hospitalized and delivered pregnant women, 183 (98.4%) were discharged home in good general condition, while three (1.6%) had a fatal outcome. Conclusion. The clinical manifestations of pregnant women suffering from COVID-19 infection corresponded to the symptoms of the general population to the greatest extent. In contrast, the excessive use of antibiotics, even for asymptomatic patients, is very worrying.Ovo istraživanje ima za cilj opisati kliničke karakteristike, radiološke i laboratorijske nalaze, terapiju i ishod trudnoća kompliciranih infekcijom COVID-19. Metodologija. Retrospektivna deskriptivna studija obuhvatila je sve trudnice s COVID-19 koje su rodile u našoj bolnici od travnja 2020. do siječnja 2022. Kriteriji za isključenje bili su: nepotpuna ili nejasna medicinska dokumentacija, sumnja na infekciju COVID-19 bez potvrde PCR-om ili brzim Ag testom, prethodno dijagnosticirane autoimune bolesti, pozitivna anamneza malignih bolesti, te započeta potpora kisikom u drugoj ustanovi prije prijema u našu bolnicu. Rezultati. Našim istraživanjem obuhvaćeno je 186 trudnica koje su se u navedenom periodu porodile u KBC “Dr. Dragiša Mišović – Dedinje”. Od toga 69 nije imalo simptome infekcije COVID-19, a 67 je razvilo blažu kliničku sliku. Za usporedbu, kod 41 trudnice dijagnosticirana je obostrana upala pluća. Ukupno 38 trudnica primljeno je na jedinicu intenzivne njege, od čega su 32 trudnice trebale kisikovu potporu, 20 trudnica je bilo na kisikovoj maski, od toga 2 na visokoprotočnoj nazalnoj njezi, četiri trudnice na neinvazivnoj. mehaničkom ventilacijom i šest trudnica na invazivnoj mehaničkoj ventilaciji. Od ukupnog broja pacijentica, 111 je imalo prirodni vaginalni porod, a 75 je podvrgnuto carskom rezu. Od 111 trudnica koje su imale vaginalni porod, 92 (83%) dobile su epiduralnu analgeziju, a 19 (17%) nije. Od trudnica podvrgnutih carskom rezu, devet trudnica (12%) dobilo je epiduralnu anesteziju, njih 51 (68) spinalnu anesteziju, dok je carski rez u 15 trudnica (20%) obavljen u općoj uravnoteženoj anesteziji. Od 186 hospitaliziranih i porodilja, 183 (98,4%) otpuštene su kući u dobrom općem stanju, dok su tri (1,6%) imale smrtni ishod. Zaključak. Kliničke manifestacije trudnica oboljelih od infekcije COVID-19 u najvećoj su mjeri odgovarale simptomima opće populacije. Nasuprot tome, pretjerana uporaba antibiotika, čak i kod asimptomatskih pacijenata, vrlo je zabrinjavajuća

Molekularna identifikacija i karakterizacija dvojedarnih Rhizoctonia spp. prouzrokovača crne truleži korena jagode u Srbiji

Strawberry production is a popular, fast-growing agricultural business in Serbia. Its cultivar selection has been changing fast, following market demands. One of the limiting factors of strawberry production worldwide is black root rot, primarily caused by binucleate Rhizoctonia. Recently, outbreaks of black root rot of strawberry have occurred in Serbia and the estimated disease incidence was up to 30%. Isolates of binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-A were recovered from symptomatic strawberry plants, and characterized on the bases of morphological, molecular and pathogenic features. Despite their uniform morphological characteristics, the isolates demonstrated genetic variability within ITS rDNA, grouping into three different phylogenetic sub-clusters which comprise AG-A isolates originating from Italy, Israel, Japan and the USA. The binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-A from Serbia exhibited uniform virulence on strawberry after inoculation of daughter plants and detached leaf petioles, as well as on seedlings of bean, carrot and sunflower, while they were non-pathogenic to wheat, maize, tomato, pepper, tobacco, cucumber, lettuce, peas, cabbage, rapeseed and sugar beet.Proizvodnja jagode je popularna grana poljoprivrede u Srbiji koja se brzo razvija. Sastav sorti uključenih u proizvodnju podleže stalnim promenama u skladu sa zahtevima tržišta. Jedan od ograničavajućih faktora u proizvodnji jagode širom sveta je crna trulež korena, bolest koju najčešće izazivaju dvojedarne vrste roda Rhizoctonia. U Srbiji je poslednjih godina nekoliko puta zabeležena pojava crne truleži jagode uz učestalost koja je iznosila do 30%. Iz biljaka jagode sa simptomima izdvojeni su izolati dvojedarne Rhizoctonia AG-A i okarakterisani na osnovu morfološih i molekularnih osobina i patogenosti. Uprkos uniformnim morfološkim osobinama, izolati su ispoljili genetičku varijabilnost na osnovu sekvence ITS rDNK, grupišući se u tri različita filogentska sub-klastera koji su obuhvatali isolate iz Italije, Izraela, Japana i SAD. Izolati dvojedarnih Rhizoctonia AG-A poreklom iz Srbije ispoljili su uniformnu virulentnost na jagodi nakon inokulacija živića i fragmenata lisnih peteljki, kao i na sejancima pasulja, mrkve i suncokreta, dok nisu bili patogeni za pšenicu, kukuruz, paradajz, papriku, duvan, krastavac, salatu, grašak, kupus i šećernu repu

Botrytis squamosa - prouzrokovač lisne pegavosti luka u Bosni i Herzegovini

Over the past several decades, necrotic spots, lesions and blight symptoms have been observed on onion leaves in several locations in Bosnia and Herzegovina, where the crop is grown intensively. The type of symptoms indicated a possible infection with Botrytis squamosa, a widespread pathogen of onion. As symptoms of leaf spots and necrotic lesions can also be caused by some other biotic and abiotic factors, our research focused on identifying the causal agent of the observed symptoms. The pathogen was isolated from diseased tissue using standard phytopathological procedure and identified based on pathogenic and morphological features. Identification was confirmed by amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA (rDNA). The influence of temperature and growth medium on mycelial growth rate of the isolates was also studied.U poslednjih nekoliko godina, na nekoliko lokaliteta u području intenzivne proizvodnje crnog luka u Bosni i Hercegovini uočena je pojava nekrotičnih pega i sušenja lišća. Simptomi oboljenja ukazali su na moguće prisustvo široko rasprostranjenog patogena luka, vrste Botrytis squamosa. S obzirom da pegavost i nekrotične lezije na listu luka mogu biti prouzrokovane različitim biotičkim i abiotičkim faktorima, cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se precizno identifikuje prouzrokovač oboljenja. Patogen je izolovan primenom standardnih fitopatoloških metoda i identifikovan na osnovu proučenih patogenih i morfoloških karakteristika dobijenih izolata. Identifikacija je potvrđena amplifikacijom i sekvenciranjem ITS rDNA genomnog regiona. Takođe, proučen je uticaj temperature i hranljive podloge na porast izolata

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of mechanochemical transformation kinetics of sodium carbonate to bicarbonate

During mechanical activation, qualitative changes that can produce various phenomena occur in the material. In this study, anhydrous sodium carbonate was mechanically activated for 2, 7, 14, and 28 minutes in a vibro mill at a frequency of 3000 oscillations per minute. After activation, four series of activated samples were stored in the air at room conditions for 31 days (relaxation period). To monitor the kinetics of the transformation process of activated sodium carbonate samples, i.e. the mechanism of sodium bicarbonate formation during relaxation, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis was used. FTIR testing was performed as a function of relaxation time for all four series of samples, with characteristic groups observed: CO32-, HCO3- and OH-. The obtained results provided kinetics parameters for the transformation of sodium carbonate into sodium bicarbonate due to the chemisorption of moisture and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.Током механичке активације у материјалу се јављају квалитативне промене које могу произвести различите појаве. У овој студији, анхидровани натријум карбонат је механички активиран током 2, 7, 14 и 28 минута у вибро млину при фреквенцији од 3000 осцилација у минути. Након активације, четири серије активираних узорака су чуване на ваздуху у собним условима 31 дан (период релаксације). За праћење кинетике процеса трансформације узорака активираног натријум карбоната, односно механизма формирања натријум бикарбоната током релаксације, коришћена је FTIR спектроскопска анализа. Испитивање је извршено у функцији времена релаксације за све четири серије узорака, посматрањем карактеристичних група: CO3 2- , HCO3- и OH- . На основу резултата, добијени су кинетички параметри трансформације натријум карбоната у натријум бикарбонат услед хемисорпције влаге и угљен-диоксида из атмосфере

Uticaj mehanohemijske aktivacije komponenti na sintezu kordijeritne keramike za primenu u elektronici

The properties of cordierite, 2MgO·2Al2O3·5SiO2, makes this ceramics nowadays an attractive material, which can be used for various applications in electronics. As the sintering temperature of cordierite is very high (1375 °C), any decrease in the temperature at which cordierite is formed leads to economic benefits. Therefore, in this study, the mechanochemical activation of the initial components mixture for the synthesis of cordierite was applied with the aim to lower its sintering temperature. The effects of mechanochemical activation on the cordierite mixture were investigated. Changes in the specific surface area of the activated components were determined by the BET method. The TG method and mass loss were used to monitor the temperature- induced changes in the analyzed threecomponent system. Based on the obtained results, increase in specific surface area and weight loss with increasing activation time, a decrease in cordierite sintering temperature is expected.Kordijerit, 2MgO·2Al2O3·5SiO2, zbog svojih svojstava predstavlja izuzetno atraktivan keramički materijal koji se može primeniti u elektronici za različite namene. Kako je temperatura sinterovanja kordijerita veoma visoka (1375 °C), svako sniženje temperature na kojoj se formira kordijerit donosi ekonomski benefit. Zbog toga je u ovom radu primenjena metoda mehanohemijske aktivacije smeše polaznih komponenti za sintezu kordijerita sa ciljem sniženja njegove temperature sinterovanja. Ispitivani su efekti mehanohemijske aktivacije na kordijeritnu smešu. Povećanje specifične površine aktiviranih polaznih komponenti je praćeno BET metodom. TG metoda i gubitak mase primenjeni su za praćenje promena uslovljenih temperaturom u analiziranom trokomponentnom sistemu. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata, povećanja specifične površine i gubitka mase sa povećanjem vremena aktivacije, očekuje se sniženje temperature sinterovanja kordijerita

Integralni pristup u suzbijanju najvažnijih prouzrokovača bolesti cveća u zaštićenom prostoru

Disease causal agents are serious treat for the production of ornamentals under both open fi led and protected cultivation. Success in the disease prevention depends mainly on the level of knowledge on the specific requirements of the host plants, biology of the pathogen, disease epidemiology and the relationship between the parasite and the host plant. The selection of effective control measures is based on the comprehensive knowledge on all the factors contributing directly or indirectly to the disease development. The most important disease causal agents of ornamental plants under protected cultivation, required environmental conditions for disease development and cost-effective and environmentally safe control measures are discussed in this paper.Prouzrokovači bolesti predstavljaju veliki problem u proizvodnji cveća, kako na otvorenom polju, tako i u zaštićenom prostoru. Uspeh u sprečavanju pojave i razvoja oboljenja u velikoj meri zavisi od stepena poznavanja specifi čnih zahteva biljke domaćina, biologije patogena, epidemiologije bolesti i odnosa parazit i biljka- domaćin. Samo na osnovu dobrog poznavanja svih činilaca koji direktno ili indirektno utiču na razvoj oboljenja moguće je primeniti kompleks mera kojima se sprečavaju štete. U radu je dat pregled najvažnijih prouzrokovača bolesti cveća u zaštićenom prostoru, uslovi u kojima nanose štete, mera koje je neophodno primeniti sa ciljem njihovog efikasnog, ekološki i ekonomski prihvatljivog suzbijanja, kao i mera koje umanjuju rizik razvoja rezistentnosti na fungicide

Monitoring of the Surface Ozone Concentrations in the Western Banat Region

This paper presents the results of measuring the concentrations of ozone, VOCs (benzene, toluene, m- and p-xylene, o-xylene and ethylbenzene), nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2 and NOx), CO, H2S, SO2 and PM10 in the ambient air in parallel with recording the meteorological parameters: temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed and direction during the year 2009. The measurements were performed at the measuring station located within an agricultural area near the city of Zrenjanin (Serbian Banat, Serbia). The results are presented in this paper as average values in winter and summer vs. time of day, and as average daily values vs. measurement date. Several correlations of the ozone concentration vs. atmospheric observables were made, together with Principal Component Analysis. The statistical analysis of the obtained data, based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA), led to result that 80.87 % of the variance in the measured values could be described with five factors. A high level of intercorrelation of VOCs, NOx and CO was determined. These pollutants were all grouped in factor 1, which described 42.85 % of variances of the measured values. According to the VOCs/NOx and VOCs/CO ratios (which were 0.26 and 0.029, respectively), it was determined that production of tropospheric ozone is a VOCs sensitive process for the investigated region

Uticaj vremena relaksacije aktivirane smeše na sintezu keramike za namenu u elektronici

Due to its properties, cordierite, 2MgO·2Al2O3·5SiO2, is nowadays an attractive ceramic material for various applications but with very high sintering temperature. Mechanochemical activation of the initial components mixture was performed in order to decrease the sintering temperature. DTA method was used to monitor the temperature induced changes in the analyzed three-component system. Since previous research has pointed out that the relaxation time can influence the activated components in terms of chemical changes and the activation degree, it was important to determine whether it has an impact on the observed activated system. The influence of the relaxation time on the activated components mixture was analyzed by FT IR spectroscopy of both the initial components and the activated mixture after 24h and 24 months relaxation periods.Zahvaljujući svojim svojstvima, kordijerit, 2MgO·2Al2O3·5SiO2, danas je atraktivan keramički materijal za razne primene, ali sa vrlo visokom temperaturom sinterovanja. Mehanohemijska aktivacija smeše početnih komponenti izvedena je da bi se snizila temperatura sinterovanja. DTA metoda je korišćena za praćenje temperaturnih promena u analiziranom trokomponentnom sistemu. Kako je ranijim istraživanjima utvrđeno da vreme relaksacije može da utiče na aktivirane komponente u smislu hemijskih promena i stepena aktiviranosti, bilo je značajno utvrditi ima li uticaj i na posmatrani aktivirani system. Uticaj vremena relaksacije na smešu aktiviranih komponenata analiziran je FT IR spektroskopijom i početnih komponenti i aktivirane smeše nakon 24h i 24 meseca perioda relaksacije