175 research outputs found

    Regular semisimple Hessenberg varieties with cohomology rings generated in degree two

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    A regular semisimple Hessenberg variety Hess(S,h)\mathrm{Hess}(S,h) is a smooth subvariety of the flag variety determined by a square matrix SS with distinct eigenvalues and a Hessenberg function hh. The cohomology ring H(Hess(S,h))H^*(\mathrm{Hess}(S,h)) is independent of the choice of SS and is not explicitly described except for a few cases. In this paper, we characterize the Hessenberg function hh such that H(Hess(S,h))H^*(\mathrm{Hess}(S,h)) is generated in degree two as a ring. It turns out that such hh is what is called a (double) lollipop.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figure

    Modular law through GKM theory

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    The solution of Shareshian-Wachs conjecture by Brosnan-Chow and Guay-Paquet tied the graded chromatic symmetric functions on indifference graphs (or unit interval graphs) and the cohomology of regular semisimple Hessenberg varieties with the dot action. A similar result holds between unicellular LLT polynomials and twins of regular semisimple Hessenberg varieties. A recent result by Abreu-Nigro enabled us to prove these results by showing the modular law for the geometrical objects, and this is indeed done by Precup-Sommers and Kiem-Lee. In this paper, we give elementary and simpler proofs to the modular law through GKM theory.Comment: 17 page, 5 figure

    A case report of acute dermatitis that developed during an experiment examining the bromination of 3-hexylthiophene

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    Occupational cases with allergic reaction to fragrance substances, which refer to various chemicals providing aroma characteristics, are arising with its recent usage diversification from pharmaceutical, perfume industry to aromatic remedies. However, chemicals responsible for fragrance allergy have hardly been identified because its component is complex and its sensitization is not frequent. This report will present a case of acute allergic dermatitis that is likely induced by 3-hexylthiophene, one of aromatic compounds often contained in fragrance substances. The case, who was a 27-year male researcher engaged in organic chemical synthesis for six years, was exposed to 3-hexylthiophene and its product (2-bromo-3-hexylthiophene) through an experiment in May 2004 and itching, swelling and eczema immediately developed from face to back. This case of sensitization to 3-hexylthiophene suggests that it be a possible allergen for fragrance allergy

    About park management dedicated to skateboarding in city park administration : Taking Naruto City's community opening facility "UZU Park" as an example

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    In recent years, an increasing number of local governments have set up skate parks as a means to foment "town development through the transmission of youth culture" in their city park strategy. In light of this movement, our research focused on the skateboard-only "UZU Park" opened in the public stadium in 2018 by Naruto City, Tokushima Prefecture, and analyzed the literature materials, and interviewed the administrative staff to discover how the facility was introduced. The purpose was to examine the significance and problems of the town development strategy focusing on its functional aspects. We found that the introduction of a skate park as a unique children's play park was part of a redevelopment project of the former site due to the reduction of the spectator seats of the boat race track, while public competitions were also required to shift local attitudes towards "active co-creation". This initiative is part of a strategy to be the best in one’s region, and it became clear how it was expected to become a symbol and landmark of the town. In order to dispel the negative image of both skateboarding and boat races, it is also considered that the positive effect of the additional event of the Tokyo Olympics of skateboarding was utilized in the image enhancement strategy of the boat races. The convenience of transportation and the location of the public stadium, which is easily accessible, were also important factors in converting to a new co-creation space. Furthermore, with the declining birthrate and diversification of lifestyles, the value and attractiveness of new sports that can be freely enjoyed with a sense of leisure that does not adapt to the existing definition of mainstream sports have permeated. However, because it is a specialized facility, the number of users is limited, and there is a concern that non-skaters will be excluded. In that sense, in addition to building a coexistence model, such as the active utilization method of the general public, analysis, and verification of utilization effects will likely become issues for future study

    Benzodiazepine prescription and length of hospital stay at a Japanese university hospital

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    BACKGROUND: The relationship between bed days and benzodiazepine prescription (BDZ) in Western countries is inconclusive, and no hospital-based report has documented this phenomenon in Japan. This study was done to assess the association between bed days and BDZ in a Japanese hospital. METHODS: 21,489 adult patients (55.1% men, mean age 59.9 years old) hospitalized between April, 2005 and December, 2006 were enrolled in the study. Patient age, sex, ICD-10 diagnosis, prescription profile, and days of hospital stay were assessed in 13 non-psychiatric departments using a computer ordering system. Patients prescribed a benzodiazepine during hospitalization were defined as positive. RESULTS: Of the total sample, 19.9% were allocated to the benzodiazepine (+) group. Female sex and older age were significant factors associated with benzodiazepine prescription. The median number of bed days was 13, and the likelihood of BDZ significantly increased with the number of bed days, even after controlling for the effects of age, gender, and ICD-10 diagnosis. For example, when the analysis was limited to patients with 50 bed days or longer, the percentage of BDZ (32.7%) was equivalent to that of a report from France. CONCLUSION: Irrespective of department or disease, patients prescribed benzodiazepine during their hospital stay tended to have a higher number of bed days in the hospital. The difference in the prevalence of BDZ between this study and previous Western studies might be attributed to the relatively short length of hospital stay in this study. Because BDZs are often reported to be prescribed to hospitalized patients without appropriate documentation for the indications for use, it is important to monitor the rational for prescriptions of benzodiazepine carefully, for both clinical and economical reasons

    Factors associated with the use of dietary supplements and over-the-counter medications in Japanese elderly patients

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    BackgroundThe use of dietary supplements and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs is increasing, and there is adequate concern about potential harmful effects. However, there are limited reports on the concurrent use of nonprescription medications with prescription medications in elderly patients. Therefore, this study was conducted to describe the use of dietary supplements and OTC drugs, and to identify predictors for their use in elderly patients using medications prescribed for chronic diseases.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study that enrolled 729 patients aged ≥65 years with chronic diseases, between January and March 2016. Data regarding socio-demographic status, medical condition, number of prescriptions, use of nonprescription medications, and psychological status were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and by review of medical records. Data regarding use of dietary supplements and OTC drugs were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate factors associated with the use of dietary supplements and OTC drugs.ResultsThe regular use of nonprescription drugs was reported by 32.5% of patients. Vitamins were the most commonly used dietary supplements in elderly patients. Female sex, higher educational qualifications, and good economic status were identified as predictors for the use of nonprescription medications. Concurrent use of nonprescription medications with more than 5 prescription medications was detected in 12.2% of participants. The disclosure rate of the use of nonprescription medications by patients to the physician was 30.3%.ConclusionThe use of dietary supplements and OTC drugs was common in elderly patients with chronic diseases, and its use is associated with sex, education, and economic status. General practitioners (GPs) need to recognize the potential use of nonprescription medications, considering that polypharmacy was common and disclosure rate was low in this study

    The Effects of Switching to On-Demand on Learning Outcomes in First-Year PBL Courses

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    本研究では,対面授業とオンデマンド授業の違いが,初年次PBL科目における学習成果の違いに与える影響を検討した。分析の結果,オンデマンド授業において協同作業認識尺度における協同効用のスコアが対面授業より高い傾向がみられた一方で,協同作業をネガティブに評価する尺度である互恵懸念のスコアが対面授業より低い傾向がみられた。加えて,学習成果全体を観察した場合,オンデマンド授業において,授業に適応的でない学生数が減少し適応的な学生数が増加するという改善がみられた。In this study, we examined the effect of the difference between face-to-face and on-demand classes on the differences in learning outcomes in first-year PBL courses. As a result, it was found that the score of the usefulness of cooperation in the belief in cooperation scale tended to be higher in the on-demand class than in the face-to-face class, while the score of inequity, which is a scale to evaluate collaborative work negatively, tended to be lower in the on-demand class than in the face-to-face class. In addition, when observing the overall learning outcomes, the number of students who were not adaptive to the class decreased and the number of adaptive students increased in the on-demand class

    Crustal structure and growth of the Forearc region of Izu-Ogasawara arc

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    (独)海洋研究開発機構(JAMSTEC)では、2002年から伊豆・小笠原・マリアナ島弧において、大陸地殻の生成過程を明らかにすることを目的に構造調査を進め、現在の島弧地殻のボリュームより多くの玄武岩マグマが必要で島弧地殻を生成する過程でマフィックな島弧地殻の一部をマントル内に戻していること(Takahashi et al., 2007, 2008; Tatsumi et al., 2008)、火山フロントと背弧側の地殻の厚さ分布には相関があり過去のリフティングが検出されたこと(Kodaira et al., 2009)などがわかってきた。前弧域の地殻に関しては、厚い地殻と薄い地殻が存在すること(Takahashi et al., 2011)、地磁気異常から島弧的な構造があること(Yamazaki and Yuasa, 1998)がわかっているが、地殻構造から実証されていなかった。前弧域の地殻構造を求め、地殻進化の影響をどの程度受けているのか、前弧域の島弧成長を明らかにするために、(独)海洋研究開発機構の深海調査船「かいれい」を用いて人工地震探査を行った。 地震探査の測線は、新黒瀬からスミス海脚、第二東鳥島海丘、大町海山を通って、小笠原トラフに至る。得られた速度構造から前弧域は25km程度の地殻の厚い部分と10~15km程度の薄い部分があることが明らかになった。厚い地殻は、北緯32.5度付近、スミス海脚、第二東鳥島海丘、大町海山の下に分布する。新黒瀬側は厚い地殻を持たない。大町海山の内部には異常に厚い下部地殻が分布する。薄い地殻が分布するところでは、堆積層が厚く地殻の厚さの半分近くを占める。大町海山以外の地殻が厚く分布するところでは、P波速度6km/sの速度コンターが上に凸、7km/sの速度コンターが下に凸の形状を示す。火山フロントに沿った地殻構造では、むしろ6km/s以下の速度を持つ層が厚いことが示されている(Kodaira et al., 2007)。これは、前弧域下の島弧地殻は、火山フロント下と比較して未分化な物質を多く含むことを示唆おり、過去の掘削結果とも整合する(e.g., Taylor, 1992)。前弧海盆下の島弧地殻の分布は、地磁気異常の空間分布(Yamazaki and Yuasa, 1998)とよく合致する。新黒瀬周辺で見られる地磁気異常は、本研究から明らかになった地殻が薄く地殻全体が盛り上がっている形状と合致する。伊豆小笠原島弧の本州弧への衝突が新黒瀬の浅海部を作っているものと示唆される。SCG66-03発表要旨 / 日本地球惑星科学連合2012年大会(2012年5月20日~5月25日, 幕張メッセ国際会議場) / 日本惑星科学連合の許諾に基づき本文ファイルを掲

    Japanese regional-quota medical students in their final year are less motivated to work in medically underserved areas than they were in their first year: a prospective observational study

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    Introduction: In Japanese medical schools, a special regional quota (chiikiwaku) system has been widely implemented to increase the number of physicians in medically underserved areas (MUAs). Regional quota students are required to take out a student loan but are exempted from repayment after fulfilling an approximately 9-year obligatory practice period. This study investigated the anticipated willingness of final-year regional quota students to remain in MUAs after their obligatory practice period, as well as factors associated with this willingness during students’ first year.Methods: The participants in this prospective observational study were all regional quota students at Japanese medical schools. Baseline data were collected when students were in their first year, and their anticipated willingness to remain in MUAs after their obligatory practice period was the primary outcome, determined by questionnaire during the students’ final year. The association between baseline data and willingness to remain in MUAs was analyzed by the Χ2 test and logistic regression analysis.Results: At baseline, 405 first-year students in 38 medical schools answered the questionnaire; of these, 208 (51.4%) students were followed up 5 years later. The proportion of regional quota students who anticipated being willing to remain in MUAs decreased from 52.3% to 19.2% after 5 years. In multivariate analysis, anticipated willingness to remain in MUAs in the sixth year was associated with rural upbringing (odds ratio (OR) 2.1), influence of income on work preference (OR 0.3) and willingness to remain in MUAs as assessed during the first year (OR 3.3).Conclusions: Regional quota students’ anticipated willingness to remain in MUAs decreased as they progressed through medical school. To increase the number of physicians in MUAs, it may be useful to recruit regional quota students who come from rural areas, who do not place a high priority on expected incomes, and who initially anticipate a willingness to remain in MUAs
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