Pheno- and genotyping of Pasteurella multocida isolated from goat in Iran

In this study, phenotype, capsular type and some virulence factors (pfha1, tbpA, and toxA) of caprine Pasteurella multocida were described in 10 isolates from goat. Two biochemical biovars were recognized among the isolates based on dulcitol and sorbitol fermentation. The isolates belonged to biovars P. multocida sub. multocida (80%) and P. multocida sub. septica (20%). Capsular typing of isolates by PCR demonstrated two capsular types A (90%) and D. Among 3 virulence genes detected by PCR, we found a remarkable high prevalence of tbpA (80%) and toxA (70%) genes among caprine isolates. The high prevalence of these genes owning association of disease status among healthy animals showed high potential of the strains in induction of disease. The high prevalence of toxA and tbpA among goat is very similar to the ones in sheep isolates. Comparison of virulence genes profile showed possibility of P. multocida transmission between sheep and goat

Redox Modulation at Work: Natural Phytoprotective Polysulfanes From Alliums Based on Redox-Active Sulfur

Purpose of review: This article provides a brief overview of natural phytoprotective products of allium with a special focus on the therapeutic potential of diallyl polysulfanes from garlic, their molecular targets and their fate in the living organisms. A comprehensive overview of antimicrobial and anticancer properties of published literature is presented for the reader to understand the effective concentrations of polysulfanes and their sensitivity towards different human pathogenic microbes, fungi, and cancer cell lines. Recent findings: The article finds polysulfanes potentials as new generation novel antibiotics and chemo preventive agent. The effective dose rates of polysulfanes for antimicrobial properties are in the range of 0.5–40 mg/L and for anticancer 20–100 μM. The molecular targets for these redox modulators are mainly cellular thiols as well as inhibition and/or activation of certain cellular proteins in cancer cell lines. Summary: Antimicrobial and anticancer activities of polysulfanes published in the literature indicate that with further development, they could be promising candidates for cancer prevention due to their selectivity towards abnormal cells

Phylogenic typing of Escherichia coli isolated from broilers with collibacillosis in Tabriz, North West of Iran

In this study, to know about the phylogeny of Escherichia coli isolated from broilers with collibacillosis in Tabriz, 70 E. coli isolates recovered from broilers with collibacillosis were characterized for phylogenetic group (A, B1, B2, D) by multiplex PCR. Of the all 70 samples, 35 (50%) isolates were classified as type A, 32 (45%) as type D, 2 (2.8%) as type B1 and 1 (2.8%) as type B2. This study demonstrates the high prevalence of E. coli types A and D in infected broilers. This shows that the collibacilosis-causing E. coli bacteria are typical commensals, type A alongside pathogenic type, D in Iran. It is possible that this type of E. coli could acquire virulence genes from pathogenic types. Of course, such a claim needs further study

Non-invasive intracranial pressure measurement using transcranial doppler sonography and support vector machines

Current techniques used for intracranial pressure (ICP) measurement are invasive. All require a surgical procedure for placement of a pressure catheter in the central nervous system (CNS) and therefore are associated with risk and morbidity. In this study we propose a noninvasive method for ICP measurement based on signal processing techniques.. In this method a non-linear relationship is used to determine ICP based on two more accessible parameters, namely arterial blood pressure (ABP) and the blood velocity of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) measured using the transcranial doppler (TCD) device. The clinical investigation of the proposed method shows high similarity between the invasively recorded intracranial pressure (ICP) and the predicted ICP using our proposed method under intensive care unit (ICU) conditions. A correlation of r=0.976 was achieved between the predicted ICP and the invasively ICP measurements, which shows a highly sensitive procedure in noninvasive ICP measurement.4 page(s