42 research outputs found

    BCR-associated factors driving chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells proliferation ex vivo

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    International audienceA chronic antigenic stimulation is believed to sustain the leukemogenic development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and most of lymphoproliferative malignancies developed from mature B cells. Reproducing a proliferative stimulation ex vivo is critical to decipher the mechanisms of leukemogenesis in these malignancies. However, functional studies of CLL cells remains limited since current ex vivo B cell receptor (BCR) stimulation protocols are not sufficient to induce the proliferation of these cells, pointing out the need of mandatory BCR co-factors in this process. Here, we investigated benefits of several BCR co-stimulatory molecules (IL-2, IL-4, IL-15, IL-21 and CD40 ligand) in multiple culture conditions. Our results demonstrated that BCR engagement (anti-IgM ligation) concomitant to CD40 ligand, IL-4 and IL-21 stimulation allowed CLL cells proliferation ex vivo. In addition, we established a proliferative advantage for ZAP70 positive CLL cells, associated to an increased phosphorylation of ZAP70/SYK and STAT6. Moreover, the use of a tri-dimensional matrix of methylcellulose and the addition of TLR9 agonists further increased this proliferative response. This ex vivo model of BCR stimulation with T-derived cytokines is a relevant and efficient model for functional studies of CLL as well as lymphoproliferative malignancies. Like in most mature lymphoproliferative malignancies, an antigenic stimulation is believed to drive the leukemo-genic process in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) 1-3. A restricted use of IGHV genes and the existence of ste-reotypic B cell receptor (BCR) on CLL cells 4-6 provides evidence in favor of antigenic stimulation where different microbial antigens, as well as auto-antigens, have been suspected as actors of this chronic stimulation 7. In addition , a chronic BCR self-activation has been shown in subtypes of CLL cells 8. Moreover, several signaling aberrations have been described downstream of the BCR, notably in aggressive CLL with unmutated IGHV (UM-CLL), in which the expression of ZAP70 reinforces BCR responsiveness 9-12. BCR activation, which is essential for the physiological development of lymphocytes 13 would also be indispensable for the survival and proliferation of CLL cells in vivo 2. Accordingly, withdrawal of this stimulation is believed to be responsible for the rapid spontaneous apoptosis of CLL cells ex vivo 14. The cellular consequences of this BCR activation has been extensively studied an

    New methodologies in mass spectrometry for proteomic analysis,application to the discovery of new biomarkers in leukaemia

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    Cette thèse porte sur le développement de nouvelles méthodologies pour l'étude des protéines membranaires par spectrométrie de masse afin de trouver de nouveaux biomarqueurs dans le cadre des leucémies. Pour cela, nous avons élaboré une stratégie combinanThis thesis deals with the development of new mass spectrometry strategies in order to study plasma membrane proteins and to find new specific biomarkers in various form of leukaemia. In this aim, we have developed an approach combining plasma membranes

    New methodologies in mass spectrometry for proteomic analysis,application to the discovery of new biomarkers in leukaemia

    No full text
    Cette thèse porte sur le développement de nouvelles méthodologies pour l'étude des protéines membranaires par spectrométrie de masse afin de trouver de nouveaux biomarqueurs dans le cadre des leucémies. Pour cela, nous avons élaboré une stratégie combinant la séparation de mélanges de protéines membranaires issues de microparticules sur gel d'électrophorèse à une dimension, découpe systématique et analyse par nanoLC-MS/MS. A partir des résultats présentés dans cette thèse, nous avons pu mettre en évidence des protéines membranaires exprimées de façon différentielle entre les différents cas de leucémies.Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons appliqué la stratégie SELDI-TOF à des sérums de différents patients. Cette approche nous a permis de mettre en évidence trois protéines exprimées de façon différentielle entre le groupe témoin et le groupe malade. L'expression de ces protéines de discriminer de manière non ambiguë les témoins des patients.This thesis deals with the development of new mass spectrometry strategies in order to study plasma membrane proteins and to find new specific biomarkers in various form of leukaemia. In this aim, we have developed an approach combining plasma membranes proteins originating from microparticles, separated on 1D gel electrophoresis, cut each 2mm and nanoLC-MS/MS analysis. From the results presented in this thesis, we have found various plasma membranes proteins as potential biomarkers expressed differentially in function of the different leukemia.In a second time, we have applied the SELDI-TOF strategy on serums originating from various patients. This approach has permitted the identification of three different proteins over expressed in the patient group. The quantification of these proteins allows the classification of the patients versus the controls

    Nouvelles méthodologie dans l'analyse protéomique par spectrométrie de masse (Application à la recherche de biomarqueurs dans le cadre des leucémies)

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    Cette thèse porte sur le développement de nouvelles méthodologies pour l étude des protéines membranaires par spectrométrie de masse afin de trouver de nouveaux biomarqueurs dans le cadre des leucémies. Pour cela, nous avons élaboré une stratégie combinant la séparation de mélanges de protéines membranaires issues de microparticules sur gel d électrophorèse à une dimension, découpe systématique et analyse par nanoLC-MS/MS. A partir des résultats présentés dans cette thèse, nous avons pu mettre en évidence des protéines membranaires exprimées de façon différentielle entre les différents cas de leucémies.Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons appliqué la stratégie SELDI-TOF à des sérums de différents patients. Cette approche nous a permis de mettre en évidence trois protéines exprimées de façon différentielle entre le groupe témoin et le groupe malade. L expression de ces protéines de discriminer de manière non ambiguë les témoins des patients.This thesis deals with the development of new mass spectrometry strategies in order to study plasma membrane proteins and to find new specific biomarkers in various form of leukaemia. In this aim, we have developed an approach combining plasma membranes proteins originating from microparticles, separated on 1D gel electrophoresis, cut each 2mm and nanoLC-MS/MS analysis. From the results presented in this thesis, we have found various plasma membranes proteins as potential biomarkers expressed differentially in function of the different leukemia.In a second time, we have applied the SELDI-TOF strategy on serums originating from various patients. This approach has permitted the identification of three different proteins over expressed in the patient group. The quantification of these proteins allows the classification of the patients versus the controls.STRASBOURG-Sc. et Techniques (674822102) / SudocSudocFranceF

    An optimized and load-balanced portable parallel zbuffer

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    International audienceThis paper describes the parallel implementation of the Zbuffer algorithm on different kinds of distributed memory machines. In computer graphics domain, the Zbuffer is one of the most popular and fastest techniques to generate a surfacic representation of a scene consisting of objects in a 3-dimensional world. To improve this method we develop a parallel algorithm which uses a hypercube topology, load-balancing techniques and portable global communications phases
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