Structure of Polish isolates of Bipolaris sorokiniana and effect of different pathotypes on spot blotch severity of selected spring barley cultivars

Spot blotch of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana, is worldwide and economically one of the most important diseases. The structure of the B. sorokiniana population is not uniform. Within isolates of this species, there are strains that differ in virulence and aggressiveness. The aim of the study was to determine the variability of virulence within Polish isolates of B. sorokiniana and to test selected strains of this fungus terms of their pathogenicity in relation to different spring barley cultivars. The diversity of 70 Polish isolates of B. sorokiniana was determined based on the reaction of three spring barley test lines – Bowman, ND5883 and NDB12 with a certain susceptibility to infection by this pathogen and compared to three isolates of B. sorokiniana: ND93-1 classified to pathotype 0, ND85F – pathotype 1 and ND90Pr – pathotype 2. In the population of 70 isolates of B. sorokiniana, two pathotypes – 0 (14 isolates) and 1 (56 isolates) were identified. The mean values of leaf infection index evaluated for lines – Bowman, ND5883 and NDB12 in the case of B. sorokiniana isolates of pathotype 0 ranged: 17.08, 25.42 and 18.13, respectively, and in the case of B. sorokiniana isolates of pathotype 1: 15.57, 59.81 and 17.98, respectively. In the second experiment, the susceptibility of 8 spring barley cultivars to leaf infection by 10 selected isolates of B. sorokiniana (5 of pathotype 0 and 5 of pathotype 1) was tested. The mean value of leaf infection index calculated for analyzed cultivars in experimental combination with pathotype 0 isolates of B. sorokiniana was 1.56, and in the case of isolates of pathotype 1 was 16.58

Sistemas de Preparo do Solo e Características Espectroscópicas da Matéria Orgânica em Ambientes Tropicais e Subtropicais Brasileiros.

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Matéria orgânica do solo na integração lavoura-pecuária em Mato Grosso do Sul.

Nas condições ambientais da região centro-oeste do Brasil; o plantio direto (PD), aliado à rotação de culturas e pastagens, é apontado como a forma de manejo do solo mais adequada para conciliar produtividade com sustentabilidade. Os efeitos deste sistema de manejo sobre a dinâmica da matéria orgânica (MOS) e a agregação do solo foram estudadas a partir da avaliação de três experimentos de longa duração, localizados em Mato Grosso do Sul. As avaliações consistiram na determinação do teor e dos estoques de carbono orgânico total (COT) e de C nas frações da MOS, particulada (MOP) e associada aos minerais do solo (MOM). Foram determinados também a agregação do solo via peneiramento em água e a seco, o diâmetro médio ponderado 9MP) e o índice de estabiliade dos agregados (IEA).bitstream/item/38779/1/BP200529.pd

Índice de humidificação obtido através da fluorescência induzida por lazer.

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The Current Role of Viability Imaging to Guide Revascularization and Therapy Decisions in Patients With Heart Failure and Reduced Left Ventricular Function

This review describes the current evidence and controversies for viability imaging to direct revascularization decisions and the impact on patient outcomes. Balancing procedural risks and possible benefit from revascularization is a key question in patients with heart failure of ischemic origin (IHF). Different stages of ischemia induce adaptive changes in myocardial metabolism and function. Viable but dysfunctional myocardium has the potential to recover after restoring blood flow. Modern imaging techniques demonstrate different aspects of viable myocardium; perfusion (single-photon emission computed tomography [SPECT], positron emission tomography [PET], cardiovascular magnetic resonance [CMR]), cell metabolism (PET), cell membrane integrity and mitochondrial function (201Tl and 99mTc-based SPECT), contractile reserve (stress echocardiography, CMR) and scar (CMR). Observational studies suggest that patients with IHF and significant viable myocardium may benefit from revascularization compared with medical treatment alone but that in patients without significant viability, revascularization appears to offer no survival benefit or could even worsen the outcome. This was not supported by 2 randomized trials (Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure [STICH] and PET and Recovery Following Revascularization [PARR] -2) although post-hoc analyses suggest that benefit can be achieved if decisions had been strictly based on viability imaging recommendations. Based on current evidence, viability testing should not be the routine for all patients with IHF considered for revascularization but rather integrated with clinical data to guide decisions on revascularization of high-risk patients with comorbidities.Peer reviewe

Quantum properties of the parametric amplifier with and without pumping field fluctuations

The parametric amplifier with and without the pumping fluctuations of coupling function is considered when the fields are initially prepared in coherent light. The pumping fluctuations are assumed to be normally distributed with time-dependent variance. The effects of antibunching and anticorrelation of photons on the photon distribution, correlation between modes and factorial moments are demonstrated. A possible enhancement of photon antibunching for certain values of initial mean photon numbers is shown and discussed. We have shown also that new states (called modified squeezed vacuum states or even thermal states) can be generated from such an interaction. Further, we have demonstrated that the sum photon-number distribution can exhibit collapses and revivals in the photon-number domain somewhat similar to those known in the Jaynes-Cummings model.Comment: 17 pages, 6figure

Acute Decline in Renal Function, Inflammation, and Cardiovascular Risk after an Acute Coronary Syndrome

Background and objectives: Chronic kidney disease is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular outcomes. The prognostic significance of worsening renal function has also been shown in various cohorts of cardiac disease; however, the predictors of worsening renal function and the contribution of inflammation remains to be established. Design, setting, participants, & measurements: Worsening renal function was defined as a 25% or more decrease in estimated GFR (eGFR) over a 1-mo period in patients after a non-ST or ST elevation acute coronary syndromes participating in the Aggrastat-to-Zocor Trial; this occurred in 5% of the 3795 participants. Results: A baseline C-reactive protein (CRP) in the fourth quartile was a significant predictor of developing worsening renal function (odds ratio, 2.48; 95% confidence interval, 1.49, 4.14). After adjusting for baseline CRP and eGFR, worsening renal function remained a strong multivariate predictor for the combined cardiovascular composite of CV death, recurrent myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure or stroke (hazard ratio, 1.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.1, 2.3). Conclusions: Patients with an early decline in renal function after an acute coronary syndrome are at a significant increased risk for recurrent cardiovascular events. CRP is an independent predictor for subsequent decline in renal function and reinforces the idea that inflammation may be related to the pathophysiology of progressive renal disease