ヘイアンジョガクイン ニ オケル カンコウ ホスピタリティ キョウイク ノ セイリツシ オ メグル ケンキュウ

大学における観光系学部学科開設に伴い、観光ホスピタリティ教育という分野の研究が興隆した。しかし、同分野の研究は概念の定義や手法、女子教育との連関など諸課題を抱えている。本稿では、現代的女子教育の可能性の提示と、多様化に合致した観光ホスピタリティ教育の構築のために、女子教育を振り返り、観光ホスピタリティ教育との接点を検討する。構成ではまず観光学部設置の経緯を追い、平安女学院大学を事例に観光ホスピタリティ教育の現状を述べる。次に日本の女子教育に影響を与えた女子ミッションスクールの理念と、良妻賢母教育の関係に言及する。最後に、平安女学院の変遷から、女子教育が良妻賢母、英語、秘書教育から観光ホスピタリティ教育に移行した様とその連関を明らかにする。以上により、「良妻賢母教育」が現在の国内外観光客への「おもてなし」の原点として、「観光ホスピタリティ教育」に導入されたことへの裏付けが可能になった。The department of tourism and hospitality management has been founded in many colleges.Especially most of women\u27s colleges have established these courses so as to make students get employment in tourism industries. However, these researches and educational methods related to women\u27s education are still in progress. This paper insists on new possibilities for the development of tourism and hospitality courses in contemporary women\u27s education on undergraduate level. These educational systems could be expanded to respond to diverse needs from tourism industries. Thepaper also focuses on the historical background of women\u27s education related to tourism and hospitality. The paper discusses three main issues. First, it demonstrates the process of the establishment of atourism department at Heian Jyogakuin University and explains its present status. Second, it refers to the philosophy of girls\u27 Christian universities in Japan and its encouragement to make girls goodwives and wise mothers. Third, it demonstrates how Heian Jyogakuin University shifted its gears from making a good wife and wise mother into English and secretarial education and tourism and hospitality education. Finally the paper concludes that the education to make a good wife and wisemother was the starting point of tourism and hospitality education

Ilustração científica: os caminhos entre a Arte e a Ciência

Para um ilustrador científico do mundo natural é preciso dominar tanto as habilidades técnicas de ilustração como aspectos relacionados às ciências biológicas. É o momento onde a arte e a ciência caminham juntas. Dessa forma este trabalho foi realizado por uma ilustradora formada em Turismo e uma bióloga, que juntas elaborarão uma chave pictórica para uma família de insetos aquáticos. As ilustrações foram elaboradas com auxílio de estereomicroscópio com câmera clara e luz para circulação de fibra óptica. A técnica utilizada foi o esboço em papel vegetal com grafite e depois a aplicação em nanquim com bico de pena, baseado em pontilhismo e linhas. Entre as características morfológicas mais utilizadas para identificação da família Hydropsychidae destacam-se o formato das brânquias abdominais e o comprimento da garra anal. Os detalhes observados nos desenhos evidenciam a dependência e a importância das informações nas ilustrações para um boa chave de identificação zoológica. No entanto, a técnica de ilustração científica nem sempre é uma prática comum entre os pesquisadores, precisando do auxílio de um ilustrador de outras áreas

Bromocriptine Mesylate Attenuates Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Phase 2a, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Research in Japanese Patients.

OBJECTIVE:Bromocriptine mesylate (BRC), a dopamine D2 receptor agonist has been shown to confer neuroprotection, sustained motor function and slowed disease progression in mouse models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Here we report a first in human trial in ALS. DESIGN:A multicenter, Riluzole add-on, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled 102-week extension BRC clinical trial. METHODS:The trial was conducted between January 2009 and March 2012 on 36 Japanese ALS patients. A 12-week treatment with Riluzole observational period was followed by combined treatment (Riluzole + BRC; n = 29 or Riluzole + placebo; n = 7). The dosing commenced at 1.25 mg/day increasing in steps at two weeks intervals to a maximum of 15 mg/day. The efficacy of BRC was evaluated by comparing BRC and placebo groups upon completion of stepwise dosing at 14 weeks 2 points (1st endpoint) and upon completion or discontinuation of the study (2nd endpoint) of the dosing. RESULTS:Statistics analyses revealed a marginal BRC treatment efficacy with P≦20%to placebo by 1st and 2nd endpoint analysis. In the 1st endpoint analysis, BRC group was significantly effective on the scores of ALSAQ40-communicaton (P = 1.2%), eating and drinking (P = 2.2%), ALSFRS-R total (P = 17.6%), grip strength (P = 19.8%) compared to the placebo group. In the 2nd endpoint analysis, differences between the scores of Limb Norris Scale (P = 18.3%), ALSAQ40-communication (P = 11.9%), eating and drinking (P = 13.6%), and neck forward-bent test (P = 15.4%) of BRC group were detected between the two groups. There was no significant difference between the treatment groups for adverse events or serious drug reactions incidence. CONCLUSIONS:BRC sustains motoneuronal function at least in part through BRC treatment. Further analysis involving a Phase 2b or 3 clinical trial is required but BRC currently shows promise for ALS treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION:UMIN Clinical Trials UMIN000008527