Impact of abrasion on mass loss and appearance of injected slub yarn fabrics

Effect of different slub parameters, viz. slub length, slub thickness and slub frequency, on abrasive damage of knitted fabric has been studied. Abrasive damage has been assessed by two ways, namely using loss in fabric mass and deterioration of fabric appearance due to abrasion. The effect of slub parameters, viz. slub length, its thickness and frequency in the injected slub yarn on mass loss of fabric due to abrasion is found to be different than consequent damage in surface appearance. It is observed that the visual effect of abrasion damage of fabric surface appearance is entirely opposite to that of conventional method of measuring abrasion damage in terms of fabric mass loss. In case of slub yarn fabrics, it is possible to have higher damage in surface appearance but lower mass loss of fabric and vice versa due to abrasion

Transmittance behaviour of curtain fabrics under natural lighting conditions

The light transmittance behaviour of four different coloured curtain fabrics has been studied under natural lightingconditions (morning, afternoon and evening). The intensity of incident sunlight and transmitted light from the samples aremeasured using Luxmeter, in an enclosed black chamber. The percentage of transmitted light is calculated with reference tothe incident sunlight, to study the influence of colour and number of fabric layers. It is observed that the transmittancebehaviour of curtain fabrics is highly influenced by its colour due to the spectrum of colours, which is followed by theinfluence of number of layers and sunlight conditions. Further, the transmittance % of curtain is also influenced by thewavelength of incident sunlight

Studies on serviceability of jute geotextiles in unpaved roads at different rainfall conditions

Geotekstili u cestama osiguravaju bolje pojačanje i funkcije odvodnjavanja. Za potrebe ispitivanja, čiji rezultati su objavljeni u ovom radu, položeno je jutenog geotekstila/geojute površinske mase 760 g/m2 u neasfaltiranim cestama s pješčanim slojem i bez pješčanog sloja, u trajanju od 30, 60 i 90 dana koji su bili izloženi simuliranoj kiši 50 i 100 mm/h. Uočeno je da na prekidnu čvrstoću, prekidno istezanje i otpornost na probijanje, koji utječu na funkciju pojačavanja jutenim tekstilom, značajno utječe prisutnost pješčanog sloja u konstrukciji ceste. Zatim su ispitani utjecaj intenziteta kiše i vrijeme upotrebe. Pješčani sloj i intenzitet kiše su značajno utjecali na prosječnu veličinu pora koja utječe na funkciju drenaže jutenog tekstila.Geotextiles in roads provide better reinforcement and drainage functions. In this paper, 760 g/m2 grade jute geotextiles/geojute were laid in unpaved road designs with and without sand layer, for durations of 30, 60 and 90 days, and were subjected to 50 and 100 mm/hour simulated rainfall. It was observed that the tensile strength, breaking elongation and puncture resistance properties, which influence the reinforcement function of jute geotextiles are significantly influenced by the presence of sand layer in road design, which was followed by rainfall intensity and duration of usage. The average pore size which influences the drainage function of jute geotextiles was highly influenced by the sand layer and rainfall intensity

Effect of Parameters on the Runoff Erosion Control Performance of Structurally Modified Jute and Coir Geomeshes over Loamy Sand

Soil erosion is a serious environmental problem that can be controlled using bioengineering techniques. In using a bioengineering technique, temporary reinforcement is performed with geomeshes until vegetation takes root. In this study, structurally modified jute and coir geomeshes were tested for runoff erosion control and runoff volume over loamy sand at different slope angles. The laboratory results revealed that all parameters (slope angle, type of weave and type of material) had a significant effect on the erosion control performance of geomeshes. The slope angle contributed most (52.34%) to runoff erosion control, followed by weave type (25.79%) and type of material (12.28%). At lower and medium slope angles (of 15o and 30o, respectively) the twill-woven structure of coir geomeshes provided better erosion control than plain- and satin-woven structures, while plain-woven jute geomeshes demonstrated better erosion control at all slope angles. To understand the overall impact, a germination test was also conducted. According to the germination test results, the twill weave of jute geomeshes provided the highest rooting length. In general, plain-woven jute geomeshes are preferred for better erosion control on a high slope angle, while plain and twill can be used on a low slope angle

Effect of process parameters on tensile properties of cotton sewing thread used in reinforcement layer of drafting aprons

In this study, the influence of different process variables on mechanical properties of cotton thread to be used as reinforcement thread has been investigated and the conditions for imparting minimum elongation and maximum tenacity are identified. Single yarn twist, plied yarn twist and mercerization stretch are optimized based on the responses evaluated. The optimization of the parameters has been carried out by using response surface methodology. It is observed that the thread elongation is significantly affected by mercerization stretch setting followed by single yarn twist and plied yarn twist. Tenacity of reinforced thread is highly influenced by plied yarn twist than that of mercerization stretch setting and single yarn twist. Optimized conditions for single yarn twist, plied yarn twist and mercerization stretch are 769turns/m, 767turns/m and 2.5% respectively

Surgical gown fabrics in infection control and comfort measures at hospitals

Emerging illnesses like Ebola hemorrhagic fever, hepatitis B and C, SARS and, most recently, the Covid-19 pandemic have underlined the importance of wearing personal protective equipment. Aprons, gowns, coveralls, masks or respirators, and goggles are examples of personal protective equipment. Surgical gowns, which are worn in the surgery room by doctors and nurses to prevent the transfer of germs and bodily fluids from surgical staff to patients and from patients to staff, are an important part of personal protective equipment in healthcare. Surgical gowns are originally constructed of cotton fibres, but modern gowns are made of a range of woven and nonwoven textiles, which may be reusable or disposable. Surgical gowns must control the spread of infections, while simultaneously allowing appropriate comfort, mobility without rubbing and chafing, resisting ripping and linting. A proper understanding of the parameters that affect the barrier properties is needed to design a surgical gown for desired use. This paper discusses various types of surgical gowns, their classification, parameters affecting the properties and the test methods used in surgical gown testing

Surgical gown fabrics in infection control and comfort measures at hospitals

96-104Emerging illnesses like Ebola hemorrhagic fever, hepatitis B and C, SARS and, most recently, the Covid-19 pandemic have underlined the importance of wearing personal protective equipment. Aprons, gowns, coveralls, masks or respirators, and goggles are examples of personal protective equipment. Surgical gowns, which are worn in the surgery room by doctors and nurses to prevent the transfer of germs and bodily fluids from surgical staff to patients and from patients to staff, are an important part of personal protective equipment in healthcare. Surgical gowns are originally constructed of cotton fibres, but modern gowns are made of a range of woven and nonwoven textiles, which may be reusable or disposable. Surgical gowns must control the spread of infections, while simultaneously allowing appropriate comfort, mobility without rubbing and chafing, resisting ripping and linting. A proper understanding of the parameters that affect the barrier properties is needed to design a surgical gown for desired use. This paper discusses various types of surgical gowns, their classification, parameters affecting the properties and the test methods used in surgical gown testing

Effect of process parameters on tensile properties of cotton sewing thread used in reinforcement layer of drafting aprons

52-56In this study, the influence of different process variables on mechanical properties of cotton thread to be used as reinforcement thread has been investigated and the conditions for imparting minimum elongation and maximum tenacity are identified. Single yarn twist, plied yarn twist and mercerization stretch are optimized based on the responses evaluated. The optimization of the parameters has been carried out by using response surface methodology. It is observed that the thread elongation is significantly affected by mercerization stretch setting followed by single yarn twist and plied yarn twist. Tenacity of reinforced thread is highly influenced by plied yarn twist than that of mercerization stretch setting and single yarn twist. Optimized conditions for single yarn twist, plied yarn twist and mercerization stretch are 769turns/m, 767turns/m and 2.5% respectively

Influence of weft yarn diameter on runoff erosion control performance of woven geomesh

The performance of geomeshes used in runoff erosion control application is expected to improve as weft yarn diameter increases. In this study coir and jute geomeshes with different weft yarn diameter are subjected to runoff erosion tests in zero infiltration and soil infiltration conditions (i.e. without and with soil), at three different slope angles of 15°, 30º and 45°. Germination test is performed according to ASTM standard D 7322, using earthen pots and wheat seeds. Increased weft yarn diameter results in improved performance of coir and jute geomeshes at all slope angles and soil-infiltration conditions, due to increased storage volume, except coir geomesh at steeper slope angles. In germination test, increase in weft yarn diameter results in improved average number of roots; but, the percentage of vegetation and average length of roots are found to reduce

Influence of slope angle and rainfall intensity on the runoff erosion control performance of woven geomesh

In this study, runoff erosion control performance of different coir and jute geomeshes is studied at different slope angle, rainfall intensity, and soil-infiltration conditions using a runoff erosion control tester (based on ASTM D 7101). It is observed that the erosion control percentage under soil-infiltration conditions is lower at higher slope angle and rainfall intensity, due to the higher water flow velocity, and because of the same reason runoff volume under zero-infiltration conditions is higher. It is also observed that the geomeshes with higher weight per unit area results in lower runoff and higher culmination, due to the higher storage volume and restriction offered by larger diameter weft yarn of higher weight geomesh