Diagnosing and monitoring diabetic macular edema: structural and functional tests.

Diabetic macular edema remains a major cause of visual impairment in adults despite the use of intensive glycemic control, photocoagulation therapy and new intravitreal drugs in the treatment of this disease. Although early diagnosis and treatment lead to better results, we still have patients who become legally blind. Therefore, better structural and functional characterization of this disease is necessary in order to customize treatment

Intraocular Metastases Secondary to Breast Carcinoma Correlates With Upregulation of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Expression in the Primary Tumor

To compare estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), and human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER2) receptor expression in the primary tumor of patients affected by choroidal metastases from breast carcinoma (BC) versus those with extraocular metastases

Diabetic Macular Edema With and Without Subfoveal Neuroretinal Detachment: Two Different Morphologic and Functional Entities

To assess specific morphologic and functional characteristics in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) with subfoveal neuroretinal detachment (SND+) vs DME without SND (SND-)

On the formalization of some results of context-free language theory

This work describes a formalization effort, using the Coq proof assistant, of fundamental results related to the classical theory of context-free grammars and languages. These include closure properties (union, concatenation and Kleene star), grammar simplification (elimination of useless symbols, inaccessible symbols, empty rules and unit rules), the existence of a Chomsky Normal Form for context-free grammars and the Pumping Lemma for context-free languages. The result is an important set of libraries covering the main results of context-free language theory, with more than 500 lemmas and theorems fully proved and checked. This is probably the most comprehensive formalization of the classical context-free language theory in the Coq proof assistant done to the present date, and includes the important result that is the formalization of the Pumping Lemma for context-free languages.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Reading anxiety\u27s effects on incidental vocabulary acquisition: Are culturally relevant texts exempt?

This study explored the relationships among reading anxiety, incidental vocabulary acquisition and culturally relevant texts. Thirty adult ESL students, 16 of Mexican origin and 14 of Chinese origin, completed modified forms of the Foreign Language Reading Anxiety Survey, vocabulary tests assessed on the Vocabulary Knowledge Scale, and an interview that solicited their opinions regarding reading anxiety remedies and the importance of cultural relevance in reaDing Results revealed a significant negative correlation between reading anxiety and performance on vocabulary tests, but not achievement, i.e. vocabulary gain. Out of six variables considered, reading anxiety was the primary predictor of performance, and cultural relevance was the only predictor of achievement. Discussion includes suggestions for practical application of results for participants of both Mexican and Chinese origin, as well as recommendations for future research that must address the specific needs of these two ethnic groups

19th World Conference on Open Learning and Distance Education

Todos os trabalhos se desenvolveram no Austria Center Vienna, o mais moderno centro de congressos da capital austríaca, adjacente ao complexo das Nações Unidas, na margem esquerda do Danúbio, a menos de quinze minutos de metro do centro da cidade. Com mais de mil e trezentos participantes, na Conferência estiveram representados setenta e nove países, sendo trinta europeus, dezasseis asiáticos, quinze americanos, catorze africanos e quatro da zona do Pacífico. Em termos de representação individual, a Europa, com mais de 57% de presenças, foi a zona do globo mais visível. De salientar, contudo, a presença significativa de um elevado número de representantes de países em busca de desenvolvimento, de todos os continentes, da Letónia à Eslováquia, da Mongólia ao Vietname, da República Dominicana ao Equador, do Botswana à Tunísia, passando pelo Chade e pelo Togo

The Disorganization of Retinal Inner Layers Is Correlated to Müller Cells Impairment in Diabetic Macular Edema: An Imaging and Omics Study

The disorganization of retinal inner layers (DRIL) is an optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarker strictly associated with visual outcomes in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) whose pathophysiology is still unclear. The aim of this study was to characterize in vivo, using retinal imaging and liquid biopsy, DRIL in eyes with DME. This was an observational cross-sectional study. Patients affected by center-involved DME were enrolled. All patients underwent spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and proteomic analysis of aqueous humor (AH). The presence of DRIL at OCT was analyzed by two masked retinal experts. Fifty-seven biochemical biomarkers were analyzed from AH samples. Nineteen eyes of nineteen DME patients were enrolled. DRIL was present in 10 patients (52.63%). No statistically significant difference was found between DME eyes with and without DRIL, considering the AH concentration of all the analyzed biomarkers except for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a biomarker of Muller cells dysfunction (p = 0.02). In conclusion, DRIL, in DME eyes, seems to strictly depend on a major dysfunction of Muller cells, explaining its role not only as imaging biomarker, but also as visual function Muller cells-related parameter