Process description and evaluation of Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines development

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This paper describes the process used to arrive at recommended physical activity guidelines for Canadian school-aged children and youth (5-17 years), adults (18-64 years) and older adults (≥65 years).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology (CSEP) Physical Activity Measurement and Guidelines (PAMG) Steering Committee used the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research Evaluation (AGREE II) Instrument to inform the guideline development process. Fourteen background papers and five systematic reviews were completed. Systematic review authors appraised and synthesized the data, and proposed specific recommendations at an international consensus conference of invited experts and key stakeholders. Independently, an international panel of experts interpreted the evidence from the systematic reviews and developed recommendations following attendance at the Consensus Conference.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Using the AGREE II instrument as a guide, specific <it>foci </it>for each of the guidelines were defined and systematic review methodology was used to synthesize the evidence base. The expert panel, CSEP PAMG Steering Committee and methodological consultants reviewed the systematic reviews and Consensus Statement. The expert panel achieved consensus on the level of evidence informing the physical activity guidelines and developed a separate document outlining key recommendations, interpretation of the evidence and justification of each recommendation.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The CSEP and Public Health Agency of Canada followed a rigorous process to examine the evidence informing potential revisions to existing physical activity guidelines for Canadians. It is believed that this is the first physical activity guideline development process in the world to be guided and assessed by AGREE II and AMSTAR instruments.</p

ANALISA MANAJEMEN OPERASIONAL PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR PT. PABRIK KERTAS TJIWI KIMIA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perusahaan PT. Tjiwi Kimia Tbk melakukan managing quality pada perusahaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dimana mengamati dan menganalisa berbagai keadaan dan disusun dengan menggunakan teknik kajian normatif dengan berstandar pada data kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa PT. Tjiwi Kimia Tbk melakukan perbaikan yang sesuai dengan spesifikasi dari pelanggan, hal ini dapat dilakukan dengan rancangan Quality Plan, Quality Improvement, Quality Assurance, dan Quality Control yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan keefektivan perusahaan dalam sistem manajemen mutunya

PENTINGNYA PERENCANAAN DAN PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN UNTUK MASA DEPAN

Perencanaan keuangan merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam kehidupan. Hal ini karena dapat membantu kita untuk tetap disiplin berada dalam target dan tujuan yang telah ditetapkan. Melalui perencanaan keuangan, seseorang dapat memahami lebih baik keuangannya melalui tujuan keuangan yang terukur serta dampak dari keputusan yang diambil. Metode yang digunakan untuk melakukan penelitian ini berupa penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan proses mengamati dan menganalisa berbagai keadaan. Tanpa perencanaan keuangan yang baik seorang individu dapat memperoleh kebiasaan buruk yang sangat konsumtif tanpa memikirkan pemasukan yang diterima yang pada akhirnya biaya pengeluaran yang dikeluarkan akan melebihi pemasukan sehingga membuat individu tersebut akan kesusahan dalam segi ekonominya

PENGARUH INTEREST RATE, EXCHANGE RATE DAN INFLASI TERHADAP STOCK RETURN PADA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN LQ45

Salah satu instrumen dari pasar modal yang diperdagangkan ialah saham. Salah satu jenis investasi yang menarik adalah saham, karena adanya sistem high risk high return. Saham dapat diperjualbelikan di bursa efek. Terdapat 11 jenis indeks yang tercatat pada Bursa Efek Indonesia yang selalu digunakan yang menjadi panduan investasi bagi investor. Salah satu jenis indeks BEI adalah LQ45. Faktor makro ekonomi yang mempengaruhi saham LQ45 terdiri dari inflasi, interest rate dan exchange rate. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linear berganda dengan penelitian kuantitatif yang menggunakan jenis data sekunder yang diambil dari emiten dengan index LQ45. Penelitian ini memiliki hasil dua variabel yang signifikan dengan stock return yaitu interest rate dan exchange rate

Written informed consent and selection bias in observational studies using medical records: systematic review

Objectives To determine whether informed consent introduces selection bias in prospective observational studies using data from medical records, and consent rates for such studies

Riding the knowledge translation roundabout: lessons learned from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Summer Institute in knowledge translation

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Funding the education and training of the next generation of health researchers is a key mandate of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) knowledge translation (KT) portfolio. The field of KT is growing daily; thus, the training and development of a new generation of KT researchers is essential.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Using curriculum documents, participant evaluations, and self-reflection, this paper describes a unique Summer Institute hosted by the CIHR in Cornwall, Ontario, Canada. We outline the key aspects of a successful training initiative that could inform organizations and agencies worldwide with an interest in or who have a mandate for KT.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>This work provides potential funders, faculty, and students with an inside look into the purpose, process, and outcomes of such training initiatives.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>National and international KT organizations, research institutions, and funding agencies are encouraged to consider replicating the training model employed here, as investment into KT personnel will foster the advancement of the field within and beyond local borders.</p> <p>'To the individual who devotes his/her life to science, nothing can give more happiness than when the results immediately find practical application. There are not two sciences. There is science and the application of science, and these two are linked as the fruit is to the tree.' – Louis Pasteur, 1871 (from presentation by Ian Graham, 2008 CIHR Knowledge Translation Summer Institute)</p

A systematic review of compositional data analysis studies examining associations between sleep, sedentary behaviour, and physical activity with health outcomes in adults

This systematic review determined if the composition of time spent in movement behaviours (i.e., sleep, sedentary behaviour (SED), light physical activity, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)) is associated with health in adults. Five electronic databases were searched in August 2019. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were peer-reviewed, examined community-dwelling adults, and used compositional data analysis to examine the associations between the composition of time spent in movement behaviours and health outcomes. Eight studies (7 cross-sectional, 1 prospective cohort) of >12 000 unique participants were included. Findings indicated that the 24-h movement behaviour composition was associated with all-cause mortality (1 of 1 analyses), adiposity (4 of 4 analyses), and cardiometabolic biomarkers (8 of 15 analyses). Reallocating time into MVPA from other movement behaviours was associated with favourable changes to most health outcomes and taking time out of SED and reallocating it into other movement behaviours was associated with favourable changes to all-cause mortality. The quality of evidence was very low for all health outcomes. In conclusion, these findings support the notion that the composition of movement across the entire 24-h day matters, and that recommendations for sleep, SED, and physical activity should be combined into a single public health guideline. (PROSPERO registration no.: CRD42019121641.) Novelty The 24-h movement behaviour composition is associated with a variety of health outcomes. Reallocating time into MVPA is favourably associated with health. Reallocating time out of SED is associated with favourable changes to mortality risk

Systematic Review of the Relationships Between Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Health Indicators in School-Aged Children and Youth

Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is essential for disease prevention and health promotion. Emerging evidence suggests other intensities of physical activity (PA), including light-intensity activity (LPA), may also be important, but there has been no rigorous evaluation of the evidence. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the relationships between objectively measured PA (total and all intensities) and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Online databases were searched for peer-reviewed studies that met the a priori inclusion criteria: population (apparently healthy, aged 5–17 years), intervention/exposure/comparator (volumes, durations, frequencies, intensities, and patterns of objectively measured PA), and outcome (body composition, cardiometabolic biomarkers, physical fitness, behavioural conduct/pro-social behaviour, cognition/academic achievement, quality of life/well-being, harms, bone health, motor skill development, psychological distress, self-esteem). Heterogeneity among studies precluded meta-analyses; narrative synthesis was conducted. A total of 162 studies were included (204 171 participants from 31 countries). Overall, total PA was favourably associated with physical, psychological/social, and cognitive health indicators. Relationships were more consistent and robust for higher (e.g., MVPA) versus lower (e.g., LPA) intensity PA. All patterns of activity (sporadic, bouts, continuous) provided benefit. LPA was favourably associated with cardiometabolic biomarkers; data were scarce for other outcomes. These findings continue to support the importance of at least 60 min/day of MVPA for disease prevention and health promotion in children and youth, but also highlight the potential benefits of LPA and total PA. All intensities of PA should be considered in future work aimed at better elucidating the health benefits of PA in children and youth