Construction management and lean thinking in highways maintenance

To realize the benefits of BIM in construction management using (4D and 5D applications), it has to be implemented first. There are various BIM implementation plans to select from; with BIM features and guides, companies better understand BIM concepts and can easily choose a plan to apply in their operations. A literature review was conducted and 15 different definitions of BIM were encountered. Twelve different BIM implementation plans were found in publications by academics, software vendors and Architecture/Engineering/Construction (AEC) industry professionals. Those implementation plans were compared using a matrix which covers the complete building lifecycle. This research concludes that out of the 12 implementations plans, three were equipped with additional guides attached to their plans, simplifying project data collection; namely those by Autodesk, Penn State University and Indiana University. One implementation plan that scored very highly (based on 16 key issues identified from the three categories of stakeholders specified in this project) was the implementation plan proposed by a major software vendor. BIM is poised to solve many of the shortcomings reported in the construction industry. However, before realizing the full potential of BIM in construction management, it needs to be systematically implemented

Total Synthesis of Amphirionin‑4

The first total synthesis of amphirionin-4 has been achieved using a combination of cross-coupling strategies to access the polyene side chain and a chlorohydrin-based approach to construct the tetrahydrofuranol core. The remote C9-stereocenter was introduced through a Nozaki–Hiyama–Kishi coupling that proceeded with remote stereoinduction

Genotypes of contents of queen cells

Genotypes of contents of queen cell

Enantioselective Formation of CF₃‑Bearing All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters via C–H Functionalization of Methanol: Iridium Catalyzed Allene Hydrohydroxymethylation

Using an iridium catalyst modified by PhanePhos, CF₃-allenes react with methanol to form branched products of hydrohydroxymethylation as single regioisomers with excellent levels of enantiomeric enrichment. This hydrogen autotransfer process enables catalytic enantioselective formation of acyclic CF₃-bearing all-carbon quaternary stereocenters in the absence of stoichiometric metals or byproducts

Enantioselective Formation of CF₃‑Bearing All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters via C–H Functionalization of Methanol: Iridium Catalyzed Allene Hydrohydroxymethylation

Using an iridium catalyst modified by PhanePhos, CF₃-allenes react with methanol to form branched products of hydrohydroxymethylation as single regioisomers with excellent levels of enantiomeric enrichment. This hydrogen autotransfer process enables catalytic enantioselective formation of acyclic CF₃-bearing all-carbon quaternary stereocenters in the absence of stoichiometric metals or byproducts

Additional file 1: of The cost-effectiveness of active surveillance compared to watchful waiting and radical prostatectomy for low risk localised prostate cancer

Supporting tables and figures for the cost-effectiveness of active surveillance. (DOCX 889 kb

Development of a Direct Photocatalytic C–H Fluorination for the Preparative Synthesis of Odanacatib

Late-stage C–H fluorination is an appealing reaction for medicinal chemistry. However, the application of this strategy to process research appears less attractive due to the formation and necessary purification of mixtures of organofluorines. Here we demonstrate that γ-fluoroleucine methyl ester, an intermediate critical to the large-scale synthesis of odanacatib, can be accessed directly from leucine methyl ester using a combination of the decatungstate photocatalyst and <i>N</i>-fluorobenzene­sulfonimide in flow. This efficient C–H fluorination reaction compares favorably with several generations of classical γ-fluoroleucine process syntheses

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Quality of life effects of androgen deprivation therapy in a prostate cancer cohort in New Zealand: can we minimize effects using a stratification based on the aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C3 rs12529 gene polymorphism?

Summary of details related to batch genotyping for the AKR1C3 rs12529 SNP. Description of data-Details provided as a requirement of the Standard Strengthening the Reporting of Genetic Association Studies (STREGA)–An Extension of the STROBE Statement. (DOCX 62 kb

Additional file 6:Â Additional Acknowledgements. of Identifying gene-gene interactions that are highly associated with Body Mass Index using Quantitative Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (QMDR)

Acknowledgements and detailed descriptions of the five studies that provided the data for the analyses in this paper. (PDF 68 kb

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Identifying gene-gene interactions that are highly associated with Body Mass Index using Quantitative Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (QMDR)

Information for cohorts providing individual level data. Information regarding the geographic location, and numbers of individuals included from each cohort. (PDF 40 kb