Psychometric evaluation of the Swedish Child Sheehan Disability Scale in adolescent psychiatric patients

Background: Assessment of disability is part of the psychiatric diagnostic process, and validated scales are needed for the assessment of functioning. The Swedish translations of the Child Sheehan Disability Scale (CSDS) for adolescents and parents (CSDS-P) have been adapted for use in psychiatric settings. Objective: The purpose of the study was to explore the psychometric properties of the Swedish CSDS and the CSDS-P among adolescent psychiatric patients. Method: Patients (n = 107) were assessed with the CSDS, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ adolescent), and the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL) diagnostic interview. Their parents participated in the interview and completed the CSDS-P and SDQ parent. Results: Internal consistency was alpha =.813 for the CSDS (three items) and alpha =.842 for the CSDS-P (five items). For both scales, principal component analyses showed one component. The correlations between the total scores of the CSDS and CSDS-P in relation to a general K-SADS-PL symptom summation index were r(s) = .332, p < .001 and r(s) = .237, p = .014, respectively. Correlations with the total K-SADS function summation index were r(s) < .300 for both. The correlation between the CSDS and the total difficulties score on the SDQ was r(s) = .433,p < .001. Conclusions: The Swedish translations of the CSDS and CSDS-P had similar psychometric properties to Whiteside's CSDS and the Adult Sheehan Disability Scale. Concurrent validity and correlation between the CSDS and CSDS-P were weak

Influence of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology on Adult Personality Disorder

Individuals afflicted with childhood and adolescent mental disorders have an increased risk for poor outcome in adulthood. The progression of psychopathology from childhood to adult life may be influenced by a multitude of interacting variables, both biological and psychosocial. There is limited information on the relationships between child psychopathology and adult personality and personality disorders. The main aim of this thesis was therefore to gain better knowledge concerning adult personality outcome in patients with early onset of mental disorders. Former child psychiatric patients as compared to controls had a significantly higher prevalence of all DSM-IV personality disorders (38.0 vs. 10.9 percent, p<0.001) and also a considerably higher personality disorder co-morbidity. They also had more psychosocial and environmental problems. This was exaggerated in those diagnosed with a personality disorder. Major depression, disruptive disorders and substance use disorders at a young age were strong predictors for adult personality disorder. Patients with an early onset major depression had more personality disorders and more deviant personality traits than those with a late onset. Forensic psychiatric male patients diagnosed with a previous conduct disorder as compared to those without had more cluster B personality disorders, and more repeated violent criminality and mixed abuse. They also exhibited more deviant personality traits and higher psychopathy scores. The instrument "Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Screening Inventory-Retrospect" had acceptable sensitivity and specificity for assessment of child psychiatric disorders. Subscales demonstrated good internal reliability (Crohnbach´s alpha = 0.76-0.93). The results suggest that adult personality disturbances are prevalent in individuals affected with mental problems at young ages. A better understanding of the transition of psychopathology from childhood to adulthood and a better identification of those at risk will be of help in attempts to prevent permanent impact on the adult personality

Influence of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology on Adult Personality Disorder

Individuals afflicted with childhood and adolescent mental disorders have an increased risk for poor outcome in adulthood. The progression of psychopathology from childhood to adult life may be influenced by a multitude of interacting variables, both biological and psychosocial. There is limited information on the relationships between child psychopathology and adult personality and personality disorders. The main aim of this thesis was therefore to gain better knowledge concerning adult personality outcome in patients with early onset of mental disorders. Former child psychiatric patients as compared to controls had a significantly higher prevalence of all DSM-IV personality disorders (38.0 vs. 10.9 percent, p<0.001) and also a considerably higher personality disorder co-morbidity. They also had more psychosocial and environmental problems. This was exaggerated in those diagnosed with a personality disorder. Major depression, disruptive disorders and substance use disorders at a young age were strong predictors for adult personality disorder. Patients with an early onset major depression had more personality disorders and more deviant personality traits than those with a late onset. Forensic psychiatric male patients diagnosed with a previous conduct disorder as compared to those without had more cluster B personality disorders, and more repeated violent criminality and mixed abuse. They also exhibited more deviant personality traits and higher psychopathy scores. The instrument "Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Screening Inventory-Retrospect" had acceptable sensitivity and specificity for assessment of child psychiatric disorders. Subscales demonstrated good internal reliability (Crohnbach´s alpha = 0.76-0.93). The results suggest that adult personality disturbances are prevalent in individuals affected with mental problems at young ages. A better understanding of the transition of psychopathology from childhood to adulthood and a better identification of those at risk will be of help in attempts to prevent permanent impact on the adult personality

Influence of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology on Adult Personality Disorder

Individuals afflicted with childhood and adolescent mental disorders have an increased risk for poor outcome in adulthood. The progression of psychopathology from childhood to adult life may be influenced by a multitude of interacting variables, both biological and psychosocial. There is limited information on the relationships between child psychopathology and adult personality and personality disorders. The main aim of this thesis was therefore to gain better knowledge concerning adult personality outcome in patients with early onset of mental disorders. Former child psychiatric patients as compared to controls had a significantly higher prevalence of all DSM-IV personality disorders (38.0 vs. 10.9 percent, p<0.001) and also a considerably higher personality disorder co-morbidity. They also had more psychosocial and environmental problems. This was exaggerated in those diagnosed with a personality disorder. Major depression, disruptive disorders and substance use disorders at a young age were strong predictors for adult personality disorder. Patients with an early onset major depression had more personality disorders and more deviant personality traits than those with a late onset. Forensic psychiatric male patients diagnosed with a previous conduct disorder as compared to those without had more cluster B personality disorders, and more repeated violent criminality and mixed abuse. They also exhibited more deviant personality traits and higher psychopathy scores. The instrument "Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Screening Inventory-Retrospect" had acceptable sensitivity and specificity for assessment of child psychiatric disorders. Subscales demonstrated good internal reliability (Crohnbach´s alpha = 0.76-0.93). The results suggest that adult personality disturbances are prevalent in individuals affected with mental problems at young ages. A better understanding of the transition of psychopathology from childhood to adulthood and a better identification of those at risk will be of help in attempts to prevent permanent impact on the adult personality

Long-term stability of personality traits in a clinical psychiatric sample

Background: The aim of this study was to describe personality traits in psychiatric patients and to investigate whether these traits are stable over 13 years. Methods: A total of 95 individuals who were patients at a psychiatric outpatients' clinic in 2003 completed the Swedish universities Scales of Personality (SSP). Scores from 2003 were compared with SSP scores from 2016. Based on the current score on the comprehensive psychopathological rating scale - self rating for affective disorders (CPRS-S-A), the participants were divided into two groups representing 'good' and 'poor' current mental states, to investigate the effect of current mental state on reports of personality traits. Results: Out of 13 personality traits, 11 showed a significant change in mean T-score over the study interval. The group with lower CPRS-S-A scores showed a significant change in T-score for 10 traits, whereas in the group with higher CPRS-S-A scores only 3 traits showed a significant change. Conclusions: The findings support the theory that personality is changeable over the course of life, also in psychiatric patients. We do not know if persisting psychiatric symptoms halter change or if deviant personality traits cause psychiatric symptoms to continue