793 research outputs found
Flow visualization using momentum and energy transport tubes and applications to turbulent flow in wind farms
As a generalization of the mass-flux based classical stream-tube, the concept
of momentum and energy transport tubes is discussed as a flow visualization
tool. These transport tubes have the property, respectively, that no fluxes of
momentum or energy exist over their respective tube mantles. As an example
application using data from large-eddy simulation, such tubes are visualized
for the mean-flow structure of turbulent flow in large wind farms, in fully
developed wind-turbine-array boundary layers. The three-dimensional
organization of energy transport tubes changes considerably when turbine
spacings are varied, enabling the visualization of the path taken by the
kinetic energy flux that is ultimately available at any given turbine within
the array.Comment: Accepted for publication in Journal of Fluid Mechanic
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Direct Measurement of Vanadium Crossover in an Operating Vanadium Redox Flow Battery
Measurements of Vanadium diffusion coefficients for transport across cation exchange membranes using dialysis cells have been reported in the literature. However, to date direct measurement of crossover coefficients in an operating Vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) cell have not been reported. Results are reported in this paper on experiments utilizing a special VRB cell which allows measurement of Vanadium ion transport across ion exchange membranes with and without the presence of current. The cell utilizes two additional flow regions which collect Vanadium ions which diffuse from the positive and negative half cells. The effects of the magnitude and direction of electrical current on transport can be measured directly with this cell. We observe that transport is greatly enhanced when the direction of the hydrogen ion flux is in the same direction as the density gradient driven vanadium flux and suppressed when the hydrogen ion flux is in the opposite direction. The cell has been used to of investigate the effects on transport of current densities up to 900 mA/cm(2).US Department of Energy ARPA-E program DE-AR00000149Materials Science and Engineerin
Waters and Water Rights: A Treatise on the Law of Waters and Allied Problems. (Robert Emmet Clark, ed.). Indianapolis: Allen Smith, 1967. Pp. 1640 (3 vols.). $28.50 each.
The Colorado River Compact: A Limit on Upper Basin Development: Outline
9 pages.
Contains references.
Supplemental materials. Includes extracts from Colorado River Basin Project Act and Colorado River Compact
The Colorado River Compact: A Limit on Upper Basin Development: Outline
9 pages.
Contains references.
Supplemental materials. Includes extracts from Colorado River Basin Project Act and Colorado River Compact
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