The Interplay of Organizational Demography and Institutional Change

Our paper analyzes the interplay of organizational demography with the propensity to adopt an innovative practice. In particular, we examine how the demographical composition of professional German football teams influenced the adoption of the chain-defense-system (?Viererkette?) as well as the success of implementing this system. In doing so we strongly believe that the underlying relationship between organizational demography and the innovation diffusion process is not only relevant for football teams: Other smaller organizations or profit centers whose team structures seem comparable to those of football teams might be subject to similar processes. We hypothesize that a high level of team heterogeneity leads to a greater propensity to change. We also hypothesize that homogeneous teams are more successful in executing a new practice once they have overcome their skepticism. Our results support the hypotheses on change, but do not provide final support for our hypothesis on performance. --Organizational Behavior,Economics of Sports,Innovation and Invention,Diffusion Process,Duration Analysis,Performance Analysis

Using HP Filtered Data for Econometric Analysis : Some Evidence from Monte Carlo Simulations

The Hodrick-Prescott (HP) filter has become a widely used tool for detrending integrated time series in applied econometric analysis. Even though the theoretical time series literature sums up an extensive catalogue of severe criticism against an econometric analysis of HP filtered data, the original Hodrick and Prescott (1980, 1997) suggestion to measure the strength of association between (macro-)economic variables by a regression analysis of corresponding HP filtered time series still appears to be popular. A contradictory situation which might be justified only if HP induced distortions were quantitatively negligible in empirical applications. However, this hypothesis can hardly be maintained as the simulation results presented within this paper indicate that HP filtered series give seriously rise to spurious regression results. --HP filter,spurious regression,detrending

Equality conditions for the fractional Brunn-Minkowski-Lyusternik inequality in one-dimension

While studying set function properties of Lebesgue measure, Franck Barthe and Mokshay Madiman proved that Lebesgue measure is fractionally superadditive on compact sets in $\mathbb{R}^n$. In doing this they proved a fractional generalization of the Brunn-Minkowski-Lyusternik (BML) inequality in dimension $n=1$. In this article a complete characterization of the equality conditions for the fractional BML inequality in one-dimension will be given. It will be shown that aside from some trivial cases, that for a fractional partition $(\mathcal{G},\beta)$ and non-empty compact sets $A_1,\dots,A_m\subset\mathbb{R}$ equality holds if and only if for each $S\in\mathcal{G}$ the set $\sum_{i\in S}A_i$ is either an interval with positive measure or consists of exactly one point

Incivility in 2022 Senatorial Elections

This honors capstone project will examine the effect of social media, specifically Twitter, on U.S. senate elections in 2022. It will track the tweets of personal and official campaign Twitter accounts from the end of the primary until election night in two “Toss Up” or highly contested seats in the 2022 senate elections. This project will examine the winner of the Republican and Democrat primaries only. All the tweets from the timeframe will be tracked and categorized by intention or use of the tweet. These categories will break down the tweet into what it was meant to do be it campaigning, informing, or messaging. The research will break the tweets down by type and compare it to the trends seen in traditional media such as print, signage, radio, television, and any website use. The conclusion will look to show the similarities and differences in style of the candidates and the other forms of campaigning

Use of location data for the surveillance, analysis, and optimization of clinical processes

Thesis (S.M.)--Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 33-35).Location tracking systems in healthcare produce a wealth of data applicable across many aspects of care and management. However, since dedicated location tracking systems, such as the oft mentioned RFID tracking system, are still sparsely deployed, a number of other data sources may be utilized to serve as a proxy for physical location, such as barcodes and manual timestamp entry, and may be better suited to indicate progress through clinical workflows. INCOMING!, a web-based platform that monitors and tracks patient progress from the operating room to the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU), is one such system that utilizes manual timestamps routinely entered as standard process of care in the operating room in order to track a patient's progress through the post-operative period. This integrated real time system facilitates patient flow between the PACU and the surgical ward and eases PACU workload by reducing the effort of discharging patients.(cont.) We have also developed a larger-scale integrated system for perioperative processes that integrates perioperative data from anesthesia and surgical devices and operating room (OR) / hospital information systems, and projects the real-time integrated data as a single, unified, easy to visualize display. The need to optimize perioperative throughput creates a demand for integration of the datastreams and for timely data presentation. The system provides improved context-sensitive information display, improved real-time monitoring of physiological data, real-time access to readiness information, and improved workflow management. These systems provide improved data access and utilization, providing context-aware applications in healthcare that are aware of a user's location, environment, needs, and goals.by Mark A. Meyer.S.M