17 research outputs found
Graffiti de Sigiriya (Sri Lanka) (Les)
Sur le site antique de Sigiriya, un mur faisant face Ă des peintures rupestres du ve siĂšcle porte prĂšs dâun millier de brĂšves inscriptions de caractĂšre poĂ©tique faites par des visiteurs du site, pour lâessentiel entre le viiie et le xe siĂšcle. Ces graffiti constituent une source exceptionnelle pour lâhistoire des pratiques culturelles mĂ©diĂ©vales. Mais Senarat Paranavitana, lâĂ©pigraphiste qui les a lus et Ă©ditĂ©s, a cru dĂ©chiffrer sur dâautres supports des inscriptions interlinĂ©aires imaginaires qui lui ont servi Ă conforter ses thĂ©ories sur lâhistoire du site.In the ancient site of Sigiriya, a wall facing 5th century rock paintings bears almost one thousand short poetic inscriptions scribbled by visitors, most of them between the 8th and the 10th century. These graffiti are an exceptional source for the history of medieval cultural practices. But Senarat Paranavitana, the epigraphist who read and edited them, later developed historical theories about Sigiriya based on imaginary interlinear inscriptions which he believed to have deciphered
The Impetus behind the Encyclopaedia of Historiography
The Encyclopaedia of Historiography is a collective work in progress, which aims at making known to a wide audience the extreme diversity of narratives about the past produced in Africa, Latin America, Asia and more generally in all the parts of the world not included in what is termed as âthe Westâ (Europa and North America). The rich and complex conceptions of the past produced in various societies offer an extensive insight into their functioning: the Encyclopaedia thus goes further than just introducing âthe historianâs craftâ and âhistoriography as the history of the historical disciplineâ; it examines and deciphers the production of the various narratives and/or representations of the past in their socio-cultural context.Ćuvre collective Ă©laborĂ©e de maniĂšre progressive, lâEncyclopĂ©die des historiographies est mue par la volontĂ© de faire connaĂźtre Ă un large public lâextrĂȘme diversitĂ© des rĂ©cits sur le passĂ© produits hier et aujourdâhui en Afrique, en AmĂ©rique latine, en Asie, et dans toutes les autres parties du monde qui ne sont pas incluses dans ce quâil est convenu dâappeler lâOccident (Europe et AmĂ©rique du Nord). LâEncyclopĂ©die rĂ©vĂšle ainsi la richesse et la complexitĂ© de la pensĂ©e humaine confrontĂ©e au temps rĂ©volu. Ce faisant, lâouvrage laisse aussi voir des pans entiers du fonctionnement des sociĂ©tĂ©s qui pensent lâhistoire. LâEncyclopĂ©die va donc bien au-delĂ dâune simple prĂ©sentation du « mĂ©tier dâhistorien » et, mĂȘme, de lâ« historiographie » (histoire de la discipline historique), puisque y sont examinĂ©es et dĂ©chiffrĂ©es, dans les contextes socioculturels qui les ont produites, toutes sortes de discours ou de reprĂ©sentations relatifs au passĂ©
Volume I of The Encyclopaedia of Historiography: Historical Sources and Genres
Opening the Encyclopaedia of Historiography with the theme of sources and historical genres is the result of a choice, to first consider on what narratives on the past are grounded, justified and fed: material traces left by the past on one side, on the other various categories of narratives and practices supposed to restitute the past. The first stage in the making of the Encyclopaedia raises difficult practical and epistemological issues. At what point can a source be considered as âAfricanâ, âAsiaticâ, South Americanâ, or âOceanianâ when âthe Westâ is more or less involved in its production and/or use? How to represent in a balanced way the multiple human societies and is that attempt actually relevant? How to account for the multiple connections and circulation between âpast and presentâ historical narratives?Le choix dâouvrir lâEncyclopĂ©die des historiographies sur le thĂšme des sources et genres historiques procĂšde de la volontĂ© de considĂ©rer dâabord ce qui fonde, justifie et nourrit les rĂ©cits sur le passĂ©, soit dâune part les traces matĂ©rielles laissĂ©es par celui-ci, et dâautre part les diverses catĂ©gories de discours et de pratiques censĂ©s rendre compte de ce passĂ©. Cette premiĂšre Ă©tape dans la fabrication de lâEncyclopĂ©die nâest pas sans soulever de redoutables questions, aussi bien sur le plan pratique que sur le plan Ă©pistĂ©mologique : Ă partir de quel moment peut-on dire quâune source historique est « africaine », « asiatique », « sud-amĂ©ricaine » ou « ocĂ©anienne », lorsque lâOccident pĂšse plus ou moins dans lâhistoire de sa production et/ou de son usage ? Comment reprĂ©senter de maniĂšre Ă©quilibrĂ©e dans lâEncyclopĂ©die les multiples sociĂ©tĂ©s humaines ? Cette recherche dâune certaine reprĂ©sentativitĂ© est-elle dâailleurs pertinente ? De quelle maniĂšre rendre compte des innombrables connexions et circulations entre les mondes â passĂ©s ou prĂ©sents â qui racontent leur histoireÂ
Lâesprit de lâEncyclopĂ©die des historiographies
Ćuvre collective Ă©laborĂ©e de maniĂšre progressive, lâEncyclopĂ©die des historiographies est mue par la volontĂ© de faire connaĂźtre Ă un large public lâextrĂȘme diversitĂ© des rĂ©cits sur le passĂ© produits hier et aujourdâhui en Afrique, en AmĂ©rique latine, en Asie, et dans toutes les autres parties du monde qui ne sont pas incluses dans ce quâil est convenu dâappeler lâOccident (Europe et AmĂ©rique du Nord). LâEncyclopĂ©die rĂ©vĂšle ainsi la richesse et la complexitĂ© de la pensĂ©e humaine confrontĂ©e au temps rĂ©volu. Ce faisant, lâouvrage laisse aussi voir des pans entiers du fonctionnement des sociĂ©tĂ©s qui pensent lâhistoire. LâEncyclopĂ©die va donc bien au-delĂ dâune simple prĂ©sentation du « mĂ©tier dâhistorien » et, mĂȘme, de lâ« historiographie » (histoire de la discipline historique), puisque y sont examinĂ©es et dĂ©chiffrĂ©es, dans les contextes socioculturels qui les ont produites, toutes sortes de discours ou de reprĂ©sentations relatifs au passĂ©.The Encyclopaedia of Historiography is a collective work in progress, which aims at making known to a wide audience the extreme diversity of narratives about the past produced in Africa, Latin America, Asia and more generally in all the parts of the world not included in what is termed as âthe Westâ (Europa and North America). The rich and complex conceptions of the past produced in various societies offer an extensive insight into their functioning: the Encyclopaedia thus goes further than just introducing âthe historianâs craftâ and âhistoriography as the history of the historical disciplineâ; it examines and deciphers the production of the various narratives and/or representations of the past in their socio-cultural context
L'Encyclopédie des historiographies : Afriques, Amériques, Asies
PortĂ© par cent cinquante-six historiens et historiennes reprĂ©sentant prĂšs de quatre-vingt-dix institutions nationales et internationales, le premier volume de lâEncyclopĂ©die des historiographies. Afriques, AmĂ©riques, Asies vient de paraĂźtre aux Presses de lâInalco (30 avril 2020) en format numĂ©rique. Livre dâhistoire tout autant quâouvrage dâhistoriographie (Ă©pistĂ©mologie de la discipline historique), cette nouvelle encyclopĂ©die dĂ©crit, dĂ©crypte et compare les rapports que les hommes et ..
Speaking Out and Being Heard Residentsâ Committees in Quebecâs Residential Long-Term Care Centre
The KMT2A recombinome of acute leukemias in 2023
Chromosomal rearrangements of the human KMT2A/MLL gene are associated with de novo as well as therapy-induced infant, pediatric, and adult acute leukemias. Here, we present the data obtained from 3401 acute leukemia patients that have been analyzed between 2003 and 2022. Genomic breakpoints within the KMT2A gene and the involved translocation partner genes (TPGs) and KMT2A-partial tandem duplications (PTDs) were determined. Including the published data from the literature, a total of 107 in-frame KMT2A gene fusions have been identified so far. Further 16 rearrangements were out-of-frame fusions, 18 patients had no partner gene fused to 5'-KMT2A, two patients had a 5'-KMT2A deletion, and one ETV6::RUNX1 patient had an KMT2A insertion at the breakpoint. The seven most frequent TPGs and PTDs account for more than 90% of all recombinations of the KMT2A, 37 occur recurrently and 63 were identified so far only once. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the KMT2A recombinome in acute leukemia patients. Besides the scientific gain of information, genomic breakpoint sequences of these patients were used to monitor minimal residual disease (MRD). Thus, this work may be directly translated from the bench to the bedside of patients and meet the clinical needs to improve patient survival
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Receptor subtypes â Molecular biology and pharmacology
Molecular cloning studies have demonstrated structural and functional diversity in neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. To date, seven a subunits (a2 to a8) and three α subunits (α2 to α4) have been characterised in the nervous system of vertebrates. We now report the identification and functional characterization of a new member of this family of receptor subunit genes: α9. A full-length cDNA clone encoding a protein of 480 amino acids was isolated from an olfactory epithelium library. The deduced amino acid sequence reveals that a9 has significant homology with other nicotinic acetylcholine receptor a subunits. In situ hybridization studies using sagittal sections of rat embryos show that this subunit is expressed in the olfactory epithelium and in the pars tuberalis of the pituitary. In vitro transcribed a9 cRNA injected into Xenopus laevis oocytes results in the formation of a homomeric, cationic channel which is activated by acetylcholine with an EC50 of 10”M. While acetylcholine is a full agonist, both the nicotinic agonist DMPP and the muscarinic agonist oxotremorine-M are weak partial agonists. The receptor is not activated either by nicotine or by muscarine. However, both nicotine and muscarine behave as competitive antagonists with an IC50 at 10”M acetylcholine of 45 ”M and 84 ”M, respectively. Classical nicotinic (d-tubocurarine, Ăerythroidine) and muscarinic (atropine) antagonists also block the responses elicited by acetylcholine. Both a-bungarotoxin (100nM) and Îș-bungarotoxin (100nM) block the recombinant receptor in a reversible manner. In summary, these heterologous expression studies show that the receptor-channel complex formed with a9 has a mixed nicotinicmuscarinic pharmacology. In vivo receptors with similar properties have been reported in cochlear hair cells of chick and rat (Fuchs and Murrow, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 248: 35, 1992; Housley and Ashmore, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 244: 161, 1991). PCR experiments using specific primers for α9 and cDNA reverse transcribed from rat cochlear total RNA show that this subunit gene is transcribed in this tissue